二战全史（1973）

The World At War S01E22

Part 1 June 6, 2022, 8:35 a.m.

(♪ 吹奏喇叭)
(♪ fanfare)
1945年5月8日
May 8 1945.
V-E日
V-E Day.
欧洲胜利日
Victory in Europe.
经过几年的战斗之后,(人们)
迸发出一股欢乐和解脱(的情绪)
After years of struggle,
an explosion of joy and of relief.
(♪ "布朗妈妈之舞"
哈里斯·维斯顿和伯特·李)
(♪ "Knees Up Mother Brown"
by Harris Weston and Bert Lee)
(英国国歌♥ "上帝保佑吾王")
♪ 送给他胜利
♪ Send him victorious
♪ 欢乐和光荣
♪ Happy and glorious
♪ 长久统治我们...
♪ Long to reign over us...
(丘吉尔)我们可以允许自己(享受)短暂的喜悦
(Churchill) We may allow ourselves
a brief period of rejoicing.
但让我们片刻也别忘了在前方
(等着我们)的艰苦工作和努力
But let us not forget for a moment
the toils and efforts that lie ahead.
仍然还有日本(在负隅顽抗)
There was still Japan.
东京,1942年12月7日正午前
Tokyo, just before midday
on 7 December 1942.
(♪ 日本国歌♥)
(♪ Japanese national anthem)
日本人♥民♥庆祝了他们的帝国海军
在珍珠港消灭美国舰队的一周年纪念日
The Japanese people observed the first
anniversary of their imperial navy's destruction
of the American fleet at Pearl Harbour.
自从他们得知他们那8000万人口的国家
lt was one year since they learned
that their nation of 80 million
与总人口超过2亿的美国人和
英国人开战已经过去一年了
had engaged the combined might of over
200 million Americans and British.
许多人曾严肃地,甚至担心地
收听了攻击珍珠港的新闻
Many had heard the news of the Pearl Harbour
attack soberly,even apprehensively.
但是接下来胜利一场接着一场...
香港,马来亚,新加坡
But then came victory after victory...
Hong Kong, Malaya, Singapore.
早先的恐惧消失在狂喜之中
Earlier fears were lost in exultation.
首相东条英机将军,
Prime Minister General Hideki Tojo,
那些把日本变成一个侵略性的
集权国家的军国主义分子的代表,
representative of the militarists who had made
Japan into an aggressive totalitarian state,
已带领他的国人投入这场战争
had led his countrymen into the war.
现在他向他们保证取得最终的胜利
Now he promised them final victory.
国家将打完这次战争的最后一轮(战斗)
The nation will complete
the final round of this conflict.
为了打倒美国和英国
我们将战斗到最后一天
To overthrow America and Britain
we will fight until the last day.
到那时我们将在大东亚地区消灭我们的敌人
Then in the Greater Asian area we shall
accomplish the destruction of our enemies.
现在,在(战争)第二年的开始,
Now, at the start of the second year,
我本人和国家都想起了前线的战士们,
both myself and the nation
think about the men in the front line,
我要再次表达取得最终胜利的决心
and once again I express
determination for final victory.
战争工作必须被推进下去
而斗争也要继续进行
War work must be pushed on
and the struggle carried forward.
在这时,日本不是一个工业巨人
At this time,Japan was
not an industrial giant.
但在战争的这第一年里,
But in this first year of war,
他们已看到了日本士兵的精神力量和纪律
they had seen the Japanese soldiers'
spiritual strength and discipline
战胜了在物质上更强大
但士气较差的美国人和英国人
prevail over the materially stronger
but morally inferior Americans and British.
在国土防线上同样的献身精神
会令日本新赢取的帝国(领土)坚不可摧
The same dedication on the home front would
make Japan's newly won empire unassailable.
(♪ 吹奏喇叭)
(♪ fanfare)
对一些见多识广的日本人来说,
For some well-informed Japanese,
偷袭珍珠港是一次令人震惊的赌博
the Pearl Harbour attack
had been an astonishing gamble.
如同往常我在大约九点上班
每个人都在那里
l came to work as usual about nine
o'clock and everybody was there.
有武道的音乐在播放
There was martial music playing
而当我看到报纸的号♥外我几乎要跌倒了
and I almost fell over
when I saw the newspaper extra
上面说天♥皇♥已经向美国和英国宣战
saying that the emperor had declared war
on United States and Great Britain.
我觉得马路上的人也同样会有
这种被完全大吃一惊的感觉
l think the man on the street had the same
feeling of being taken by complete surprise.
但现在,宣传影片能够描写兴高采烈的
日本飞行员猛轰位于珍珠港的美国舰队
But now, propaganda film could portray jubilant Japanese
aviators smashing the American fleet at Pearl Harbour.
怀疑者信服了
Doubters were persuaded.
新闻片强调(曾经)傲慢的白人的恭顺
Newsreels emphasised the humbling
of the arrogant whites.
日本人相信他们自己的士兵总是战斗到死
The Japanese believed that their own
soldiers always fought to the death.
白人俘虏被比他们矮许多的日本人
压往不名誉的战俘营的场景
The sight of white prisoners dwarfing the Japanese
who herded them into dishonourable captivity
更帮助他们对自己的无敌确信无疑
helped convince them
of their own invincibility.
日本在取胜每天我们都从电台上
听到所有那些胜利(的消息)
Japan was winning and every day we
heard over the radio all the victories.
整个国家都非常兴奋
And the whole nation was very excited.
当我听到关于战争爆发的新闻时
我当时的想法是,"将会发生什么呢?"
And the thought I had at the time when I heard
the news about the war was,"What's going to happen?"
但紧接着电台上就整天播放所有那些胜利
(的消息)和狂热的战争歌♥曲和进行曲...
But immediately all the victories and big war
songs and marches over the radio all day long...
所以我们...十分兴奋
而这几乎就象是一个节日
So we are... quite excited
and it was almost like a festival.
战争已经伴随日本人长达十年
War had been with the Japanese
people for ten years.
自从1931年以来,他们的军队就一直
在中国打一场无尽的,令人沮丧的战争
Since 1931, their armies had been fighting
an endless, frustrating war in China.
太平洋的胜利来得又快又彻底
Victory in the Pacific
had been quick and complete.
这里终于有些什么东西可以庆祝了
Here at last was something to celebrate.
在偷袭珍珠港的数年前,
For years before Pearl Harbour,
在每个日本城市都举♥行♥过模拟空袭演习
there had been mock air-raid drills
in every Japanese city.
这倒不是针对中国那几乎就
不存在的空军的预防措施,
Not a precaution against China's
almost nonexistent air force,
而是把尚武的激♥情♥保持在高点的方法的一部分
but part of the process of keeping
war-like emotion at a high pitch.
所有人都参加
All took part.
街坊协会..."隣組"...
Neighbourhood Associations...
the Tonarigumi...
确保天♥皇♥在国内的每个臣民都参与遥远的战争
ensured that every one of the emperor's subjects
at home was involved in the distant war.
当时街坊协会控制了我们的全部生活
The Neighbourhood Associations
controlled all our life at that time.
来自政♥府♥的所有指示都通过"隣組"传达,
All the instructions from the government
were through the Tonarigumi,
所以我们必须服从它
so we had to obey it.
我们也依赖"隣組"
And we relied upon the Tonarigumi.
在每个街坊里,在学校里,在运动场和街道上,
ln every neighbourhood,in schools,
in playing fields and on the streets,
普通公民都爱国地让他们自己甘心
服从于思想和行为的严密管控
ordinary citizens patriotically submitted
themselves to regimentation of thought and act.
爱国的美德从婴儿时期就开始灌输
The inculcation of patriotic
virtues began in infancy.
从他们记事起,孩子们就全身心准备为
一个比他们自身更重要的理由而献身...
From their earliest days,children prepared mind
and body to serve a cause greater than themselves...
家族,国家,
the family, the nation,
天♥皇♥
the emperor.
如果国家处于战争中,孩子们也不得不为此作好准备
And if the nation was at war,
children had to be ready for that, too.
当(他们)从学校毕业,
When school was over,
在帝国陆军,海军,空军中为他们的国家服役
就将是他们的职责和他们的特权
it would be their duty and their privilege to serve their
country in the imperial forces on land, on sea,in the air.
高中学生做一天空军(飞行员)
High-school pupils
joined the air force for a day.
如果他们幸运的话,
lf they were lucky,
他们不用等太久就会有机会
作为成年人参加(空军)
they would have the chance
to join as adults before too long.
当然,日本人从摇篮到坟墓就一直
被教育(这么)三四个最重要的事实...
Of course,the Japanese were brought up in three
or four cardinal truths from cradle to grave...
(那就是)天♥皇♥是神圣的,国家是不可战胜的,
that the emperor was divine,
the country was invincible,
它是由...一个神选的种族组成的
and it consisted of...a chosen race.
就像这些东西,
Things like these,
从幼儿园起就被喋喋不休地灌入日本人的脑中
which were drummed into the Japanese
mind from kindergarten up.