战争（2007）

The War S01E03

Part 2 May 17, 2021, 11:49 a.m.

在陌生人中间谈这个话题很不合适
And it was very bad to bring up
the subject among strangers.
保罗.福赛尔步兵
你问“你怎么样？”
You'd say, "How you doing?"
他说“我儿子上周四在安齐奥
Well, he'd say, "Well, my son
was killed in Anzio
阵亡了”
last Thursday."
那样的话你和陌生人的关系
And so your relation
to strangers was different
就立刻不同了
from what it is now.
若实在难以忍♥受人们有可能向你倾诉
People were likely to tell you
if things were intolerable.
第三集
第三集
《致命的召唤》
我去海军的征兵处
I went
down to the recruiting office,
志愿入伍
the Navy, and volunteered.
我志愿响应他们
I volunteered
in response to the call
专门为征兵处
that they made specifically
配备人手的号♥召
for men to man the offices.
海军招募官问“你会做什么？”
The recruiter for the Navy said,
"What can you do?"
我说“我会管理办公室
I said, "Well, I can, uh,
I can run an office.
我会打字如果需要我会速记”
I can type, I can take shorthand
if that's needed."
我说“哦对了我有博士学位
I said, "And, oh, yes,
I have a Ph.D.
哈佛历史系的”
in history from Harvard."
我揣摩他会说什么
And I wondered
what he was going to say.
他说“除了肤色你什么都有”
He said, "You have
everything but color."
约翰.霍普.富兰克林俄克拉荷马州
我说“我以为这里有个急症室
And, uh, I said, "Well, I
thought there was an emergency,
但很显然这里没有所以我祝你今天过得愉快”
but obviously there's not,
so I bid you a good day."
那天我发誓他们不会得到我
And I vowed that day
that they would not get me,
因为他们配不上我
because they did not deserve me.
如果我在身体上、智力上
If I was able...
physically, mentally,
各个方面都够格并愿意
every other kind of way,
able and willing
为我的国家服务而我的国家却因为肤色
to serve my country...
and my country turned me down
拒绝我那么我的国家就配不上我
on the basis of color, then my
country did not deserve me.
所以我发誓他们不会得到我
And I vowed then that
they would not get me.
约翰.霍普.富兰克林将坚守誓言
John Hope Franklin
would keep that pledge
从未在军队中服役
and never serve
in the armed forces.
他后来将成为
He would go on to become
全国最卓越的历史学家之一
one of the country's most
distinguished historians.
1月1日国会拨款
By January
1st, Congress had appropriated
20亿美元
over two billion dollars
在美国新兴的战时城市建设应急住房♥
for emergency housing
in America's war boom towns.
请看其中一些钱在莫比尔是怎么花的
Here's how some of it
was spent in Mobile.
这就是我们见到的贫民窟
These are the slums
we have seen.
贫民窟清理项目一直是一些高尚和
Slum clearance projects had been
the local, private enterprise
有远见的当地人的私营事业
of a few high-minded,
far-sighted individuals.
但在莫比尔像这样的项目
But in Mobile,
such projects as these
已经成为好政♥府♥的一项义务
have become one of the
obligations of good government.
住房♥只租给有资格的有色人种军工工人
They are rented only to
certified colored war workers
配套了礼堂、运动场
and are equipped with
auditoriums, playgrounds,
以及日间托儿所当父母在兵工厂
and day nurseries
to take care of the children
工作时孩子可以得到照顾
while their parents are working
in the war plants.
为了缓解莫比尔极度拥挤的状况
To relieve the desperate
overcrowding in Mobile,
全国住房♥局为白人工人
the National Housing Agency
provided 14,000 units
提供了1.4万套住房♥
for white workers...
给黑人的却不到1千套
but fewer than 1,000 for blacks.
现在这个城市有3万非裔美国人
There were 30,000 African-
Americans in the city now...
却只有55张医院病床收治他们
and just 55 hospital beds
that would take them.
有白人饮水处和黑人饮水处
You had a white water
fountain and a black water fountain.
如果一个黑人
And a black would
get into trouble
在白人饮水处喝水就会有麻烦
if he went and drank at
the white water fountain.
约翰.格雷亚拉巴马州莫比尔
我朋友在布鲁克林飞机修理厂头被打开花
My friend at Brookley Field
had his head busted wide open
就是因为他喝了白人饮水处的水
because he drank
at the white fountain.
16岁的约翰.格雷住在皇家大街407号♥
16-year-old John
Gray of 407 Royal Street
战争开始前他在阿♥拉♥巴马干船坞
was working as
a carpenter's helper
当木匠学徒工
at Alabama Dry Dock
before the war began.
当时一个黑人雇工是没法
There had been then no way
for a black employee
晋升到熟练工人行列的
to be upgraded to the ranks
of skilled workers.
类似的歧视也存在于奉行种族隔离的
Similar discrimination was found
in defense industries
整个南方国防工业中
throughout the Jim Crow South
全国其他地区也是如此
and in other parts
of the country as well.
但黑人领袖坚持给黑人工人更多工作
But black leaders had insisted
on more jobs for black workers,
罗斯福总统成立了
and President Roosevelt
had established
公平就业实施委员会
a Fair Employment Practices
Commission
与国防工厂里的种族歧视作斗争
to combat discrimination
in defense plants.
甚至对于莫比尔的
Things were beginning to change
非裔美国公民来说情况也开始改观
even for the African-American
citizens of Mobile.
许多过去在私人家里当厨子
A lot of black people who
used to work in private homes
司机和女仆的黑人也在
as cooks and chauffeurs
and maids
布鲁克林飞机厂找到了工作
got jobs at Brookley Field.
这造成了一些关系紧张
And it created some tension.
一个白人问一个黑人
One white person asked
a black person,
“你知道在哪儿能找到女工吗？
"Do you know where I can
find me a good girl?
我会给她一周25美元和电车费”
I'll give her $25 a week
and carfare."
而黑人妇女告诉她
And the black woman told her,
“如果你能找到一个我会给她35美元”
"If you can find one,
I'll give her $35."
变化带来了麻烦
With change came trouble.
1942年8月一位名叫格罗佛.钱德勒的公交司机
In August of 1942, a city bus
driver named Grover Chandler
开枪打死了黑人士兵亨利.威廉姆斯
shot and killed Henry Williams,
a black private in uniform,
因他拒绝坐到公交车后排去
after he refused to move
to the back of the bus.
他们把公交司机下了狱
And they put the
bus driver in jail,
但他们吹嘘说他从未坐过班房♥
but they boasted that
he never stayed in a cell.
他们让他睡在警长用的小床上
They let him sleep on a cot
that the sheriff used.
最后他们把他放出来
And then they let him out
eventually.
事情平息下去但实际上对那个人什么都没做
It died down, but nothing
was done to the man actually.
紧张持续加剧
Tensions continued to rise.
1943年5月25日星期二早晨
On Tuesday morning,
May 25, 1943,
在管理层对联邦指令让步
they exploded at
the Alabama Dry Dock shipyard,