二战全史（1973）

The World At War S01E08

Part 5 June 6, 2022, 8:33 a.m.

并由他自己来指挥第八军
and taken command
of the Eighth Army himself.
但丘吉尔也已在计划撤掉他
But Churchill was already planning
to sack him too.
隆美尔没有等待丘吉尔的决定
Rommel didn't wait
for Churchill's decision.
他把他的疲惫之师投入一场
夺取埃及的最后的,孤注一掷的进攻
He threw his tired troops into
a last, desperate attempt to take Egypt.
七月,在可能是沙漠战争中最具决定性
的战役(第一次阿♥拉♥曼战役)里,
ln July, in perhaps the most decisive
battle of the Desert War,
奥金莱克拦住了他
Auchinleck halted him.
这是一场极其重要的战役,
It was a frightfully important battle,
情势非常危急我们可能失去整个中东的基地
and it was touch and go that we might
have lost our whole Middle East base.
八月丘吉尔亲自前去视察了部队的士气
Churchill went to see for
himself in August the troops' morale.
托布鲁克的陷落已经激怒了他,
Tobruk's fall had exasperated him,
但他从第八军得到的欢迎激励了他
but he was heartened by the reception
he got from the Eighth Army.
他已经决定指派亚历山大代替奥金莱克
He'd already decided to appoint
Alexander in place of Auchinleck.
第八军的新指挥官将是蒙哥马利,
The new Eighth Army commander
was to be Montgomery,
尽管蒙哥马利在战争中还未涉足过沙漠
although Montgomery had not set foot
in the desert during the war.
当蒙哥马利来的时候
我们都挺担心他的
When Montgomery came we were
a bit apprehensive about him
因为我们从没见过这个有着
白白的膝盖和诸如此类事物的人
because we'd never seen this man
who had white knees and what have you.
你的首相的突然出现是
一件非常令人振奋的事情
(Durrell) The presence of your PM
suddenly was a very tonic thing.
他穿着一件防护服,
吸着一根巨大的雪茄,
He was wearing a siren suit,
smoking an immense cigar,
但他的便鞋上有"WC"两个字母...
but he had "WC" on his slippers...
他穿着那种你会和晚礼服
配套穿的老式舞鞋,
he was wearing old-fashioned dancing pumps
that you used to wear with dinner jackets,
一只脚上有个W,另一只有个C
with W on one foot and C on the other.
他给我们说了番非常不错的鼓舞士气的讲话
And he gave us a very good pep talk.
对隆美尔来说,沙漠战的规律
现在开始对他不利
For Rommel,the laws of desert warfare
now began to work against him.
推进得越远,补给线就越长
The further the advance,
the longer the supply line.
我想当我们进入埃及,我们就已越过了卢比孔河
(比喻已无回头路可走),就象恺撒一样
I think we had crossed the Rubicon,
like Caesar,when we went to Egypt.
希♥特♥勒♥的眼睛每天都盯着俄♥国♥前线...
The eyes of Hitler were directed
every day to the Russian front...
(齐格弗里德·韦斯特法尔将军隆美尔的参谋长)
决定性的前线...
the deciding front...
我们的角色并不是那么重要
and our role was not so important.
如果我们没有困难他就满足了,
He was content
if we had no difficulties,
但他不能保证补给能送到北非部队的手上
but he was not able to guarantee
the supplies came to the North African force.
隆美尔的每四艘补给船只有一艘能到达
Only one in four of Rommel's
supply ships ever got through.
他的解决办法...(尽管)为时已晚...
就是碾碎马耳他岛
His solution... late in the day...
crush Malta.
戈林的德国空军相信
它能单枪匹马消灭这个岛屿
Göring's Luftwaffe believed it could
annihilate the island single-handed.
斯图卡(俯冲轰炸机),亨克尔(轰炸机),容克(轰炸机),
道尼尔(轰炸机),梅塞施米特(战斗轰炸机)
Stukas, Heinkels, Junkers,
Dorniers, Messerschmitts
日复一日地,一次数百架地,
被下令轰炸该岛
day in, day out, hundreds at a time,
were ordered against the island.
马耳他成了世界上被轰炸(次数)最多的地方
Malta became the most bombed place on earth.
马耳他坚持了下来
Malta held out.
对隆美尔同样糟的是,
Equally bad for Rommel,
(英国)沙漠空军现在能从战线后仅100英里,
沿尼罗河分布的诸多基地起飞(攻击德军)
the Desert Air Force could now operate from its home
bases along the Nile, just 100 miles behind the line.
在沙漠中,战斗的特征是大量坦克的对抗,
炮兵的(对抗),空中支援的(对抗)
In the desert,fighting is characterised by
the opposition of tanks in large quantities,
of artillery, of air support.
空中支援,比方说,在俄♥国♥
并不扮演重要角色,
Air support, for instance, didn't play
a considerable role in Russia,
(因为)在那里部队有足够的隐蔽处
where troops had enough cover.
在非洲,空中优势是决定性的(因素)
ln Africa, air superiority
was all decisive.
蒙哥马利拥有空中优势
Montgomery had air superiority.
极度地缺乏燃料,隆美尔的(补给)车队不得不从他在
的黎波里的主基地冒险冲过1,400英里(给他运油),
Desperately short of fuel, Rommel's convoys had to run
the gauntlet,the 1,400 miles from his main base at Tripoli,
而蒙哥马利离他在亚历山大港
的主基地只有60英里
whereas Montgomery was only
60 miles from his at Alexandria.
与几个港口的距离...
The distance from the ports...
班加西,的黎波里,还有或许,托布鲁克...
Benghazi, Tripoli
and, perhaps, Tobruk...
都已变得太远了
had become too big.
在沙漠来回拉锯期间,
During the jigsaws
up and down the desert,
当我们把隆美尔推回去
when we pushed Rommel back
我们曾指控他把油倒入水井里,
we used to accuse him
of putting oil in the wells,
我们觉得(这种做法)
真是种卑鄙的花招
which we thought
was really a dirty trick.
然后当我们往回撤退,
Then when we came back down,
他会指责我们把油倒进水里
he would blame us
for putting oil in the water.
现在(知道)似乎是,一直以来,
地底下的油井把油渗入了水井
And now it seems that, all the time,
it was the oil wells below the ground
seeping through into the water well.
9月,当隆美尔病倒,非洲军团的士气遭受打击
In September the morale of Afrika Korps
was dealt a blow when Rommel fell ill.
希♥特♥勒♥命令他回家
Hitler ordered him home.
但是他的部队被第二年
留在沙漠的太阳底下
But his men were left behind
under the desert sun for a second year.
当你在沙漠里,你感觉就象
一个在月亮上的人会感受到的那样
When you are in the desert, you
feel like a man on the moon would feel.
你孤身一人和这宇宙在一起
You are alone with the universe.
对于非洲军团的人来说,
远离家园,没有假期的问题,
For the men of the Afrika Korps, far from
home,there was no question of leave,
只有英国人迟早都会进攻他们的必然
only the certainty that, sooner or
later, the British would attack them.
士兵们都有思乡之情
There was the homesickness of the soldier
他们宁可呆在家里而不是打仗
who would have preferred
to be at home and not at war.
♪ 在军营前在大门前
♪ Vor der Kaserne Vor dem großen Tor
♪ 竖着一根灯柱
如果它仍然竖立在门前
♪ Stand eine Laterne
Und steht sie noch davor
沙漠战役造就了第二次世界大战中
最令人难忘的歌♥曲这绝非偶然
It was no accident that the desert campaign produced
the most memorable song of the Second World War.
(女人用德语唱 "莉莉·玛莲")
(woman sings "Lili Marlene" in German)
莉莉·玛莲是我们的一片家园
Lili Marlene was a piece of our home.
莉莉·玛莲在英国人中也变得同样流行
Lili Marlene became equally
popular with the British.
(男人用英语唱 "莉莉·玛莲")
(men sing "Lili Marlene" in English)
我们总是和家里保持联♥系♥
We were always in touch with home.
我们听到了新闻,当然,
我们听到了对手的新闻...
We heard the news and, of course,
we heard the opposition's news...
目睹了"军营门口灯柱下"(发生的事)
witness "Underneath the lamppost
by the barrack gate".
♪ 为了你, 莉莉·玛莲
♪ For you, Lili Marlene
♪ 我自己的莉莉·玛莲
♪ My own Lili Marlene
对英国人来说,家的安慰近在咫尺,就在开罗,
For the British, home
comforts were close at hand in Cairo,
它的酒吧,集市,还有,恩...其他消遣
正是少量休假的理想地方
just the place for a spot of leave with its
bars, bazaars and, um... other distractions.
他们会拿走你的钱,是的
They used to take your money,yes.
我应该说他们中的75%
I should say 75% of them
如果他们能找到另一个女人,
他们就会和她上♥床♥
if they could find another woman,
they'd have her.
这真的很奇怪
(Durrell) It really was weird
当你想到整个欧洲都熄灭灯火
并陷入一片黑暗
when you think of the whole of Europe
blacked out and in darkness.
处于绝望之中,你知道?
ln despair, you know?
在开罗,灯火辉煌,你跟人打电♥话♥,
ln Cairo, seething with light,
you rang up people,
你出去吃晚饭,你洗个