二战全史（1973）

The World At War S01E04

Part 3 June 6, 2022, 8:33 a.m.

斯坦利·鲍德温(英国前首相)
没有交出他的门,
Stanley Baldwin didn't give up his gates,
但大多数人交出了所有他们
能捐出的金属物件
but most people gave up everything
they could in the way of metal.
飞行员和我们都知道你不可能
用罐子和平底锅造出飞机,
The pilots and we all knew that you couldn't
make aircraft out of pots and pans,
但这是件好事它让人们
意识到局势令人绝望
but it's a good stuff it brought the people
to realise that it was a desperate situation.
"罐子和平底锅"的反响极其热烈
他们收到了成堆的罐子和平底锅...
The response of "the pots and pans" was tremendous.
They had piles and piles of pots and pans...
都不知道该把它们怎么办
但这足以说明他是个了不起的宣传家
not knowing what to do with them.
But he was a great propagandist.
但德国的入侵又在哪里?
But where was
the German invasion?
(♪ fanfare)
1940年6月,希♥特♥勒♥还没有开始考虑入侵英国
In June 1940, Hitler had not begun
to think about invading Britain.
他正忙于庆祝他在法国的胜利,
并期望英国能象法国一样讲和
He was busy celebrating his French victory,
and expected Britain like France to make peace.
柏林给予他英雄般的欢迎
Berlin gave him a hero's welcome
当他在7月6日和雷德尔海军上将(海军总司令)
和他的其他总司令回到那里
when he returned there on July 6 with Admiral
Raeder and his other commanders in chief.
似乎只有德国海军有入侵(英国)的计划
Only the German navy
seemed to have plans for an invasion.
到希♥特♥勒♥开始对这些计划感兴趣的时候,
By the time Hitler began to
take an interest in them,
陆军有了它自己的计划
并对海军的计划作出批评
the army had its own plans
and was critical of the navy's.
两者(陆军和海军)都指望戈林,
德国空军司令,来赢得制空权...
Both looked to Göring, the Luftwaffe
chief, to win control of the air...
入侵的关键
vital for an invasion.
而戈林相信德国空军光靠自己
就能击倒英国
And Göring believed the Luftwaffe
on its own could knock out Britain.
军种之间的争论持续了几个月
Arguments between the services
went on for months.
陆军一开始想在拉姆斯盖特和
莱姆湾之间的宽阔正面登陆40个师
The army at first wanted to land 40 divisions
on a wide front between Ramsgate and Lyme Bay,
并推进至一条从埃塞克斯郡的马尔登
到塞文河口的战线,
and press on to a line from Maldon
in Essex to the Severn Estuary,
把伦敦封锁起来
sealing off London.
这个计划后来缩减到由9个陆军师
在福克斯通和布赖顿之间登陆,
This was later scaled down to a landing by
nine divisions between Folkestone and Brighton,
并由两个空降师支援...
supported by two airborne divisions...
总共约20万人
about 200,000 men in all.
到了9月,英国已经克服先前的虚弱
By September, Britain had overcome
her earlier weakness
并在东南方向准备了16个师
and had 16 divisions available
in the Southeast.
从德国各地抽调来的一支
入侵舰队在北方港口集♥合♥
An invasion fleet drawn from all parts
of Germany assembled in northern ports.
登陆舰被建造出来,船只被改装为
可以运输部队和(水陆)两栖坦克
Landing craft were built,and boats converted
to carry troops and amphibious tanks.
陆军认为舰队规模太小
The army thought the fleet too small.
海军认为甚至这种规模
的舰队都难以保护
The navy thought even that size fleet
difficult to protect.
两者都同意拥有绝对制空权是至关重要的
Both agreed
that air supremacy was vital.
这个代号♥为"海狮计划"的入侵行动,
被定在九月中旬开始
The invasion, codenamed Operation
Sea Lion, was set for mid-September.
该计划没能给德国空军留下深刻印象,
而一切都得依靠他们
The plans did not impress the Luftwaffe,
on whom everything depended.
在我看来,这个计划不太严肃
In my opinion,
the plan was not serious.
(阿道夫·加兰德空战英雄后任德军战斗机总监)
尤其是海军不想承担责任,
Especially the navy didn't want
to have the responsibility,
(阿道夫·加兰德空战英雄后任德军战斗机总监)
而海军已要求空军首先
and the navy has asked
the air force first of all
在入侵地区上空建立起
绝对...绝对空中优势
to establish the absolute...the absolute
air superiority over the invasion area.
海军所做的准备不是很令人信服
The preparation the navy did
was not very convincing.
还有,我们的准备...
尤其是我所在的航♥空♥队被指派为
Also, our preparation...
My wing,especially,was designated to be
要转移到英国的两个航♥空♥队之一,
one of the two wings
to be transferred to England,
而我们的准备...是可笑的
and our preparations were... ridiculous.
(德国)空军没有为在英国上空进行
一场独♥立♥的空战受训和做好准备
The air force was not trained and prepared to
conduct an independent air war over England.
(加兰德的最终战果为击落104架)
随着入侵舰队被集♥合♥,德国空军
的首批目标是商船队和港口,
As the invasion fleet assambled, the Luftwaffe's
first targets were merchant convoys and harbours,
尤其是在(英吉利)海峡
的狭隘海域上的
particularly in the narrow
seas of the Channel.
多佛开始被称为"地狱火之角"
Dover became known as Hellfire Corner.
总有些什么可供新闻片镜头
或新闻记者报道...
There was always something for the
newsreel camera or the news reporter...
比如,英国广播公♥司♥的查尔斯·加德纳:
for instance, Charles Gardner
of the BBC:
现在德国人正在俯冲轰炸
海上的一支商船队
Now the Germans are
dive-bombing a convoy out at sea.
有一,二,三,四,五,六,七(架飞机)
There are one, two, three,
four, five, six, seven.
现在有一架正对着其目标俯冲
There's one going down
on its target now.
嘭! 不,他错过了该船
他一艘船也没击中
Boom. No, he missed the ship,
he hasn't hit a single ship.
这个船队中大约有10艘船,
但他还没击中过一艘
There are about ten ships in the convoy,
but he hasn't hit a single one.
他们以极其陡峭的角度俯冲
你可以看到炸♥弹♥离开飞机向我们飞来
Here they come in an extreme steep dive. You can see
the bombs actually leave the machines,and coming toward us.
你可以听到我们自己的炮
正在拼命地开火
You can hear our own guns
going like anything now.
有场战斗正在进行
你能听到机关枪子弹发射的声音
There's quite a fight going on. You can hear
the rattling of machine-gun bullets.
那是枚炸♥弹♥,正如你所想象的
That was a bomb, as you may imagine.
有另一颗炸♥弹♥掉下来了
There's another bomb dropping.
它被投下了...它错过了船队
It's dropped... It missed the convoy.
他们所投的炸♥弹♥无一命中船队
They haven't hit the convoy
in all this.
我们刚击中了一架梅塞施密特战斗机!
真是太美妙了
We've just hit a Messerschmitt!
That was beautiful.
现在他正在下坠我想
那绝对是第一次搏斗
He's coming right down now. I think
definitely that was that first contest.
绝对垂直的俯冲我将四处
移♥动♥那样我能看清楚他
Absolute steep dive. I'll just move
round so I can watch him a bit more.
他过来了他要扎入海中了
Here he comes.
He's going slap into the sea.
他就这么完了...嘭!
And there he goes... bam!
哦,天!我从没见过这么好的事
Oh, boy! I've never seen
anything so good as this.
皇家空军的战斗机真的捆住了这些小子们
The RAF fighters
have really got these boys taped.
船队系统被中断了,象多佛
这样的港口被猛烈轰炸
The convoy system was disrupted,
and harbours like Dover were badly hit.
但当城镇遭受(空袭)伤亡,
But while the town suffered casualties,
道丁仍未被迫使用他全部的战斗机力量
Dowding had not yet been forced
to commit his full fighter strength.
战斗机司令部的独特性
The unique thing about Fighter Command
在于当战争在1939年9月爆发时...
was that when war broke out
in September 1939...
我们就有一套覆盖全国的空防系统
we had there a system covering
the entire country for air defence.
而那套系统基于雷达,
或者,就象我们在那些日子里称它的,RDF
And that system was based on radar,
or, as we called it in those days, RDF.
我们沿着海岸有一条
由一长串雷达站组成的链条,
We had this chain of radar stations
around the coast,
它们可以监测到最远100英里(的敌情)
and they were looking out
up to 100 miles.
而且它们可以通过地面线路把
所有信息反馈到战斗机司令部
And they were feeding, on land lines,all the information
to the headquarters of Fighter Command.
雷达真正赢得了不列颠战役
(Aitken) Radar really won
the Battle of Britain,
因为没有它我们就得进行永久性巡逻...
because without it we would have been