二战全史（1973）

The World At War S01E16

Part 4 June 6, 2022, 8:34 a.m.

Nazi and non-Nazi both lost some illusions
and drew a little closer together.
逃生舱门已经被栓上了
The escape hatches had been bolted.
这将是一场战斗到底的全面战争
This was to be a total war,
fought to the finish.
普遍的感觉是,我们什么也做不了
(Bielenberg) The general feeling was,
well, we can do nothing.
我们做什么都无济于事
我们最好坚持到底
lt doesn't matter what we do.
We'd better stick it out.
我记得,忍♥耐是挂在每个人嘴边的那个词
Ausharren was the word,
l remember, on everyone's lips.
别无其他选择我们必须血战到底
There's no alternative.
We've got to fight to the bitter end.
而戈培尔在他的宣传中
把这一点用到了极致
And this Goebbels used to the uttermost
in his propaganda.
你想要全面战争吗?
斯大林格勒(战役结束)的两周后,
Two weeks after Stalingrad,
戈培尔使一群经过挑选的纳粹
观众达到最后一次大规模狂热
Goebbels brought a picked
Nazi audience to a last mass frenzy.
你们是否决心跟随元首...
并无论付出多大代价
为胜利而战?
这是他最辉煌的一刻,宣告进行全面战争
lt was his supreme moment,
the proclaiming of total war
并激发出这个国家潜藏的能量
and the invoking
of the nation's hidden power.
让我们的战斗口号♥是...
现在,民众们,起来...
...暴风雨迸发出来!
"现在,民众们,起来
暴风雨,迸发出来!"
"Now, folk, rise up
and storm, break loose."
它们是1812年全国起义反对拿破仑时的号♥令
They were the words of 1812,of the
national uprising against Napoleon.
它们现在(听起来)很空洞
They were empty now.
(♪ 短曲)
(♪ fanfare)
在1943年听音乐比听新闻要更好一些
ln 1943 it was better
listening to music than to news.
这是全面战争和在所有战线上撤退(的一年)
lt was total war
and retreat on all fronts.
全面战争意味着
甚至是德国妇女也必须工作
Total war meant that even
German women must work.
这带来了其辛酸的幽默
lt brought its own sour humour.
有一个口号♥,"享受战争和平将是可怕的"
(Tucking) There was a slogan,
"Do enjoy war. Peace will be dreadful."
在被招募去矿井和工厂工作
的男孩中有一种新的平等
There was a new sort of equality among the boys
drafted to the mines and factories.
"希♥特♥勒♥青年团"被动员起来
参加生产并最终参加战斗
The Hitler Youth was mobilised into
production and eventually into battle.
处于围攻之下,人们之间的隔阂消失了
正如它们在伦敦大轰炸中消失了一样
Under siege,the barriers between people crumbled
as they had crumbled in the London Blitz.
人们想要挤在一起,唱歌♥并遗忘
People wanted to huddle together,
to sing and forget.
到了早晨,他们可能死去
By the morning, they might be dead.
在白天美国轰炸机群在帝国上空出没
By day the American bomber fleets
ranged over the Reich.
在晚上则来了英国人
At night came the British.
在防空洞里人们等待黎明
ln the shelters
the people waited for dawn
并想知道他们的城市是否仍然在那里
and wondered if their cities
would still be there.
当我们第一次挨炸时,我们被震惊了
(Tucking) When we had the first bombs,
we were shocked.
我们看到所有的天空被火光映亮
We saw all the sky
lighted up from the fire.
这是一个巨大的和可怕的场景
lt was an enormous and a dreadful sight.
当我们看到如此多的居民区
被摧毁的时候我们非常愤怒
We were very angry when we saw that
so many residential areas were destroyed.
只剩下如此少的人以至于
每一个有力气的人都在灭火
There were so few men left that everybody
who had the strength was firefighting.
一座接一座德国城市被火风暴烧成灰烬
One by one the German cities
were incinerated by firestorms.
对汉堡十天的空袭造成40,000人死亡
Ten days' raids on Hamburg
left 40,000 dead.
戈培尔注意到,"西部的人♥民♥正逐渐开始失去勇气"
Goebbels noted, "The people in the west
are gradually beginning to lose courage."
"象那样的苦难是很难承受的."
"Hell like that is hard to bear."
我认为轰炸并没有一个人会以为产生的那种效果
(Bielenberg) I think that the bombing
hadn't the effect one would have thought.
它有使人们团结起来的作用
lt had the effect
of bringing people together.
如果你们全都挨同样的炸♥弹♥,
lf you were all under the same bombs,
你的邻居是不是一个纳粹
或是干什么的就不再重要
it didn't matter whether your neighbour
was a Nazi or what they were.
为了避免看到废墟,
To avoid seeing the ruins,
希♥特♥勒♥对柏林罕见的视察
被安排在夜里进行
Hitler's rare visits to Berlin
were made by night.
但为了他的生日旗帜仍被命令(竖立起来)
And yet banners were ordered
for his birthday.
它们写道,"我们的墙破碎了,
但我们的心没有"
They read, "Our walls have broken,
but not our hearts."
希♥特♥勒♥越来越失去他的现实感
(Junge) Hitler lost more and more
his sense of reality.
他从来,从来没有那种决心那就是他必须
用他自己的眼睛来看看战争是什么样子的
He never, never had the will that he must
see with his own eyes what the war was.
我们没有来自外界的信息
We had no information from outside
所以我有一种生活在一个修道院,
一个集中营里的感觉,
and so I had the feeling to live in
a monastery,in a concentration camp.
一个将军有一次说,
"我感觉就象待在一个集中营里"
One of the generals once said,
"l feel like a concentration camp."
"我们都被关在里面
而我们全都使用同样的说法"
"We are included and we
all use the same phrases."
"我们全都想同样的事情
我们全都听到同样的东西"
"We are all thinking the same.
We are all hearing the same."
"我们的想法和我们的感觉
全都被希♥特♥勒♥所控制着"
"We are all led in our thoughts
and our feelings by Hitler."
我们全都在一出戏剧里演出,
每个人都是他的角色
We all were playing in a play,
each his role
而他是唯一一个知道剧本的人.
and he was the only one
who knew the script.
他让我们所有人扮演我们
的角色并说我们的台词
He made us all do our play
and speak our text.
没有其他人知道它会怎么收场
Nobody else knew how it would end.
无论是希♥特♥勒♥还是戈林还是希姆莱
都未在公众场合露面只有戈培尔
Neither Hitler nor Göring nor Himmler
were seen in public. Only Goebbels.
每当有一次非常猛烈的轰炸,
Whenever there was
a very heavy bombing,
戈培尔站在集市那里发表他的演讲
Goebbels stood there on the marketplace
and held his speeches
并试图说忍♥耐
and tried to say ausharren.
我个人还是很尊敬(戈培尔的),
因为(他的演讲)有一种鼓舞人心的感觉
l personally had respect,because
there was a sort of inspiring.
你有点像是处于一种恍惚之中
You were sort of in a trance.
(♪ "纽伦堡的名歌♥手" - 瓦格纳)
(♪ "The Mastersingers of Nuremberg"...Wagner)
一个紧张的,精疲力尽的国家
仍能沉湎于音乐之中
A strained, exhausted nation
could still lose itself in music.
交响乐团仍能给予德国艺术
的传统中伟大和真实的(音乐)
The orchestras still gave what was great
and true in the tradition of German art.
在画廊中只有纳粹绘画,
纳粹雕塑那空洞的扭曲表情
ln the galleries there was only the empty
grimacing of Nazi painting, Nazi sculpture.
真正雅利安人的样本假笑着和皱着眉,
True Aryan models simpered and scowled,
他们的面容被精心设计
以描绘胜利的北欧(日耳曼)种族
their features carefully designed
to portray the victorious Nordic race.
种族是希姆莱和党卫队的绝对疆域
Race was the empire
of Himmler and the SS.
但现在党卫队自己就是一个帝国
(empire同时有疆域和帝国之意)
But now the SS was itself an empire.
希姆莱,前养鸡场农场主,
统治着死亡营和集中营
Himmler, the ex-chicken-farmer,ruled
the death camps and the concentration camps.
党卫队有它自己的学校,工厂和法庭
The SS had its own schools
and factories and courts.
它管理着被占领的东部地区巨大的大♥片♥土地
lt administered huge tracts
of the occupied east.
它是德国统治欧洲的工具它甚至是一支军队
lt was the instrument of German dominion
over Europe. lt was even an army.
(国防军)将领们对武装党卫队师团
的几十万精英部队没有什么控制权
The generals had little control over the hundreds
of thousands of elite troops in the Waffen-SS division.
进入党卫队培训学校的是从被占领国家
抽选的有着雅利安(种族)样貌的志愿者,
lnto the SS training schools were drawn
Aryan-looking volunteers from the occupied countries,
因为这个党卫队帝国将不仅
是德国的而且是欧洲的
for the SS state was to be
not merely German but European.