战争（2007）

The War S01E03

Part 3 May 17, 2021, 11:49 a.m.

同意让12个黑人成为电焊工之后
after management gave in
to a federal directive
他们在阿♥拉♥巴马干船坞制♥造♥了爆♥炸♥
and agreed to let 12 black
workers become welders.
我们训练他们
We were training them
成为烧制工、焊接工和机修工
to be burners and welders
and become mechanics.
克莱德.奥德姆亚拉巴马州莫比尔
白人对此很不满
And the white people
was resenting it.
新焊工上完第一班工后不久
Shortly after the new welders
had finished their first shift,
白人船厂员工
white shipyard employees
不由分说袭击了黑人
set upon the first blacks
they could find,
叫嚣“黑鬼不许在船厂干活”
shouting, "No nigger is going
to join iron in this yard."
我站在那里看
I'm standing up there watching,
这辈子我从没见过有人这么躁动疯狂
and I never saw people so mad
and agitated in my life.
他们拿着棍子大约3英尺长
And they'd have sticks,
like three-foot long.
他们会把他们打跪在地
They would knock them down
to their knees.
我看到男人和女人的血顺着脸颊流下来
I saw men and women bleeding,
blood running down their face,
他们根本受不住那种夹道攻击
and they didn't stand a chance
coming down that gauntlet,
两边的男女都用棍子打他们
men and women on each side
beating them with sticks.
许多黑人
And a good many of the blacks
跑出去跳下码头
went out and jumped off
the piers,
奋力游过河去
tried to swim the river.
海岸警卫队赶到那里接走他们
Coast Guard was out there
picking them up.
骚乱使整个社区感到不安
The riot upset
the whole community.
大多数上班的人都不敢回家
Most people who worked
were afraid to go back,
因为会有一帮人站在外面
'cause there would be a bunch
standing outside
他们会把车停在那里
and they would have
their cars parked.
他们车里有活动扳手和撬胎棒
And in their cars they had
monkey wrenches
还有类似的东西
and tire irons
and stuff like that.
1千多黑人工人正式要求
More than 1,000 black
workers formally requested transfers
调到其他国防生产岗位
to other defense jobs.
这些要求被拒绝了
The requests were denied.
一些人索性离开了莫比尔
Some left Mobile altogether,
但多数人经过劝说留下来工作
but most were persuaded
to stay on the job.
我们必须派人去找到他们带回来
We had to send out and get them
and haul them back
因为我们需要他们干活
because we needed them
to do the work.
他们回来是因为我们请求他们回来
And they came back because
we begged them to come back.
除非得到一些保护他们不会回来
And they would not go back
until they had some protection.
他们回去后你不得不把他们分隔开
When they went back, this is
when you had to separate them.
通常渡轮会接送任何人
Normally, one ferryboat
would take whoever came.
但在骚乱后他们有一艘渡轮接黑人
But after the riots, they had
a ferryboat to take blacks over
一艘渡轮接白人
and a ferryboat
to take whites over.
最终船厂内部实行了种族隔离
In the end, the
shipyard itself was segregated.
造了4个单独的船台黑人在那里可以
Four separate shipways were
created where blacks were free
自♥由♥从事各种工作除了当工头
to hold every kind of position,
except foreman.
在其他船厂工作的黑人
Blacks working in the rest
of the shipyard
很大程度上仍限于做他们一直从事的
remained largely confined
to the kind of unskilled tasks
那种非熟练工作
they had always performed.
非裔美国人报纸《匹兹堡信使报》
The African-American newspaper
The Pittsburgh Courier
宣称这种妥协是“纳粹种族理论的一次胜利
denounced the compromise as a
victory for "Nazi racial theory
“是《独♥立♥宣言》原则的
"and another defeat
for the principle embodied
又一次失败”
in the Declaration
of Independence."
接下来几个月里全国各地的工业区
In the following months, there
were racial confrontations
都发生了种族冲突
in industrial areas
all across the country...
马萨诸塞州斯普林菲尔德、得克萨斯州亚瑟港
Springfield, Massachusetts,
and Port Arthur, Texas;
俄亥俄州哈伯德、新泽西州纽瓦克
Hubbard, Ohio,
and Newark, New Jersey;
还有底特律那里有34人被杀
and in Detroit, where 34 people
were killed
200多人受伤
and more than 200 wounded.
尽管暴♥力♥活动不断
Despite the violence,
战争还是深刻改变了非裔美国人的生活
the war was profoundly altering
life for African-Americans.
全美有色人种协进会（NAACP）的会员增加了9倍
Membership in the NAACP
increased ninefold.
种族平等委员会要求在餐厅、剧院
The Committee of Racial Equality
demanded the desegregation
和公交线路上废除隔离政策
of restaurants, theaters,
bus lines.
《匹兹堡信使报》努力争取两条战线的胜利...
And the Pittsburgh Courier
campaigned for double victory...
同时战胜国内和国外的自♥由♥之敌
over the enemies of freedom
at home as well as overseas.
重温战争期间写给我的这些信
Going back through
these letters written to me during the war,
我发现几乎每封信都会提到
I find almost every letter
will mention,
凯瑟琳.菲利普斯亚拉巴马州莫比尔
“我们有一封来自希德的胜利邮件”
"We had a v-mail from Sid."
他是全家最关心的人
He was the main concern
of the entire family.
老爹会试着作出他的预测
Daddy would try to anticipate
希德下一站要被派到哪里
where he thought
Sid would be sent next.
塔拉瓦岛战役爆发时
And when the Battle
of Tarawa occurred,
我们在恐惧中过了5天
we lived in horror
for five days.
我们认为希德在打塔拉瓦岛战役
We thought Sidney was
in the Battle of Tarawa.
凯瑟琳.菲利普斯的弟弟希德
Katharine Phillips' brother Sid,
在瓜达尔卡纳尔岛上经受了4个月的磨难
who had endured four harrowing
months on Guadalcanal,
1943年10月时他其实不在塔拉瓦岛而是新几内亚
was actually in New Guinea
in November of 1943, not Tarawa,
备战对新不列颠岛西端的
preparing for an assault
on Cape Gloucester,
格罗斯特角发起的攻击
on the western tip
of New Britain.
我们在格罗斯特角时整天下雨
It rained the entire
time we were at Cape Gloucester.
所有东西都腐烂了
Everything rotted.
衣服和鞋带都烂了
Clothes rotted,
your shoestrings rotted.
所有伤员都被送到我们阵地上
All the wounded were brought
right by our position,
希德尼.菲利普斯亚拉巴马州莫比尔
那个时候我决定
and that was when I
decided I would like to
要在活着时做些有意义的事
do something in life
that would amount to something.
那天我决定要学医
And I decided that I wanted
to study medicine that day.
因为这里遍地是伤员
Because here were
all these wounded
而我没法帮助他们
and there was no way
that I could help them.
格罗斯特角将是一场顽强血腥的丛林战
Cape Gloucester would be
a rugged, bloody jungle campaign,
但菲利普斯很幸运他并不在夺取塔拉瓦岛的
but Phillips was fortunate
not to be among the Marines
海军陆战队当中
ordered to take Tarawa.
中途岛和瓜岛的艰难胜利
The hard-won victories
at Midway and Guadalcanal
终结了日本在太平洋上的扩张
had ended Japan's expansion
in the Pacific.
美军可以双管齐下展开进攻
The Americans were free to begin
their two-pronged offensive.