二战全史（1973）

The World At War S01E03

Part 4 June 6, 2022, 8:32 a.m.

称有近50个德国陆军师正在行动...
that nearly 50 Wehrmacht divisions
were on the move...
法国人选择对这些报告置若罔闻
reports which the French
chose to ignore.
他们甚至获悉了进攻日期,
但仍无所作为
They even learned the date
of the attack, but still did nothing.
就如甘末林所说的,
他们更喜欢"等待大事(发生)"
As Gamelin put it,
they preferred "to await events".
他们的等待几乎要结束了
Their waiting was almost over.
1940年5月上午5点30分准
5:30am precisely, May 10, 1940.
德国的进攻以从空中入侵中立的荷兰
的方式拉开了壮观的帷幕
The German offensive began spectacularly enough
with the invasion of neutral Holland from the air.
他们的目标: 跨越宽阔
的马斯河河口的几座大桥
Their target: the bridges
over the broad Meuse estuary.
如果它们能在盟军部队到达前被占领,
If they could be captured
before the Allied troops reached them,
那荷兰就将被一分为二
then Holland would be cut in two.
德国人行动的大胆惊呆了荷兰
The boldness of the German move
stunned the Dutch.
他们的士兵很快成批投降
Their soldiers were soon
surrendering in droves.
在更南面的比利时,
Further south in Belgium,
德国人在第一天取得了
另一个引人注目的胜利
the Germans had another
spectacular success that first day...
夺取艾本-艾玛尔要塞,
the capture of Eben-Emael,
世界上最坚固的堡垒
和甘末林防线上的关键
the strongest fort in the world
and the linchpin of Gamelin's line.
那条防线在任何盟军部队到达前已被突破
That line had been breached
before any Allied troops arrived.
甘末林坚持将他的部队
向北开进比利时和荷兰
Gamelin persisted in moving his armies
north into Belgium and Holland.
他最好的40个师,
几乎是他全部军力的一半
40 of his best divisions,
almost half his total strength,
其中包括所有的英国远征军,
including all of the British
expeditionary force,
他们正直接走进希♥特♥勒♥和他的将军们
为他们设置好的陷阱
and they were moving straight into the trap
Hitler and his generals had set for them.
不久部队就遇到了第一批
可怜的,排成散列的难民
It wasn't long before the troops were passing
the first pitiful, straggling lines of refugees.
这些难民队列将牵制住盟军增援,
Lines that were to hamper
the Allied reinforcements,
正如德国人计划得那样
just as the Germans had planned.
德方的好主意是速度,
The great idea on the Germans' part
was speed,
他们在军队的前面派出了
and they sent ahead of the army
骑着摩托车,戴着警棍和白手套的(军事)警♥察♥
policemen with truncheons and white
gloves who went on motorbicycles.
他们都带着《米其林指南》法国篇,
They all had their Michelin Guide
for France,
他们清楚地知道路在哪里
they knew exactly
where the roads were.
德国装甲部队蜂涌越过边境开进卢森堡
The German panzers were pouring over
the border into Luxembourg.
他们的队列绵延100英里,
Their column stretched 100 miles,
对任何轰炸机而言,
都是一个最好的目标
presenting a prime target
to any would-be bomber,
但在第一天盟军的空军活动忙于
支援英国人和法国人向北开进比利时
but Allied air activity that first day was busy
supporting the British and French move north into Belgium.
德国空军正在攻击停在地面上的盟军飞机
The Luftwaffe were striking
at Allied aeroplanes on the ground.
在靠近兰斯的一个皇家空军基地,
飞机整齐地排成行
At one RAF base near Reims,
the planes lined up in neat rows
在攻击的头几分钟里就被摧毁
were destroyed
in the opening minutes of the attack.
在第一天有50个英国和法国的机场被攻击
50 British and French airfields
were attacked that first day
损失惨重
and the losses were heavy.
但当盟军空军将领还在清点损失时,
But while Allied air chiefs
were counting their losses,
(德国)装甲部队已经就要
穿过不可穿越的阿登森林
the panzers had just about penetrated
the impenetrable Ardennes
并准备在色当进攻沿马斯河
防守的较弱的法国守备部队了
and were set to fall upon the weak French
garrisons along the Meuse here at Sedan.
(德国)装甲部队在攻势开始后
的第三天傍晚抵达色当,
The panzers reached Sedan
late on the third day of the offensive,
尽管甘末林预计
although Gamelin had calculated
他们在第九天前不可能到达这里
they couldn't possibly be here
before the ninth day.
横跨马斯河的所有桥梁
都在5月12日被法国人炸毁...
All the bridges over the Meuse were
blown up by the French on May 12th...
只有一座除外
all except one.
这座距色当北面差不多40英里
的老坝被留了下来
This old weir some 40 miles
north of Sedan had been left
为的是害怕降低水位太多
会使(马斯)河能被涉水而过
for fear of lowering the water level
so much that the river could be forded.
但法国人也让此坝处于
相对无人防守的状态,
But the French also left it
relatively unguarded,
就如一位(德国)装甲指挥官,
欧文·隆美尔很快就发现的那样
as one panzer commander,
Erwin Rommel, soon found out.
第二天上午德国空军的资源
被投入色当上空的行动
Next morning the Luftwaffe's resources
were hurled into action above Sedan.
甘末林仍然拒绝相信不用再过个三四天
德国人就能跨过马斯河
Gamelin still refused to believe the Germans could
cross of the Meuse before another three or four days.
希♥特♥勒♥不愿意等那么久
Hitler was unwilling to wait that long.
他是在按1940年的时间表行事,
而不是1914年的
He was working to the timetable
of 1940, not 1914.
更要命的是,法国将军们
仍顽固地把他们的眼光固定在
What's more, the French generals
still had their eyes firmly fixed
发生在比利时和荷兰的事情上
on what was happening
in Belgium and Holland.
在马斯河西岸有些法国重炮,
There were big French guns
on the west bank of the Meuse,
但他们限制他们的开火次数
以防在战斗正式开始前就打光弹♥药♥
but they limited their firing in case they ran out
of ammunition before the battle proper began.
所以德国装甲部队能把法国碉堡逐一炸毁
So the German panzers were able to pick
off the French pillboxes one by one.
很快数以千计的法国炮手
就已开始落荒而逃
Soon thousands of French gunners
had taken to their heels.
就象德国轰炸是突然开始的那样,
它突然停了下来
As suddenly as it had started,
the German bombardment stopped.
似乎仍在进行一次冬季战争演习,
As though still performing
one of their winter war games,
德国步兵准备跨越马斯河
the German infantrymen
prepared to cross the Meuse.
到了5月13日,仍仅仅只是进攻
开始后的第四天,的深夜
By midnight on May 13,
still only day four of the offensive,
不仅大批德国步兵已经越过马斯河,
not only were German infantrymen
across the Meuse in force,
德国工兵也在河上架桥
but German sappers
were bridging the river
为装甲部队渡河做准备
and making ready
for the panzers to cross.
在5月13日的那个夜晚,
That night of May 13,
英国远征军,远在北面的比利时境内,
the British expeditionary force,
far to the north in Belgium,
仍未打过什么象样的仗,
had still not seen serious fighting,
但战斗的结果实际上现在已经注定
yet the battle was now
virtually decided.
法国最高指挥部的士气很快就崩溃了
(Beaufre) The morale of the French
High Command was very quickly broken.
当我们碰巧知道在色当
的战线已经被突破时,
When we happened to know that the front
had been broken through at Sedan,
那感觉就是一切都完了
the feeling was that
everything was lost.
我看到指挥东北前线的乔治将军,
I saw General Georges,
who was commanding the northeast front,
我看见他啜泣着说,
I saw him sobbing and saying,
"有一些...缺陷,"
"There has been some... deficiencies,"
然后他跌坐在一把椅子上并抽噎起来
and he fell in a chair and sobbed.
法国的反击即使有
也组织得很糟糕
French counterattacks,when happened,
were poorly organised
而且很少有毅力坚持到底
and seldom pressed home
with any persistence.
坦克和坦克单挑的话,
法国人是德国人的对手,
Tank for tank, the French
were a match for the Germans,
但(德国)装甲部队总是集体作战
but the panzers always fought