二战全史（1973）

The World At War S01E25

Part 3 June 6, 2022, 8:35 a.m.

否则(这些生命)将在日本本土海岸上
的一场可怕的屠♥杀♥中牺牲掉
which would otherwise be lost in a frightful massacre
which take place on the shores of Japan itself.
他警告我我可能突然发现日本人已经投降了
He warned me I might find myself suddenly in
the position with the Japanese having surrendered.
然后我见到了丘吉尔,而
丘吉尔告诉了我同样的事情
Then I saw Churchill,and
Churchill told me the same thing.
他说, "他们将会投降对此你将怎么做?"
He said, "They will surrender. And
what are you going to do about it?"
我说, "你才刚告诉我我对此还没考虑过"
I said, "You've only just told me.
I haven't given it a thought."
1945年8月原♥子♥弹♥被投下了
August 1945.
The bomb is dropped.
日本人的确投降了
The Japanese do surrender.
他们的城市,也已被炸成废墟,
他们征服的迷梦被粉碎了
Their cities, too, have been laid waste,
their dreams of conquest shattered.
他们也任由他们的征服者摆布
They, too, are at the mercy
of their conqueror.
他们不知道将要发生什么
They do not know what lies in store.
美国人想让日本尽可能快地重建,
(Ambrose) The Americans wanted Japan
rebuilt as quickly as possible,
而一个高度工业化的日本
将从这场战争中脱颖而出...
and a highly industrialised Japan
to emerge from the war...
完全在美国的轨道内运行
well within the American orbit.
杜鲁门在波茨坦决定除了美国
部队没人将被允许进入日本
Truman made the decision at Potsdam that no one would
be allowed into Japan except for American troops.
澳大利亚人不让进,英国人不让进,
The Aussies weren't let in,
the British were not let in,
当然,最重要的是,不让俄♥国♥人进驻日本
and of course, most of all,
the Russians were not let in.
征服者来了...
The conqueror comes...
道格拉斯·麦克阿瑟将军和
他的美国顾问,他的美国法庭
General Douglas MacArthur with his
American advisers,his American court.
他将试图按照美国的形象重塑日本
He will try and remake Japan
in America's image.
战俘们被释放了...
The prisoners are freed...
将日本城市烧为平地的美国飞行员
US airmen who burnt
Japan's cities to the ground.
他们现在是主人
They are the masters now.
在欧洲仍然是夏天
ln Europe it is still summer.
有70万集中营的幸存者
There are 700,000
concentration camp survivors.
能活着,能重逢,能幸存下来,
能回家可能就足够了
lt may be enough to be alive,to be
reunited,to have survived,to go home.
600万前奴隶劳工...
Six million former slave labourers...
波兰人,俄♥国♥人,南斯拉夫人,
爱沙尼亚人,捷克人,法国人...
Poles, Russians, Yugoslavs,
Estonians, Czechs, French...
自♥由♥地拾起了他们生命的线头,
free to pick up
the threads of their lives,
现在他们的德国主人已经离开了
now that their German masters have gone.
没有国家可去的战俘...
Prisoners of war
with no country to go to...
被放逐者,德国人,士兵,逃兵
deportees, Germans, soldiers, deserters.
在我所在的德国的这部分地区很难分辨出
一个德国难民和一个波兰难民的区别...
It was very difficult to tell the difference
between a German refugee and a Polish refugee
in the part of Germany that l was located in...
我不知道哪个是哪个
l wouldn't know which were which.
你能够很确定,
You could be pretty well sure,
如果他们把东西背在他们的背上并扛着包
if they were humping things
on their back and carrying bags
却没有一辆卡车,他们几乎肯定就是难民
but they hadn't got a truck,
they were almost certainly refugees.
或者可能是穿着偷来的
监狱牢服的党卫队看守
Or perhaps SS guards
in stolen prison clothes.
一些人选择了死亡
Some choose death.
希姆莱,党卫队的领袖,服了毒
Himmler, lord of the SS, takes poison.
一些人投降或被抓
Some surrender or are caught.
冯·龙德施泰特,希♥特♥勒♥的将军,穿着全套军装
Von Rundstedt, Hitler's general,
in full dress uniform.
邓尼茨海军上将,第三帝国的最后一位领导人
Admiral Dönitz,last leader of the Third Reich.
阿尔伯特·斯佩尔(纳粹军备部长)
Albert Speer.
应该拿这些被打败的怪物们怎么办呢?
What to do with these broken monsters?
斯大林,在由罗斯福总统和
丘吉尔先生参加的雅尔塔会议上,
Stalin, at the Yalta Conference that was attended
by President Roosevelt and Mr Churchill,
(肖克罗斯爵士纽伦堡审判检察官 1945)
说他认为50,000名德国参谋和军官
应该被聚集起来并被即刻处决
said that he thought 50,000 of the German general staff and
officers should be gathered together and summarily executed.
他没在开玩笑
He wasn't joking.
罗斯福总统以为他是(在开玩笑),
罗斯福总统说,"嗯,或许杀49,000个吧"
President Roosevelt thought he was, and
President Roosevelt said, "Well, perhaps 49,000."
但丘吉尔说他情愿被立即拖出去拉进花♥园♥被枪杀
也不愿成为这样一个参与不义行为的一方
But Churchill said that he'd rather be
taken out into the garden and shot at once
than be a party to such an iniquity.
但俄♥国♥人几乎坚持到最后说不应该有审判...
But the Russians persisted almost until the end
in saying that there should be no trial...
这些人都是罪犯应该在他们
被抓的那一刻就被立即处决
these men were criminals and should be
immediately executed the moment they were caught.
在希♥特♥勒♥的城市,纽伦堡,
有一场战争罪行的审判
There is a war crimes trial
at Nuremberg, Hitler's city.
指控的罪名:危害和平的犯罪,
反人道的罪行,发动侵略战争
The charges: crimes against peace,crimes
against humanity,waging aggressive war.
被告全是德国人
The defendants are all German.
戈林被传唤上去答辩认罪或不认罪
Göring is called to plead guilty or not guilty.
在我进入认罪或不认罪的答辩前
我通知法庭被告们无权发表声明
I informed the court that defendants
were not entitled to make a statement.
你必须认罪或不认罪
You must plead guilty or not guilty.
不认罪
鲁道夫·赫斯
Rudolf Hess.
(德语)无罪!
Nein!
那将被登记为一个无罪的答辩
That will be entered
as a plea of not guilty.
我觉得你可以说目的是双重的
(Shawcross) I think you'd say
the purpose was a twofold one.
第一个是惩罚...惩罚那些
发动了这场针对世界的战争的人
The first was retribution...the punishment of people
who had launched this war against the world.
不仅是发动了战争,而且,
And not only the war, but who,
在战争开始之前和战争期间,
prior to the commencement
of the war and during it,
犯下了最可怕的反人道罪行...
had,of course,committed the most
terrible crimes against humanity...
比如,灭绝了肯定有700万犹太人
as, for instance, by exterminating
certainly seven million Jews.
这场审判的第二个目的是,
如我们所希望的,
The second purpose of the
trial was, as we hoped,
要为未来制定国际法的规则...
to lay down the rules of
international law for the future...
不仅使发动侵略战争成为非法行为,
not only making the waging
of aggressive war unlawful,
而且,有史以来第一次,使得带领他们的国家进入
一场侵略战争的政♥治♥家个人为他们的所作所为负责
but, for the first time,making the statesmen
who led their countries into an aggressive war
personally responsible for what they'd done.
1200万男人,女人和孩子因此而丧生...
12 million men, women and children
have died thus...
被冷血地谋杀
murdered in cold blood.
成百上千万更多的人今天
在哀悼他们的父亲和母亲,
Millions upon millions more today
mourn their fathers and their mothers,
他们的丈夫,妻子和孩子
their husbands, their wives
and their children.
我对被告们的外表十分惊讶
l was rather surprised at the
appearance of the defendants.
我想,"如果我在普通老百姓中看到这些人,
l thought, "Well, if l'd seen
these people in the Clapham omnibus,
我不会看他们两眼"
l wouldn't have looked at them twice."
我觉得他们所有人都是如此,
l think that was true of all of them,
也许除了赫斯和里宾特洛甫,
except perhaps Hess and Ribbentrop,
他们两个看起来都是挺可怜的家伙,
who both looked pretty miserable creatures,
而戈林,看起来是个非常引人注目的人物
and Göring, who looked
a very remarkable personality.
他左右了法庭
He did dominate the court.
他是法庭上的突出人物
He was the outstanding
personality in the court.
你知道,有时候,在象那样一种持续
超过200天的漫长审判的过程中,
And you know, sometimes, in the course of
a long trial like that, lasting over 200 days,
一些事情会出错
something would go wrong.
你会问一个目击证人一个问题,
You would ask a witness a question,
你预期得到的答案会是"对",
and the answer you expected
to get would be "yes",
而目击证人会回答"不"
and the witness would answer "no".
那时你必须非常小心不要撞见戈林的目光
At that point you had to be very careful