二战全史（1973）

The World At War S01E07

Part 4 June 6, 2022, 8:33 a.m.

这些人(日裔美国人)一直不太受欢迎
(Ball) These people had
always been rather unpopular
因为他们在小型商品蔬菜种植以及
诸如此类的方面与美国农民竞争,
because they competed with the American farmers
in truck gardening and things like that kind,
而且工作努力得多
and worked very much harder
耕种起他们的土地来也远远更具效率
and cultivated their land
very much more efficiently.
所以许多人利用他们的处境
So a lot of people
took advantage of their situation
来制♥造♥针对他们的反感
to create antipathy toward them.
而政♥府♥行事仓促而又颇为残忍♥
And the government
acted hastily and rather brutally
...这不是一段吸引人的篇章
...it's not a very attractive chapter.
超过十万日裔美国人被全体拘禁,
More than 100,000 Japanese
Americans were interned en masse,
其中大多数生活在西海岸,
mostly those on the west coast,
而六十万德裔和意裔美国人则被分别对待
whereas the 600,000 German and ltalian
Americans were treated individually.
尽管我们已听到要疏散的传闻,
(Uno) Although we had heard rumours
of an evacuation,
我们都没意识到这真的会发生
we didn't realise that it was
going to indeed take place.
我们被告知我们只能带走
我们能随身携带的东西
We were told that we could
only take what we could carry.
被疏散者有三种选择:
他们要么不得不卖♥♥了他们的财产,
Evacuees had three choices:
they either had to sell their property,
要么放弃它或贮藏它
abandon it or store it.
在许多情况下,因为对局势的不确定,
And in many cases, because
of the uncertainty of the situation,
许多人只是尽他们最大的努力
处理掉他们的财产
many people just disposed of their
property as best they could.
然后我们被送上公共汽车
并被带到了集结中心
We were then put on buses
and taken to assembly centres.
在集结中心
From the assembly centres
我们住在马棚或速成的沥青油纸兵营里
we lived in horse stalls
or in quickly made tarpaper barracks.
我母亲经历的精神痛苦(包括),
The mental anguish
that my mother went through,
她的四个儿子在为美国政♥府♥服役
having four of her sons in the service
of the United States government
而她的丈夫被贴上了危险敌国外侨的标签...
and having her husband
labelled a dangerous enemy alien...
我们有看守,警卫塔,机关枪...
We had guards, watch towers,
machine guns...
这是一幅监禁的画面
It was a picture of incarceration.
我们感觉我们是囚犯...
我们自己国家的囚犯
We felt that we were prisoners...
prisoners in our own country.
可以肯定的一件事是
有段时间里不会再有橡胶了
The one thing was certain was there's
going to be no more rubber for a while
我们不得不将就着使用
我们现有的橡胶轮胎库存
and we'd have to make do with the stock
of rubber tyres that we had.
停止销♥售♥橡胶轮胎不归我们机构管,
And it wasn't in the authority of our
agency to stop the sale of rubber tyres,
可不管怎样我们还是起草了一道命令
so we drew up an order anyway
我们让一个无名的年轻人在
生产管理局的所有办公室散发了它
and we had an anonymous young man circulate it though
all the offices of the Office of Production Management
他们不得不清理所有的纸
而那里已经非常非常脏乱了
that had to clear all pieces of paper,
it was already very very cruddy.
(他)走进去,说"这里是橡胶
轮胎令,先生" 每个人都签了名
Walked in, with "Here's the rubber
tyre order,sir." Everybody signed it.
于是我们冻结了整个国家的橡胶轮胎库存
And we froze the whole nation's
stock of rubber tyres.
每个人都得到了工作
Everybody got work.
(保罗·萨缪尔森诺贝尔经济学奖得主)
在1930年代漫长的大萧条后这深受感激
This was very much appreciated after
the long, deep depression of the 1930s.
你可能以为通胀会成为主要问题,
You might've thought inflation
would be the major problem,
因为在大多数国家,在大多数战争里,
这一直都是个主要问题
because in most countries, in most wars,
it's always been a major problem.
但在我们动员的很早阶段,
But very early we mobilised,
我们就提出定量配给制度,尽管有些许抱怨,
we put in a rationing, and, although
there was a small amount of grumbling,
定量配给系统运行得如此之好
实在是令人惊讶
it's amazing how well
the rationing system worked.
当时有种趋势那就是接受短缺但有一个例外
(Galbraith) There was a tendency
to accept shortages with one exception.
人们对汽油配给非常抵触
People were very resistant
to gasoline rationing.
衣服短缺,食品短缺,咖啡,糖,
这些人们都能接受
Clothing shortages, food shortages,
coffee, sugar, people would accept.
但没有哪种形式的耍流氓,欺骗,偷盗,盗窃
But there was no form of
rascality, chicanery, thievery, larceny
是人们不会从事的
就为了得到一些额外的汽油
that people wouldn't engage in
to get extra gasoline.
我想他们最痛恨的事
l think the thing they most resented
就是我们许多做这件事
(汽油配给)的人都极其年轻
was the extreme youth of many
of us who were doing it.
价格管理局,
The Office of Price Administration,
在我今天回头看来,一定是很难熬的
as I look back on it,
must've been very hard to take.
我当时31岁
l was then 31.
大卫·金斯堡,我最亲近的同僚,
总顾问, 是29岁,
David Ginsberg, my immediate associate,
general counsel, was 29,
其他大多数人都比我们还年轻...
and most everybody else
was younger than we were...
包括理查德·尼克松,
including Richard Nixon,
他当时是机构里众多不出名的雇员之一
who was one of the more
obscure employees of the agency.
这是苏维·埃弗里的一张著名战时照片,
There's a famous wartime picture
of Sewell Avery,
(他是)上一个时代的一位大亨,
a great tycoon of the last age,
蒙哥马利·沃德公♥司♥(美国连锁百货商店
巨头)的老板并把它带出了大萧条,
who was head of Montgomery Ward
and brought it out of the Depression,
被两个穿制♥服♥的美国士兵
架出他的办公室
being carried out of his office
by two American soldiers in uniform
因为他不肯遵从战时劳工委员会
(要求其承认工会的命令)
because he wouldn't comply
with the War Labor Board.
我们为下一财政年度制定的战争项目
Our war programme
for the coming fiscal year
将花费560亿美元
will cost 56 billion dollars.
那意味着税收和债券...
That means taxes and bonds...
以及债券和税收
and bonds and taxes.
- 哦...
- 我们每抽到一支兰花就听到一声长声尖叫,女士们先生们
- Ohh...
- We have a squeal with each orchid,ladies and gentlemen.
想要得到你的兰花吗?
请到这边来
Want to get your orchid?
Come this way, please.
2250 这可真是件漂亮的东西
2250. This is really
a handsome thing to have.
你购买♥♥2250美元的战争债券
就能得到这个作为奖品,
You're getting this as a premium
for a war bond for $2250,
所以对任何人来说这都真的是一笔划算买♥♥卖♥♥
so it's really a good purchase for anybody.
- 让我看一眼那个
- 哦是吗?
- Let's have a look at that.
- Oh you did?
霍普(鲍勃·霍普喜剧明星)正看着这双鞋
他可能把他的出价增加到2255美元
Hope is looking at the shoe.
He may increase his bid to $2255.
你也要加点价,是吗,胖墩?
You're going to come up a little,
aren't you, flabby?
我不该这么做,但我出2500
l shouldn't, but l'll go 25.
我们的敌人不是容易打败的对手
他们野蛮,娴熟而又残酷无情
Our enemies aren't pushovers.
They're savage, skilful and relentless.
他们训练经年就为了这个奴役世界的机会,
They've trained for years for
just this chance to enslave the world,
那就是他们想要做的
而他们会使用每一个诡计和工具
and that's just what they intend to do.
And they'll use every trick and tool.
但在另一个方面,他们也不是超人
But on the other hand,
they aren't supermen.
他们不是从火星上来的
They didn't come down from Mars.
他们能被打败他们也将被人打败
They can be licked and they
will be licked...by men.
♪ 我们在1917年战斗
♪ We fought in 1917
♪ 润-滴-滴顿顿顿
♪ Rum-di-di dum dum dum
♪ 从现场赶走了暴君
♪ And drove the tyrants from the scene
♪ 润-滴-滴顿顿顿
♪ Rum did-di dum dum dum
♪ 我们在打一场更大更好的战争
♪ We're in a bigger, better war
♪ 因为你的爱国消遣
♪ For your patriotic pastime
♪ 我们不知道我们为何而战