二战全史（1973）

The World At War S01E03

Part 5 June 6, 2022, 8:32 a.m.

en masse
另外法国坦克容易发生机械故障
and what's more,the French tanks
were prone to mechanical trouble.
一次又一次它们不得不被丢弃在战场上
Time after time they had to be
left behind on the battlefield.
庞大的德国步兵师现在在马斯河渡口
追上了装甲部队
The mass German infantry divisions were now catching up
with the panzers at the Meuse crossing point.
至少在德国这边一切正按计划进行
Everything on the German side at least
was going according to plan.
对盟军空军来说,
For the Allied air forces,
在他们5月13日的几乎完全不作为后,
5月14日是繁忙的
after their almost total inactivity
on May 13, May 14 was hectic.
英国和法国轰炸机袭击了横跨
马斯河的浮桥却轻率地中止了
British and French bombers raided the pontoon
bridges across the Meuse with reckless abandon.
法国的将军们已经意识到该地区
生命攸关的重要性但太晚了
Too late, the French generals had
recognised this sector's vital importance.
尽管盟军飞机员勇气可嘉,
结果却是灾难性的
But despite the courage of the Allied
pilots, the result was disastrous.
几乎一半的盟军飞机没能返航
Nearly half the Allied planes
did not return.
皇家空军的官方史是这么写的:
ln the words of the official
RAF history:
"皇家空军从未经历过更高的损失率"
"No higher rate of loss has ever been
experienced by the Royal Air Force."
5月14日后天空无可争辩地成了德国人的
After May 14th
the skies were undeniably German.
在那天荷兰也投降了
On that day too Holland surrendered.
现在只有奇迹才能拯救法国
Nothing short of a miracle
could save France now.
随着桥头堡被肃清,(德国)
装甲部队做好了突破的准备
With the bridgehead secure,
the panzers were poised to break out.
色当之战现在让位于法国之战
The battle for Sedan was now
giving way to the battle for France.
整个德国计划最关键的阶段就要开始...
The most crucial phase of the whole
German plan was about to begin...
向北到海岸的挥击将
困住在比利时的盟军部队
the swing north to the coast that would
trap the Allied armies in Belgium.
色当战败的消息一传到巴黎,
恐慌就开始了
As soon as news of the Sedan defeat
reached Paris, panic set in.
那些能离开的,都离开了
Those who could, left.
仍未知晓德国计划内情
的法国最高统帅部,
The French High Command,
not yet privy to the German plan,
以为希♥特♥勒♥想要立即占领巴黎
assumed Hitler intended
to capture Paris immediately.
为了保卫首都,
To protect the capital,
部队被到处从马斯河沿岸拉回,
troops were pulled back
from elsewhere along the Meuse,
这样做只是更加宽了德国人的桥头堡
which only served
to widen the German bridgeheads.
甘末林拒绝相信他的战术是错误的
Gamelin refused to believe
his tactics were at fault
并想当然地以为他一定是被出♥卖♥♥♥了
and assumed he must have been betrayed.
当(法国)宪兵在战线后
寻找第五梯队分子,
While gendarmes searched for
fifth columnists behind the lines,
甘末林作出的反应是
撤了他差不多20个前线指挥官的职,
Gamelin reacted by sacking
20 or so of his front-line commanders,
几乎是随意地
almost at random.
盟军部队被下令从比利时撤回
The Allied troops
were ordered back from Belgium
5月17日布鲁塞尔陷落
and on May 17th Brussels fell.
这也是甘末林的末日
It was also the end for Gamelin.
他总司令的职务被魏刚将军所代替,
他(魏刚)是从事实上的退休状态下被召回的
He was replaced as commander-in-chief by General
Weygand, recalled from virtual retirement.
法国已经绝望了
France had become desperate.
一个73岁的人代替了一个68岁的,
A 73-year-old
was replacing a 68-year-old,
而魏刚过去一年都在叙利亚度过,
对情况完全不了解
and Weygand had spent the last year
in Syria and was out of touch.
此时现已84岁的贝当元帅,
也成为副总理
At this time too Marshal Pétain, now 84,
became deputy prime minister.
在离开他任法国大使的西班牙前,
Before leaving Spain,
where he'd been France's ambassador,
贝当告诉佛朗哥将军,
Pétain told General Franco,
"我的国家已经被打败了.
这是(推行)30年马克斯主义的成果"
"My country has been beaten. This
is the work of 30 years of Marxism."
他完全站在失败主义者的一边
(Spears) He was completely
on the side of the defeatists.
他是个非常,非常老的人
He was a very, very old man
他被召回是希望他的名字能鼓舞法国士气
and he'd been recalled in the hopes that
his name would bolster French morale.
结果根本没起到那种作用
lt did nothing of the sort.
试图用他们自己的方法
来限制德国人的突破,
Trying in their own way
to contain the German break-out,
法国将军们在他们的地图上划出了停止线,
the French generals
drew halt lines on their maps,
却不料甚至在把这些命令发布出去前
就听说德国装甲部队已经越过了它们(停止线)
only to hear the panzers had passed them
even before the orders had been issued.
在向海岸的冲刺中,
In the dash to the coast,
德国指挥官总是比法国人快了一步
the German commanders were always
one jump ahead of the French.
成群的战俘落入德国人的手中
Hordes of prisoners
fell into German hands.
许多队列,有10,000或20,000人之多,
Many columns,
10,000 or 20,000-strong,
就那么把他们的武器扔了
然后在未被告知的情况下,
simply threw away their weapons
and marched without being told,
由他们的军官带头,向德国战线这边走去
their officers at their head,
toward the German lines.
法国♥军♥队没有表现出与第一次
世界大战时一样英勇的纪律
The French troops did not prove the same
soldierly discipline as in the First World War.
我想这是由马奇诺精神和长♥期♥的假战造成的,
l think this was caused by the
Maginot spirit and the long phoney war,
以至于法国士兵相信
他们不会再打仗了
so that the French soldiers believed
that they will have no more war.
不只是普通的法国部队落入德国人手中,
Not just ordinary troops
fell into German hands,
将军们也一样
but generals too.
5月19日吉拉尔德将军,
On May 19th General Giraud,
刚被任命的法国第九军指挥官,被俘:
newly appointed commander
of France's 9th Army, was captured:
根据法国人的说法,是被一队坦克俘虏的;
by a group of tanks,
according to the French;
根据德国人的说法,是被一队野战炊事兵俘虏的
by a field kitchen unit,
according to the Germans.
但最悲惨的还是难民们的苦境
But most tragic of all
was the plight of the refugees.
一度有1200万人在法国北部的路上,
At one time 12 million people
were on the roads of northern France,
天晓得要去哪里
bound for goodness knows where.
所有的平民都会跟着我们
并会问我们他们要怎么做,
All the civilians used to come after us,
and would ask us what they were to do,
因为政♥府♥没有告诉他们做什么
because the government
had not told them what to do.
我们都说,"看在老天份上,呆在原地别上路"
and we all said, "For heaven's sake, stay
where you are. Don't get on the roads."
但他们都恐慌不已并离开了
But they all got in a panic and left.
一个老妇人把一把钥匙给了我们
One old lady had a key
which she gave to us
我们说,"为什么(给我们)?
您一定不能把您的钥匙给我们"
and we said, "Why?
You mustn't give us your key."
"哦, 是这样, 在上次战争时
我拿走了我的钥匙
"Oh, well, in the last war
l took away my key
当我回来我有钥匙但房♥子没了"
and when l came back
l had the key but no house."
我最糟糕的记忆是看见两架
德国飞机以屋顶高度飞来,
My worst memory was seeing two German
planes coming along at roof level,
用机关枪扫射,
machine-gunning,
那时一个人才会意识到
这对难民有多可怕
and one realised then
how awful it was for the refugees.
德国人在仅仅七天里就前进了200英里,
The Germans had advanced
200 miles in just seven days,
5月20日,他们到达了(英吉利)海峡
and on May 20th
they reached the Channel.
每日电讯报报道称巴黎和伦敦
之间的电♥话♥线路已被切断
The Daily Telegraph reported that telephone
lines between Paris and London had been cut.
一位邮♥政♥局♥发言人说他不知道
何时正常服务能够恢复
A Post Office spokesman said he didn't know
when normal service might be resumed.
随着(德国)装甲部队到达海岸,
With the panzers at the coast,
盟军被引入比利时的最好的部队
与南方的联♥系♥现在被切断了