二战全史（1973）

The World At War S01E17

Part 1 June 6, 2022, 8:34 a.m.

1940年10月
October,1940.
温斯顿·丘吉尔致被打败的法国人♥民♥:
Winston Churchill to the
defeated French people:
那么晚安了
Good night, then.
好好睡觉为黎明积聚力量
Sleep to gather strength
for the morning.
因为黎明将会来临
For the morning will come.
它将闪亮地照耀在勇敢的和真实的(人)身上,
Brightly will it shine
on the brave and true,
仁慈地照在所有那些为了
这个事业而遭受痛苦的人身上
kindly on all who suffer for the cause.
法国万岁!
Vive la France!
(法语)好吧,晚安
Allons, bonne nuit.
(法语)好好睡
Dormez bien.
(法语)为黎明积聚你们的力量,
因为黎明将会来临
Rassemblez vos forces pour l'aube,
car l'aube viendra.
现在,终于,在近四年之后,
Now, at last,
after nearly four years,
那个黎明即将破晓而出
that dawn was about to break.
对(欧洲)大♥陆♥的入侵即将到来
The invasion of the Continent
was at hand.
迪耶普(法国港口),1942年.
Dieppe, 1942.
让盟军部队在法国登陆的
第一次主要尝试是一场灾难
The first major attempt to land
Allied troops in France was a disaster.
7,000人的攻击部队中的几乎一半
在试图冲击该港口强大的防御时被损失掉了
Almost half the assaulting force of 7,000 was lost
trying to storm the port's powerful defences.
许多部队从没有越过海滩
Many troops never got
beyond the beaches.
数以百计的其他(部队)直接投降了
Hundreds of others
walked straight into captivity.
就最终的入侵而言我们从迪耶普(登陆)中学到如此多
(的教训) 以至于我认为它(的价值)是无可估量的
We learnt so much from Dieppe that I think it was quite
invaluable as far as the final invasion was concerned.
我认为在那次行动中能出错的一切事情都出错了
l think everything that could go wrong
went wrong with that operation.
它的结果就是,到了最后,
The result of it was that, by the end,
(戈伦韦·里斯 "考萨克"主要参谋)
你会被以那种规模进行的任何形式的
联♥合♥行♥动♥的风险和危险留下骇人地印象
one was appallingly impressed by the dangers and the hazards
of any kind of combined operation on that kind of scale.
我们之前从未尝试过进行
一次那种规模的联♥合♥行♥动♥
We'd never attempted to do a combined
operation on that scale before.
而且,说真的,没人知道怎么来做
And, really, nobody knew how to do it.
要进行一次成功的(登陆)入侵
有三个必要的条件
There are three conditions necessary
for a successful invasion.
(路易斯·蒙巴顿勋爵联合作战司令部司令 1942-1943)
首先,很明显,无论面对多猛烈的反抗都要上岸
First, obviously, to get ashore
against no matter what opposition.
其次,登上岸后,
Secondly, having got ashore,
无论天气条件如何都要待在岸上
to stay ashore no matter
what the weather conditions.
第三,要阻止敌人以比你更快的速度
集结起他的部队来对付你,
Thirdly, to stop the enemy from building up
his forces against you quicker than you can,
否则他将把你丢回到海里去
otherwise he'll throw you
back into the sea.
考虑到这些基本因素,
Given these essentials,
两个最可能的登陆区域是在英吉利
海峡最狭窄处对面的加莱海峡(简称加莱),
the two likeliest landing areas were the Pas-de-Calais,
across the English Channel at its narrowest point,
以及西面的诺曼底
and Normandy to the west.
在其中作出选择是弗雷德里克·摩根中将和他的
特殊的被称为"考萨克"的盟军参谋部的首要任务
The choice between was the first task of Lieutenant General
Frederick Morgan and his special Allied staff,known
as COSSAC(Chief Of Staff to Supreme Allied Commander)
(他们)在1943年被委派
来制定最初的入侵计划
appointed in 1943 to frame
the initial invasion plans.
试探性的入侵计划自1941年来就已进行(规划)
Tentative invasion planning
had gone on since 1941.
"考萨克"("盟军最高指挥官的总参谋长"的简称)
最后的选择是诺曼底,
COSSAC's choice in the end
was Normandy,
就在瑟堡半岛东面的一段延伸50英里的海岸
a 50-mile stretch of shore
just east of the Cherbourg peninsula.
比起加莱海峡诺曼底有几个优势
Normandy had several advantages
over the Pas-de-Calais.
尽管离英国更远,它没有(加莱的)
防御工事那么坚固完备
Though farther from England,
it was less strongly fortified.
它的海滩,大多数没有悬崖
而且只有极少的黏土和洼地,
lts beaches, mostly without cliffs
and with a minimum of clay and depressions,
更适合于部队和补给的登陆
以及将其迅速部署到内陆
were more suited to the landing of troops
and supplies and to rapid deployment inland.
而且它靠近瑟堡(法国西部最大港口)
以及布列塔尼(半岛)的港口
And it was close to Cherbourg
and the Brittany ports.
1943年8月,在(加拿大)魁北克,
At Quebec, in August, 1943,
"考萨克"拟定的入侵计划被丘吉尔和罗斯福批准
COSSAC's outline plan for invasion
was approved by Churchill and Roosevelt.
跨海峡的突击现在终于将变为事实
The cross-Channel assault
was now, at last, to become reality.
它的行动代号♥...霸王(行动)
它的目标日期...1944年5月
lts codename... Overlord.
lts target date... May, 1944.
入侵的跳板(出发点)将是英国
The springboard for invasion
would be England.
一度被希♥特♥勒♥的炸♥弹♥弄得背井离乡
的英国人,再次离开家园
Britons, displaced once by Hitler's
bombs, were on the move again.
这次,是为入侵大军让路
This time, to make way
for the great invasion armies.
对许多人来说,这意味着剧烈的变化,
钱财的损失,个人的难题
For many, this meant upheaval,
financial loss, personal problems.
但(导致他们再次离开家园的)
原因是极其重要的...
But the cause was momentous...
期待已久的第二战场
the long-awaited second front.
(♪ 棕色小壶)
(♪ Little Brown Jug)
早已从美国开出,
Already from the United States,
拥挤不堪的运兵船正鱼贯穿越大西洋
the packed troop ships were
streaming across the Atlantic.
到现在,在英国的美国人
人数已达到了150万人,
By now, the number of Americans in Britain
approached one and a half million,
而伦敦的街头展现了每一种已知的盟军制♥服♥
and London's streets displayed
every known Allied uniform.
在这个流动的大兵营里,士气是至关重要的
ln this great floating barracks,
morale was all-important.
(美国喜剧演员鲍勃·霍普)
我们经历了一些美妙的旅程
We've had some grand trips.
但这(旅程)很令人愉快
我对能到这里来感到非常激动
But it's been wonderful.
l'm very thrilled to be here.
我真的没从美国带来
什么新消息(向你们)报告
l really have nothing new
to report from the States.
你们知道,美国...
那是丘吉尔住的地方我...
You know, the States...
that's where Churchill lives. l...
但他真的(到处)旅行,不是吗?
伙计,他哪里都去过
But he really travels,doesn't he?
Boy, he's been around.
他去卡萨布兰卡的次数比亨弗莱·鲍嘉
(电影"卡萨布兰卡"男主角的扮演者)还多
He's been to Casablanca
more than Humphrey Bogart.
在一个不同的舞台上,另一位美国人,
On a different stage,
another American,
德怀特·戴维·艾森豪威尔将军,
General Dwight David Eisenhower,
被罗斯福任命为霸王行动的最高指挥官
named by Roosevelt
Overlord's supreme commander.
艾森豪威尔在1942年指挥了盟军对北非的远征
Eisenhower had commanded the Allied
North African expedition in 1942.
除了将才,他还需要一个外交官的手腕
As well as generalship,he would
need the finesse of a diplomat
因为现在他要领导一支巨大的多国部队
because he was now to lead
a huge multinational force.
(凯·萨默斯比艾森豪威尔的司机和情人)
你总是有各种问题,但作为盟军最高统帅,艾森豪威尔将军
You always have problems,but General Eisenhower,
being the supreme Allied commander,
他有这种能与所有不同国籍的人们
融洽相处的绝妙技巧
he had this wonderful knack of getting along
with people of all different nationalities.
他不把他自己看作是一个美国人,
He didn't think of himself
as an American,
他不把他自己看作是一个英国人
或法国人或波兰人或任何(某国籍的)人
he didn't think of himself as British
or French or Polish or anything.
他只考虑什么对整个盟军的努力是最好的(选择)
He just thought what was best
for the whole Allied effort.
艾克未来的指挥官中最知名的是
蒙哥马利将军,阿♥拉♥曼(战役)的胜利者
Best known of lke's commanders-to-be
was General Montgomery,victor of Alamein.
以他对他的部队坦率的讲话而闻名,
Famous for his plain speaking
to his troops,
蒙蒂现在敦促战争工人们竭尽全力生产
Monty now urged the war workers
to maximum effort.
为什么...为什么今天(战争的)趋势已经改变
Why is it... why is it that
today the tide has turned
我们正在打败德国人并向着
这场战争的最后高♥潮♥前进?