二战全史（1973）

The World At War S01E08

Part 4 June 6, 2022, 8:33 a.m.

到一杯水用来洗澡和刮脸
We were rationed at one stage there on
a cup of water a day to bath and shave.
经常发生的事情是
有些班组收集起他们的配给,
What often happened was
the sections collected their ration,
把水倒进一个头盔里
每个人就用这水来刮脸
put it into a helmet
and each would shave out of that.
最重要的是,天很热
Above all, it was hot.
非常,非常,非常热
Very, very, very hot.
天是如此之热以至于你能
在挡泥板上煮熟一个鸡蛋
It was so hot you could fry
an egg on the mudguard.
这确实是真的
你可以打一个鸡蛋在外面
lt's literally true.
You could break an egg on the outside.
外表是如此之烫这鸡蛋会发出咝咝声
lt was so hot it would sizzle.
苍蝇或许是沙漠战士的最大祸害...
The fly was perhaps the desert
soldier's greatest scourge...
不只是种讨厌虫还是一种疾病的携带者
not just as a nuisance
but as a carrier of disease.
至于肆虐哪一方,苍蝇当然是不偏不倚的
The flies were indifferent,of course,
as to which side they plagued.
一度还有谁打死苍蝇最多的比赛
Once there were competitions
as to who killed the most flies.
以死人为食的苍蝇变得如此之肥
The flies were that fattened
with living on the dead
以至于任何时候你打死它们,
that any time you killed them,
那股味道就钻进你体内
导致胃部不适
the smell got into you
and caused stomach upsets.
我们从师指挥部接到命令
停止这种打死苍蝇的活动
And we had orders from division headquarters
to cut out this business of killing the flies.
我们只能让它们去了
We just had to let them go.
我想一只苍蝇一年里
会生下9百万只小苍蝇
(Westphal) I think one fly has,
within one year, nine million children.
这里偶尔也有蝎子和蝰蛇
There was, too,
the occasional scorpion and viper.
当风吹过沙土和尘埃吹得到处都是
And when the wind blew,
the sand and dust got in everywhere.
细微的尘埃还把一切东西都堵住
The fine dust used to clog up everything.
化油器里的喷口会堵塞住
The jets would clog up
in the carburettors.
你的手表会停走
Your watches would stop.
我们的肠子出了明显的问题它会
因为沙子穿过而产生非常严重的腹泻
We had clear problems with our intestines that
gave a form of diarrhoea which was very severe
because of the sand passing through.
比方说,你不得不从你的营房♥去厕所,
You had, for instance,to go from
your quarters to the latrine,
不夸张地说你必须带个
行军指南针才能去
and you had literally to do it
with a march compass.
发生过几次士兵忘了带他们的
行军指南针结果就没回来的事情
There are cases where soldiers did not return
when they had forgotten their march compass.
在沙暴中,当然,战斗就停下来,
ln the sandstorm, of course,
the fighting stopped,
一开始我们还挺喜欢(不用再战斗)
which was enjoyed at the beginning.
然后三天之后你想:
Then after three days you think:
"最好这沙暴停下来战斗能再次开始"
"Better the sandstorm stops
and the fighting starts again."
里奇计划在5月底用这种新式的美制
格兰特式坦克(M3中型坦克)发动一次攻势
Ritchie planned an offensive for the end
of May with this new Grant tanks from America.
但隆美尔,像往常一样,首先发动进攻
But Rommel, as usual, got in first.
里奇没有从以前的错误中学到什么教训
Ritchie had learnt little
from previous mistakes.
象意大利人一样,他建造了一系列
的筑垒营地并埋了很多地雷
Like the ltalians, he had set up a series
of fortified camps and laid mines galore.
但就象奥康纳对意大利人做得那样
But just as O'Connor had
done with the ltalians
隆美尔只是从开阔的侧翼绕了过去
Rommel simply went round
the open flank.
我们在南面,就在比尔-哈希姆的前面
We were down south,
just in front of Bir Hakeim
在那个早晨,我们看到尘土
在德国佬所在的地方扬起
and, during the morning, we saw
this dust going up from where Jerry was.
他正从(英国)第七装甲师的防区冲上来
He was coming up through
where the Seventh Armoured Div were.
就象一只狐狸闯入了鸡窝...
And it was like a fox in a hen coop...
每个人都四处奔散
everybody dashing about
all over the place.
里奇的新坦克(格兰特式)
被证明令人失望
Ritchie's new tanks
were proving a disappointment.
又一次,英国坦克被智取了
Once again, the British armour
was out-manoeuvred.
卡扎拉会战是属于隆美尔的
The Battle of Gazala was Rommel's.
通向去年夏天逃过隆美尔
手心的奖赏的道路畅通了,
The way was open to the prize that had
eluded Rommel the previous summer,
这个奖赏是丘吉尔决心永远
不让他得到的...托布鲁克
the prize that Churchill, for one, had
determined ever to deny him... Tobruk.
托布鲁克的防御工事被忽视了
Tobruk's fortifications
had been neglected.
它们不再象去年夏天那样难以对付
They were no longer as formidable
as they had been the previous summer.
6月27日德国国防军最高司令部宣布
27 Juni. Das Oberkommando
der Wehrmacht gibt bekannt.
柏林电台广播了
托布鲁克投降的新闻
Berlin Radio broadcast
news of Tobruk's surrender.
对丘吉尔来说
这是一个特别黑暗的时刻
For Churchill
it was a particularly dark moment.
对隆美尔来说,是他职业生涯的顶峰,
For Rommel, the peak of his career,
而感激的元首擢升他为(德国陆军)元帅
and a grateful Führer
made him field marshal.
英国人现在撤入埃及,
比以往任何时候撤得还远
The British now fell back into Egypt,
further than ever before.
我从没看到过这种混乱
看上去就象你永远也无法挽回局势了
I've never seen such chaos. It looked
you will never be able to save the situation.
我从没见过一条沙漠道路
会塞满每一种车辆,
l've never seen a desert road
crammed with every sort of vehicle,
每一支部队都杂乱无章地混在一起
every unit muddled up higgledy-piggledy.
没人知道发生了什么...
No one knew what was going on and...
幸运的是那时候我们的空军要比敌人的强,
Luckily our air force was stronger
than the enemy's that time,
否则我想我们已经溃败了
otherwise I think
we would have been routed.
这种绝望的状态必须被掩盖起来,
The state of despair
had to be masked,
而它被一种典型的英国方式
掩盖起来...那就是无动于衷
and it was masked in a typically
British way... by nonchalance.
当(人们)预计隆美尔会在那天晚上到达开罗,
When Rommel was expected in Cairo
that evening,
(劳伦斯·杜雷尔英国诗人小说家外交官)
基恩爵士,我的大使,
Lord Killearn, my ambassador,
(劳伦斯·杜雷尔英国诗人小说家外交官)
立刻在穆♥罕♥默♥德♥·阿里俱乐部举♥行♥了一个80人的晚宴
instantly gave a dinner for 80 people
at the Mohammed Ali Club
并说,"当他下来的时候,
他会知道在哪里找到我们"
and said, "When he comes down,
he'll know where to find us."
经过迈尔萨-马特鲁,经过马腾-巴古什,
经过福卡,经过达巴,
Past Mersa Matruh, past Maaten
Bagush, past Fuka, past Daba,
英国人(不断)后退,
直到,在1942年6月30日,
the British fell back,
until, on June 30, 1942,
他们到达了一个离亚历山大港
只有60英里的一个铁路小站...
they reached a railway halt
just 60 miles from Alexandria...
阿尔-阿♥拉♥曼
El Alamein.
争夺埃及的决定性战役应该在这里,阿尔-阿♥拉♥曼打响,
并不是奥金莱克的偶然选择
lt was no chance choice of Auchinleck's that the decisive
battle for Egypt should be fought here at El Alamein.
这一片的沙漠和过去两年里
交过战的其他沙漠不一样
This bit of desert was not like any other over which
the war had been fought these last two years.
一如往常,海在北面,
As always, the sea was to the north,
但是,这里,就在内陆40英里的地方,
是另一片海...
but, here, just 40 miles inland,
was another sea...
一片下陷的流沙和盐沼的海洋,
a sunken sea of quicksand
and salt marsh,
坦克无法通行
impassable to tanks.
卡塔拉洼地
The Qattara Depression.
迄今为止沙漠战的流畅战略
来源于总是有一个开阔的侧翼
Until now the fluid strategy of desert warfare
had sprung from there being always an open flank.
但在阿♥拉♥曼,隆美尔将不得不
想出一些不同的办法
But at Alamein, Rommel would have
to think of something different.
奥金莱克为埃及的最后之战作了准备,
Auchinleck prepared
for the final battle for Egypt,
因为,在托布鲁克(陷落)之后,
他已经撤掉了里奇
for, after Tobruk,he had sacked Ritchie