二战全史（1973）

The World At War S01E16

Part 3 June 6, 2022, 8:34 a.m.

all his energy behind these ideas
并非常成功地实行了它们
and put them through
with very much success.
(汉斯·凯尔军备部计划局局长 1943-45)
他不知道在过去事情是如何被完成的
He didn't know how things
had been done in the past.
他与之完全没有任何关系,
He hadn't anything to do with it,
所以他不知道什么是不可能的
和什么是可能的,
so he didn't know what was impossible
and what was possible,
有时候他在做不可能的
事情方面也取得了成功
and he succeeded sometimes
in doing the impossible, too.
对每一个没有在我们的专♥制♥体制中生活过的人来说
听到(在这样的体制中也)很难完成命令是令人震惊的
(Speer) lt is astounding for everybody who didn't
live in our authoritarian system to hear that
it was difficult to get through with orders.
但这(的确)很难因为德国被分成许多地区,32个地区
But it was difficult because Germany was
divided into many districts, 32 districts.
每个地区的领导是一位地方长官
At the head of every district
was a Gauleiter.
他是个政♥治♥强人并在他的辖区有绝对权力
He was strong political man
and had absolute power in his district.
他只服从于希♥特♥勒♥本人
He was only subordinated
to Hitler himself.
所以当我的命令让一位地方长官不快时,
So when my orders didn't please
one of the Gauleiters,
他们可能就不执行
possibly they weren't carried out.
坦克生产显示了即使是施佩尔
也如何不能总是得偿所愿
Tank production showed how even
Speer failed to get all of his way.
他不能在希♥特♥勒♥选择的政♥府♥样式中
切断相互竞争的领导阶层
He could not slice through the competing hierarchies
in Hitler's chosen style of government.
有太多种类的坦克
坦克总数却太少
There were too many types of tanks.
Too few tanks in all.
太多口径的火炮和不同尺寸的弹♥药♥
Too many calibres of gun
and different sizes of ammunition.
希♥特♥勒♥认为在(解决)这些问题方面他要远更出色
(Speer) Hitler thought he was
far superior to such problems
对其他人来说要反复讨论上几周的事情
and what for others would have been
discussions of weeks and weeks
对他来说只要一会儿工夫就能做出决定
for him was a decision
of just a fraction of a minute.
当然,还有一个变化
Of course, there was a change, too.
你永远不能说一个人会一成不变,
One can never say
that a man is always the same person,
而希♥特♥勒♥在从42到43年(这段时间里)变了很多
and Hitler changed a lot
from '42 to '43.
1943年他越来越确信
ln '43 he was more and more convinced
他再也不需要任何人的建议
that he didn't need
any more advice of anybody
而他在不听从(建议)的
情况下自己做出决定
and he made the decisions
by himself without listening.
希♥特♥勒♥把越来越多的时间花在狼穴,
Hitler spent more and more
time at the Wolf's Lair,
他位于拉斯腾堡(现属波兰肯特申),
东普鲁士森林里那阴郁,遥远的营地
his melancholy, remote encampment at
Rastenburg in the East Prussian forest.
他周围的那些人都是奉承谄媚的(家伙)
Those around him were obsequious.
更出色的顾问失去了联♥系♥
The better advisers lost touch.
希♥特♥勒♥的私人党卫队副官
是理查德·舒尔茨-柯森斯
Hitler's personal SS adjutant
was Richard Schulze-Kossens.
几乎所有的部长都驻扎在柏林
(Schulze-Kossens) Nearly all ministers
were stationed at Berlin
他们中的一些人在总部有联络官
and some of them had contact officers
in the headquarters.
只有里宾特洛甫,希姆莱有时候
还有戈林有他们自己的总部,
Only Ribbentrop, Himmler and sometimes
Göring had their own headquarters,
离我们的总部不是太远
not so far from our headquarters.
施佩尔非常频繁地来到总部
Speer was very often in the headquarters
因为他的部(军备部)对战争来说非常重要
because his ministry
was very important for the war.
只有(马丁·)鲍曼 (纳粹党秘♥书♥长♥,
希♥特♥勒♥私人秘书)一直在总部里
Only Bormann was always in the headquarters
在那里他有与希♥特♥勒♥的唯一直接联♥系♥
where there was the only
direct contact to Hitler.
鲍曼,作为(希♥特♥勒♥的)秘书,
是最有权势的人...
(Speer) Bormann, as the secretary,
was the most powerful man...
我想比希♥特♥勒♥权力更大
因为当权力被分开时,
more powerful, I think, than Hitler,
because when the power was divided,
所有那些掌权的人都必须
通过他才能去见希♥特♥勒♥
all those men who were in power
had to go via him to Hitler.
除了我我可以直接见到希♥特♥勒♥
Except me.
l had direct access to Hitler.
(高♥官♥之间)没有很多合作
There wasn't much cooperation.
合作(一般)在低级别的小技术专家中进行
The cooperation was in the lower levels
of the smaller technocrats.
我们没有象内阁那样的机构
We didn't have anything like a cabinet.
部长们的碰面,即使有的话,也极其少有
Ministers met, if at all, very seldom
而且不会谈论非常重要的事情...
and didn't talk about
very important matters...
那就是我的印象
so was my impression.
每个部都为自己工作
Every ministry worked for itself
有时候他们从希♥特♥勒♥那里
得到命令,但这非常,非常少见
and sometimes they got orders
from Hitler, but very, very seldom.
外国访客象芬兰领导人
曼纳海姆(元帅芬兰总统)
Foreign visitors like Mannerheim,
the Finnish leader,
能看出希♥特♥勒♥生活在一个幻觉的世界里
could see that Hitler was living
in a world of illusion.
他仍然相信德国空军司令戈林的一再保证
He still trusted the reassurances
of Göring, head of the Luftwaffe.
戈林,几个月后,
Göring, a few months later,
宣称他的飞机能为东线空运补给
claimed that his aircraft
could supply the Eastern Front
甚至当一整支集团军在斯大林格勒被包围
even when a whole army
was cut off at Stalingrad.
注意,我再次呼叫斯大林格勒
Achtung,ich rufe noch einmal Stalingrad.
这里是斯大林格勒
这里是伏尔加河前线
Hier Stalingrad.
Hier ist die Front an der Wolga.
注意,大西洋上的U型潜艇艇员
Achtung,die U-Bootfahrer im Atlantik.
1942年圣诞节
Christmas 1942.
注意,卡塔尼亚(意大利港口城市)
Achtung, Catania.
这里是地中海和非洲前线
Hier ist die Mittelmeerfront und Afrika.
斯大林格勒的士兵在无线电通讯中
传来清晰响亮的声音,
The man at Stalingrad had come through
on the radio link-up loud and clear,
但这些勇敢的话语是在
一个柏林录音室里伪造的
but the brave words
were faked in a Berlin studio.
(♪ "平安夜")
(♪ "Stille Nacht")
柏林的大教堂最后一次未受损伤地
作为进行圣诞节庆祝的场所
For the last time the cathedral stood undamaged
as the Christmas fair took place in Berlin.
但斯大林格勒(的第六集团军)仍被切断
But Stalingrad was still cut off
而在内心深处这个国家
感觉到了什么即将发生
and deep down the nation sensed
what was to happen.
(1943年)2月3日
Dritter Februar.
德国国防军最高指挥部宣布:
Das Oberkommando
der Wehrmacht gibt bekannt:
斯大林格勒战役结束了
Der Kampf um Stalingrad ist zu Ende.
"斯大林战役已经结束了"
"The Battle of Stalingrad
has come to an end."
仅此一次电台说出了真♥相♥,
而且带着一些尊严
For once the radio spoke the truth,
and with some dignity.
91,000名幸存者投降了
91,000 survivors surrendered.
(其中)只有几千人能再次看到德国
Only a few thousand
ever saw Germany again.
我在总部的时间不长
l was not long in the headquarters
但我感觉这一天的气氛非常的凝重
but I felt very significant
the atmosphere on this day.
(特劳德尔·琼格希♥特♥勒♥的秘书 1943-45
电影"帝国的毁灭"女主角原型)
所有人都很抑郁而希♥特♥勒♥本人非常严肃
All people were depressed and
Hitler himself was very serious
他没有说任何话就开始喝他的汤,而且...
and he started on his soup
without saying any word, and...
他...他非常沮丧
He was... He was very depressed.
全世界都意识到
The world realised
而德国人也意识到这是个转折点
and the Germans realised
that this was the turning point.
这是无法被隐藏的悲剧
This was the tragedy
which could not be hidden.
而斯大林格勒(的失败)并非传来
的唯一坏消息该城陷落的一周前,
And Stalingrad did not come alone.
A week before the city fell,
德国人得知同盟国要求无条件投降
the Germans learned that the Allies
would demand unconditional surrender.
那样,对德国人就将绝不留情了
There was, then,
to be no mercy for the Germans.
纳粹和非纳粹都失去了一些幻想
并一起拉近了(彼此之间的关系)