二战全史（1973）

The World At War S01E24

Part 5 June 6, 2022, 8:35 a.m.

他写信给总统敦促就核问题
(与苏联)进行直接谈判,
(Bundy) He wrote to the president to urge
direct negotiation on the nuclear issue,
并争辩说与俄♥国♥的关系"或许可能被我们处理
与俄♥国♥解决原♥子♥弹♥问题的方式而不可挽回地恶化"
and argued that relations with Russia "may perhaps
be irretrievably embittered by the way in which
we approach the solution of the bomb with Russia."
"因为如果我们现在没有找他们商量
"For if we fail to approach them now
而只是在把这件武器炫耀地挂在我们
的屁♥股♥上之后才同他们谈判的话,
and merely negotiate with them having this
weapon rather ostentatiously on our hip,
他们对我们的目的和动机的怀疑和不信任将加深"
their suspicions and their distrust of
our purposes and motives will increase."
随着原子武器现在几乎已准备好投入使用,
With the atomic weapons
now almost ready for use,
对杜鲁门来说是时候向日本人
发出一个最终的最后通牒了...
it was time for Truman to issue
a final ultimatum to the Japanese...
史汀生的建议再次被拒绝了
and again Stimson's advice was rejected.
杜鲁门和伯恩斯决定通过给日本人一个保留
他们天♥皇♥的机会来不改变无条件投降的原则
Truman and Byrnes decided not to modify the
unconditional-surrender formula by offering
the Japanese the chance to keep their emperor.
我的希望是日本人♥民♥现在将意识到
My hope is that the people
of Japan will now realise
进一步抵抗现在联合起来实施法律
和正义的各国♥军♥队将是绝对徒劳的
that further resistance to the forces of
the nations now united in the enforcement
of law and justice will be absolutely futile.
对日本人来说仍然有时间...但只剩极少时间...
来拯救他们自己免于威胁着他们的毁灭
There is still time...but little time...
for the Japanese to save themselves
from the destruction which threatens them.
(詹姆斯·伯恩斯全国广播公♥司♥录像)
它的真正目的就是向他们保证他们将拥有决定权,
The very purpose of it was to assure
them that they would have the decision,
与此同时不在我们之间开始
一场关于天♥皇♥地位的争论
and at the same time not to start a controversy
among ourselves about the position of the emperor.
当"波茨坦公告"被发表时,
When the Potsdam proclamation was issued,
(加瀬俊一外♥交♥部♥官员 1945)
东乡茂德外相和我一起通宵工作了许多个夜晚,
Foreign Minister Togo and I worked
together many sleepless nights,
我把这份公告拿给外相看
and I took this proclamation
to the attention of the foreign minister
并解释了它的实质
and explained the substance of it.
东乡立即说这份公告是可以接受的,
Togo at once said this was acceptable,
他立即去皇宫并请求觐见(天♥皇♥)
and he immediately went to the palace
and asked for an audience.
(裕仁)天♥皇♥赞成东乡的意见那就是应该
立即接受这个公告并结束这场战争
The emperor approved Togo's judgement that this
should be accepted and the war be terminated at once.
东乡外相在内阁会议上说我们能在
天♥皇♥地位不受影响的情况下结束这场战争
Foreign Minister Togo said in the cabinet meeting that
we can stop the war without the question of the emperor.
我们能够无疑地保留天♥皇♥
We can keep the emperor all right.
但那时候我们...
But at that time we...
日本政♥府♥...
the Japanese government...
(迫水久常内阁书♥记♥官长,即战后的官方长官 1945)
向俄♥国♥人请求了一些...中间人...调解...斡旋...斡旋,
asked some... intermediate...mediation...
mediation...mediation to the Russians,
所以许多内阁大臣说,
so many cabinet ministers said,
"这样吧, 让我们再观察局势一段时间"
"Well, let us see the situation for a while."
铃木(贯太郎)首相宣布
日本将对该最后通牒不予理会
Prime Minister Suzuki announced
that Japan would ignore the ultimatum.
也许俄♥国♥会拯救日本的名誉
Perhaps Russia would save Japan's honour.
毕竟,斯大林没有签署波茨坦公告...
After all, the Potsdam Declaration
had not been signed by Stalin...
他可能仍在调停
he might still mediate.
斯大林告诉了杜鲁门日本人的提议
Stalin told Truman about the Japanese approaches.
杜鲁门对此全都知道...日本的密♥码♥已被破解
Truman knew all about them...
the Japanese codes had been broken.
两个领导人同意不理睬这些和平试探
杜鲁门在8月3日启程回国
Both leaders agreed to ignore the peace feelers
and Truman sailed home on August 3.
由于得不到日本人的反应,他授权空军
在他们一准备好时就(在日本)投下原♥子♥弹♥
With no response from the Japanese,he authorised the Air
Force to drop the atom bomb as soon as they were ready.
日本外相东乡(茂德),在绝望中发电报
给他在莫斯科的大使(佐藤尚武):
The Japanese foreign minister, Togo, in
desperation cabled his ambassador in Moscow:
"由于相对于目前的事态损失一天
时间都可能造成一千年的遗憾,
"Since the loss of one day relative to this present
matter may result in a thousand years of regret,
我请求你立即与莫洛托夫会谈"
it is requested you immediately
have a talk with Molotov."
但莫洛托夫仍然不肯会见日本大使
But Molotov would still not meet the ambassador.
(1945年)8月6日,
On August 6,
就在俄♥国♥人说他们会进攻日本人的两天之前,
two days before the Russians had said
they would attack the Japanese,
"艾诺拉·盖伊"号♥出发
开始它1,500英里的征程
the Enola Gay set off
on its 1500-mile journey.
(保罗·蒂贝茨广岛轰炸飞行员)
我注意到当我(把飞机)滑行出来的时候
在飞机停靠的区域有几百个人在那里,
I noticed as I taxied out that there were several hundred
people that were in the area the aircraft were parked in,
有一些在控制塔前面...
there were some in front of the control tower...
人们出来看正在发生什么事
却并不真的知道他们正在看什么,
People were out there to see what was going on
without really knowing what they were looking at,
但这是一件与众不同的事情,
but it was something different,
所以他们想要成为此事的一部分,
想要看看什么事情正在发生
so they wanted to be part of it,
wanted to see what was taking place.
有一枚炸♥弹♥ 有一架飞机将运载那枚炸♥弹♥,
There's one bomb and one aeroplane
was going to carry that bomb,
而那是飞行大队指挥官蒂贝茨上校,
和他的全体机组人员
and that's the group commander,then
Colonel Tibbets, with his full crew.
(查尔斯·斯威尼广岛和长崎轰炸飞行员)
我的机组被指派在轰炸期间在他的右翼编队飞行,
My crew was assigned to fly in formation
on his right wing during the bombing,
因为两个原因...
for a couple of reasons...
有人必须飞到那里
somebody had to fly there
而且我被他安排飞第二次任务,
and I was scheduled by him
to fly the second mission,
如果有第二次任务的话
if there were to be a second mission.
我们还会有第三架飞机飞在左翼
它将就在轰炸前掉头回去...
We were to have a third aircraft flying on the left
wing who would drop back just before the bombing...
它装备有摄像机
he was equipped with cameras.
我们将在看不到彼此的情况下飞头三个小时
We were to fly unseen by each other
for the first three hours
然后早晨6点在硫磺岛上空8,000英尺会合
and to make rendezvous at 8,000 feet
over lwo Jima at 6 a.m.
计划就是这样
This was the plan.
我们十分成功地会合,然后我们有
大约一个半小时或稍长一段时间
We made the rendezvous quite successfully,then we
had about an hour and a half or a little over that
在太平洋上空的一个美丽夜晚
以一种懒散的队形一起飞行,
to go along in a lazy formation on
a beautiful night out over the Pacific,
有月亮还有看起来象粉雾一样的云团...
with moons and cloud puffs
that looked like powder puffs...
那是个安静,祥和的夜晚,相信我
it was a quiet, peaceful
evening, believe me.
没什么事发生...在飞机里有一些交谈,
Nothing much went on...
a little bit of talk in the aeroplane,
但在一次任务中那总是很正常...
but that's always normal on a mission...
但然后你会有一段平静期,
but then you'd get a quiet period,
而当我们在飞的时候我猜每个人
都在做梦或什么的,因为很安静
and we were...while we were going along,I guess everybody
was dreaming or something, because it was quiet.
在8月6日早晨8:15分,
At 8:15 on the morning of August 6,
在广岛上空32,000英尺飞行的
"艾诺拉·盖伊"号♥,投放了它的炸♥弹♥
the Enola Gay, flying at 32,000 feet,
released its bomb over Hiroshima.
就在负荷离开飞机的一瞬间
(Tibbets) As soon as the weight
had left the aeroplane
我立即进入这种急转弯,
I immediately went into this steep turn,
在我后面的斯维尼和马魁特也同样急转,
as did Sweeney and Marquart behind me,
我们试图在我们自己和冲击点之间拉开距离
and we tried then to place distance
between ourselves and the point of impact.
就这次轰炸而言,那枚原♥子♥弹♥从它离开
飞机到它爆♥炸♥ 有53秒钟时间
In this particular case,that bomb had 53 seconds
from the time it left the aeroplane until it exploded.
那就是从轰炸高度坠落所花的时间...53秒
That's how long it took to fall
from the bombing altitude...53 seconds.
而这当然给了我们足够的时间转弯
And this gave us adequate time,
of course, to make the turn.
我们刚转好弯并以水平飞行姿态飞离
Now, we had just made the turn
and rolled out in level flight
这时似乎有人抓住了我的飞机
并在非常剧烈地摇晃它,
when it seemed like somebody had grabbed hold
of my aeroplane and gave it a real hard shaking,
因为这是上来的冲击波
because this was the shock wave
that had come up.
这是我很高兴能感觉到的东西
因为它给了我一个解脱的瞬间...
This was something that I was glad to feel
because it gave me a moment of relief...
毕竟,在致力于(投掷)那枚炸♥弹♥一年多时间后,
after all, having worked on that bomb
for well over a year,you know,
在我驾驶那架飞机转弯的那53秒时间里
that 53 seconds of time while
I'm turning the aeroplane
我一直想知道"它到底会不会爆♥炸♥?"