二战全史（1973）

The World At War S01E20

Part 6 June 6, 2022, 8:35 a.m.

以及我们的决心那就是当战争结束后
那些为此负责的人应该受到惩罚
and our determination that those responsible
for it should be punished when the war was over.
我们在进行一些磋商后达成了协议,
And that we got agreement upon
after some negotiation,
那是接近1942年底
and it was near the end of 1942
当我在下议院发表声明
when I made the statement
in the House of Commons
并且,我必须说,(产生了)远远
超过我预期的戏剧性效果
with, I must say, a dramatic effect far
exceeding anything that I'd expected.
而(下议院)议长...一个非常好的议长,
(爱德华·)阿尔吉·菲茨罗依...
And the Speaker...a very fine
speaker, Algy FitzRoy...
他站起身并说道,
he got up and he said,
"如果下议院希望表达其感觉,
那么应该全体起立"
"lt is for the House to rise if it
so wishes to express its feelings."
整个下议院(议员)都站了起来
我记得后来劳埃德·乔治来找我并说:
And the whole House got up. And I remember
Lloyd George coming to me afterwards and said:
"在我在国会的那么多年里,
我从没见过象这样的事情"
"ln all my years in parliament,
l have never seen anything like this."
他被深深感动了,我也一样
He was deeply impressed, and so was I.
那就是我们能做的一些事情
Well, that was something
that we could do.
在1943年4月,
ln April 1943,
华沙犹太人聚居区的犹太人起义了,
the Jews in the Warsaw ghetto rose,
由知道了重新安置真♥相♥,
并决心战斗的年轻男女率领,
led by young men and women who knew the truth
about resettlement,and determined to fight.
他们只有少得可怜的武器
They had pitifully few arms.
他们勇敢地战斗
They fought bravely.
镇♥压♥犹太人聚居区起义花了德国人33天
lt took the Germans 33 days
to crush the ghetto.
幸存者被带走去遭受那些在他们之前
被带走,没有反抗的人们的命运
The survivors were marched off to share the fate
of those who had gone,unresisting, before them.
特莱西恩施塔特(集中营,位于捷克斯洛伐克)
Theresienstadt.
纳粹的封面故事...东方的重新
安置...被精心地拍摄下来
The Nazi cover story...resettlement in
the east...was elaborately documented.
这部制♥作♥于1943年的宣传影片是为了
要向德国民众和国际红十字会展示
This propaganda film made in 1943 was designed to show
the German public and the lnternational Red Cross
重置集中营里的条件真正是什么样的
what conditions in the resettlement
camps were really like.
到这部影片上映的时候,
By the time this film was released,
这里看到的绝大多数人已经
死在了奥斯维辛的毒气室里
most of the people seen here were already
dead in the gas chambers at Auschwitz.
到1944年,德国人正在输掉战争
By 1944, the Germans
were losing the war.
党卫队加快了杀戮的速度
The SS speeded up the rate of killing.
铁道现在直接通向毒气室
The railway tracks now led
straight to the gas chambers.
仍然有火车从意大利,从希腊,从匈牙利开来
And still the trains rolled in
from ltaly, from Greece, from Hungary.
他们带我们到3号♥和4号♥焚尸炉
They took us to Crematoria III and IV.
(多夫·派西科维奇匈牙利犹太人)
在那里我们看到了人间地狱...
There we saw hell on this earth...
大堆的死人,
large piles of dead people,
而人们正把这些尸体拖入一个长坑,
and people dragging these bodies
to a long pit,
大约30米长 10米宽
about 30 metres in length
and 10 metres in width.
那里有用树木(作燃料)的一个巨大火堆
There was a huge fire there
made of trees.
在另一边,脂肪正被用一个桶从这个坑里取出
On the other side, fat was being
taken out of this pit with a bucket.
我们不得不立即开始工作
We immediately had to begin working.
四个人抓住一个死人
Four people would take hold
of one dead person.
但党卫队(的人)过来说,
"不行你们每个人要搬一个人"
But the SS came and said,
"No. Each one of you will take one."
他向我们展示了如何用一根简单的拐杖
He showed us how
with a simple walking stick.
你要在下巴下面勾住尸体,
One was to take the body under the chin,
把那拐杖勾住脖子
并把尸体拖到坑里,
put the stick on the neck
and drag the body to the pit,
就像你在拖一块破布或一块木头一样
like you would drag a rag
or a piece of wood.
在坑的边缘,有更多的人(负责)把死人推进坑里
At the edge of the pit, were still more
people who pushed the dead into the pit.
我们组中的一些人抛弃了他们自己
(的生命) 并活活跳入坑中
Some of our group threw themselves
and jumped into the pit alive.
他们明显认为被活活烧死也比干这么一种活要更好
They apparently thought it better to be
burned alive rather than do such a job.
总共只有四或五个党卫队的人
There were only four or five SS men altogether.
他们组织得如此之好以至于
他们只有四五个人来监督我们
They were so well-organised that there
were just four or five of them with us.
但是有电网,而这张电网外面还有党卫队卫兵
But there were electric fences, and
beyond this fence there were SS guards.
逃跑是不可能的
Escape was impossible.
一周后,一天晚上他们
突然把我带到1号♥焚尸炉
After a week, they suddenly
took me one night to Crematorium l.
在那里,整个工作更加机械化
There, the whole job
was more mechanical.
在周围,有喷水的花洒仿佛是用来淋浴的
All around, there were
water installations as if for showers.
每个人都挤在这些淋浴喷头周围
他们仍然不知道
Everyone crowded around these showers.
They still didn't know.
一些知道真♥相♥的人不敢相信
他们就将被毒死了
Someone who did did not dare to believe
that they were going to be poisoned dead.
他们会把大约2000,或2500人关在那里
They would put about two thousand,
two and a half thousand people in there.
如果空间不够,小孩子会被扔在人们的头顶上
lf there wasn't enough room,the small children
would be thrown on top of the people's heads.
有(一些)残疾人
There were invalids.
他们会拿出他们的服役证
显示他们曾在一次大战中战斗
They would take out their service cards,showing
that they had fought in the First World War.
以及他们从那时候获得的各种荣誉和勋章
with all kinds of distinctions and
medals which they had from that time.
他们喊叫道, "这是什么? 我们为德国战斗,
现在他们将要烧死我们,杀死我们"
They shouted, "What's this? We fought for Germany,
now they're going to burn us, kill us."
"这不可能我们抗♥议♥这样的事情"
"This is impossible.
We protest against such a thing."
但每个人只是嘲笑他们
But everyone just laughed at them.
他们对此并不当真,这些党卫队的看守
They didn't take it seriously,
these SS men.
他们对这整件事情嘲笑不已
They laughed at the whole thing.
有一些残疾人我帮忙他们脱衣服
因为他们不能自己脱
There were invalids I helped to undress
as they couldn't do it by themselves.
我们许多人都帮忙了
我会和这些人交谈
There were many of us who helped.
l would talk to these people.
有几次我看到了熟人
There were cases
where I saw acquaintances.
我的心不让我走向他们让他们认出我来
My heart wouldn't let me walk over
to them to let them recognise me.
不经历这样一件事的人不能
想象(人)要活下去的意志,
No one who hasn't gone through such
a thing can imagine the will to live,
生命的一瞬意味着什么
what a moment of life is.
每个人,无一例外,
Every person, without exception,
仅仅为了多活一分钟都能做出最坏的事情
is capable of doing the worst things
just to live another minute.
许多女人在中毒过程中都流产了
Many women miscarried
during the poisoning.
人们互相击打人们用他们的指甲抓(别人)
People hit each other.
People scratched with their nails.
人们的身上有指甲抓痕
There were fingernail marks on people.
每个人都想活下来,
但在那里是不可能的
Everyone wanted to survive,
but it was impossible there.
我们进去把所有的尸体拉出来
We went in to take out all the corpses.
我们用升降机把他们运上去到焚尸炉那里
We took them up by lifts to the ovens.
在楼上的炉子附近,有一个人(负责)卸下金牙和假牙
Near the ovens upstairs, there was a man
who removed gold teeth and false teeth.
他们会剃掉女人的头发
They would shave the women's hair
并在最私密的部位寻找有价值
的东西,尤其是在女人身上
and look for valuables in the most intimate
of places,especially on the women.
在焚尸炉里,烧掉他们要花15分钟
In the oven,it took 15 minutes to burn them.
所有那些尸体只剩下一些骨灰
Only a few ashes were left
from all those corpses.
死亡的工业会有有用的副产品
The industry of death
had useful by-products.
女人的头发被扎成捆,金牙被熔化,
Women's hair was packed in bales,
gold teeth melted down,
人造假肢和眼镜为了德国战争机器而被再利用
artificial limbs and spectacle lenses
recycled for the German war machine.