二战全史（1973）

The World At War S01E07

Part 6 June 6, 2022, 8:33 a.m.

you could see them from a long way.
他们是大型的陆基飞机...
B-25(米切尔型轰炸机)
They were large
land-based planes... B-25s.
我们只有一个真正的担心...
那就是完全无风
We had only one real worry...
that would have been a dead calm.
在那种条件下,
Under those conditions,
以我们带着的重磅负荷
从航母甲板上起飞
taking off the carrier deck
with the heavy loads that we had
在最好的情况下也是危险的
would have been at best precarious.
我们认为可能发生的最糟糕的事情
The worst thing we thought might happen
就是一个完全戒备的日本在等着我们
would be a completely alerted Japan
waiting for us.
那天发生的事是在就在起飞前的那个早晨
What did happen was that
the morning just before take-off
我们遭遇了两艘日本渔船
we encountered
two Japanese fishing boats.
他们看到了我们的特遣舰队,
给(日本)本土发了一个消息,
They spotted our task force,
sent a message to the mainland,
但,对日本人来说不幸的是,
but, unfortunately for the Japanese,
(这两艘渔船)在能够重复消息前被击沉了
were sunk before they
could repeat the message.
所以我们几乎完全出乎(日本人的)意外
So we achieved almost complete surprise.
造成的实际伤害微不足道
The actual amount of damage done
was minimal.
我们是16架飞机,每架携带一吨♥的炸♥弹♥
We were 16 aeroplanes,
each with one ton of bombs.
在二战后期李梅(空军上将)
指挥下的第20航♥空♥队
ln the later stages of World War ll,
the 20th Air Force under LeMay
(詹姆斯·杜立特将军)
派出500架飞机,每架携带10吨♥炸♥弹♥
was sending out 500 aeroplanes,
each with 10 tons of bombs.
(詹姆斯·杜立特将军)
所以我们扔了16吨♥ 而后来的空袭扔了5000吨♥,
So we dropped 16 against
a later raid of 5,000,
所以(造成的)伤害根本就不大
so the damage was not at all great.
然而,这次轰炸有几个好处
However, it did have some advantages.
第一,(当时)在国内我们只有坏消息,
One, we had had
nothing but bad news at home,
所以这是我们的人听到的第一个好消息
so it was the first good news
our folks got
而这也被认为是一个好消息
and it was appreciated as good news.
这导致日本人♥质♥疑他们的军阀,
lt caused the Japanese
to question their warlords,
(日本军阀)告知他们
日本永远也不会被攻击
who had informed them
that Japan would never be attacked.
杜立特空袭刺痛了日本的领导人
并使他们变得草率
The Doolittle raid stung
Japan's leaders and made them careless.
自从珍珠港事件以来,
Ever since Pearl Harbour,
日本海军就在寻求和美国海军
打一场决定性战役,
Japan's navy had sought a decisive
battle with America's navy,
一场永远决定太平洋统治权的战役
a battle that would decide
once and for all mastery of the Pacific.
1942年6月初,日本航♥空♥母舰
ln early June, 1942,
the Japanese carriers
在夏威夷西北1300英里
左右的中途岛附近集♥合♥
rendezvous'd close to Midway lsland,
some 1300 miles northwest of Hawaii.
(源田実第一航♥空♥舰队航♥空♥参谋)
我们不再象以前那样谨慎
We had ceased to be
as wary as before.
(源田実入侵中途岛策划者)
美国人事先知道了我们会进攻中途岛
The Americans knew in advance
that we would attack Midway.
他们在等着我们而我们走进了他们的陷阱
They were waiting for us
and we walked into their trap.
但当日本海军的注意力集中在中途岛时,
But while the Japanese navy's attention
was focused on Midway lsland,
美国海军正在准备反击日本航母舰队
the American navy were preparing to strike
back at the Japanese carrier fleet.
我们有一个极大的优势...
我们破解了他们的密♥码♥
We had a wonderful advantage...
we were breaking their code
而他们不知道这点
and they didn't know it.
所以我们对那里将发生什么有点概念
So we had some idea
what was going to happen there.
我们和航母编队出现在
正确的地点来迎击他们
We were on the scene with the carrier
force in the right spot to meet them.
中途岛(战役),有史以来最伟大的海战之一,
Midway, one of the greatest
sea battles of all time,
意味着美国重新夺得了太平洋的制海权
meant the US regained
naval control of the Pacific
并且是日本想要进一步征服的梦想的终结
and was the end of Japan's hope
of any further conquests.
在六个月前发动了空袭
珍珠港的四艘日本航♥空♥母舰
The same four Japanese carriers that had launched
the raid on Pearl Harbour six months before
被从因为那天在海上而逃过一劫
的美国航♥空♥母舰上起飞的飞机摧毁
were destroyed by planes from the very American carriers
that had been at sea and escaped destruction that day.
（渊田美津雄飞行队长因盲肠炎呆在"赤城"号♥上）
中途岛战役注定了日本的失败
The Battle of Midway doomed Japan.
中途岛战役是,许多人说,太平洋战争的转折点...
The Midway battle was, many people say,
the turning point of the Pacific war...
那就是,在我们这方面来说,从完全撤退
that is, the turning point
from complete retreat on our part,
到至少企图建立一个僵持局面,
并发动反♥攻♥的转折点
to at least an attempt
to establish a stalemate, and offensive.
转折点不仅发生在海上,也发生在陆地上
Turning point not just
at sea, but on land too.
所罗门群岛中的瓜达尔卡纳尔岛,
The island of Guadalcanal
in the Solomons,
位于日本征服地区的最南端
the southernmost limit
of the Japanese conquests.
1942年8月,盟军回来了
ln August 1942, the Allies returned.
对美国人来说,这是他们
在战争中的第一次入侵行动
For the Americans,
it was their first invasion of the war.
我们只有美国♥军♥力和财力的
一个小小零头...
We had such a tiny fraction
of America's force and money...
资源和人力资源
resources and manpower resources.
90%都去了欧洲
90% went to Europe.
我们在那里只有如此小的一丝存在
We had such a tiny little thread
of existence down there.
这是我们在太平洋地区的第一次攻势
lt was our first offensive
in the Pacific
而我们只派了一个师(美陆战第一师)
and we went in with only one division.
日本人是顽强的战士
他们从不会放弃
The Japanese were tough fighters
and they never would give up.
(劳顿·考灵斯将军第25步兵师师长)
我们在一个被称为岐阜要塞的地方
孤立了日本人的一个团,
We had isolated a Japanese regiment in
what was known as the Gifu strongpoint,
他们一直战斗到
事实上我们不得不消灭他们(的一刻)
and they fought until
we actually had to annihilate them.
我们包围他们后我们用喇叭
We used loudspeakers
after we had surrounded them
试图劝说他们投降但他们不肯投降
and tried to persuade them to surrender,
but they wouldn't surrender.
日本人不应该在瓜达尔卡纳尔岛
作那么大一个努力
Japanese shouldn't have made
such a great effort in Guadalcanal.
他们本可保存他们的实力
They could have saved their strength.
经过很长时间后太平洋上的优势
终于转到了盟军这一边
At long last the tide had
turned for the Allies in the Pacific.
但这至今仍然只是一个余兴节目
But it was still as yet only a sideshow.
主要的精力都被保留给了欧洲
The main energies
were being reserved for Europe.
那时候对美国公众来说这真的很奇怪
It was really a little odd to the Americans
in the general public at that time
那就是我们在太平洋只作了如此小的努力
that we were spending
so little effort in the Pacific.
罗斯福总统下定决心打败希♥特♥勒♥
President Roosevelt made up his mind
that the defeat of Hitler
是到目前为止首先要取得的最重要(目标)...
was by far the most important
to achieve first...
他是最危险的敌人
he was the most dangerous
of the enemies.
他在使美国公众舆♥论♥不断地
被引向欧洲方面非常有技巧
And he was very skilful in keeping American
public opinion directed towards Europe,
尽管我们在日本进行了一次非常主要的行动
和一次非常成功的行动,
although we did have a very major operation
in Japan and a very successful operation,
在我们从珍珠港损失了海军很大一部分(舰船)
这样一个巨大打击中得到恢复以后
after we recovered from the tremendous blow of the loss
of a substantial part of our navy at Pearl Harbour.
我想一般来说公众舆♥论♥有这种感觉,
就象我们在棒球中说的,
l think that generally public opinion
had the feeling, as we say in baseball,
大联盟在欧洲在英国...
我把那(英国)包括在西欧中
the big league was in Europe and in the United
Kingdom... I include that in Western Europe.
"欧洲排在第一"这个决定很早就作出了...
而那是个聪明的决定...
The decision was made early that Europe
came first...and it was a wise decision...