越战50年（2015）

Vietnam: 50 Years Remembered S01E07

Part 7 Nov. 23, 2021, 1:04 p.m.

but are forced to abandon
their helicopters in the water.
但是被迫把直升机丢进大海
The aircraft carriers
are at full capacity.
因为航♥空♥母舰已经满载
South Vietnam is now
lost to communism.
南越完全落入共♥军♥之手
- It brought a lot
of tears to my eyes
这让我痛心不己
because everything that we did
因为我们所做的一切
to try to help that country out,
就是为了帮助这个国家
and we just walked
away just like
而我们就这样走开
in a lot of the
battles that we had
如同在很多场战争中一样
where we lost a lot
of lives and stuff,
我们牺牲了很多生命
and we didn't retain anything.
但却一无所获
We walked away from
them, and they were
我们从那些国家撤离
just taken over again,
他们再次被占领
and then we fought again.
然后我们又去打仗
You'll probably hear
a bunch of stories,
你也许听过很多故事
Hamburger Hill, Caisson,
《汉堡高地》《沉箱》
how we walked out of
there and just left it.
我们如何走进去又离开
- [Voiceover] July 2, 1976.
1976年7月2日
More than a year after
Saigon is overtaken,
在西贡被占领一年多以后
South Vietnam's provisional
revolutionary government
越南共和国
of the Republic of South Vietnam
南越临时革命政♥府♥
unifies with North Vietnam.
与北越统一
The resulting country is the
Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
从而变成越南社♥会♥主♥义♥共和国
Saigon is renamed
Ho Chi Minh City
西贡被改名为胡志明市
in honor of their late leader.
以纪念他们逝去的领袖
As for the formerly
South Vietnamese,
而以前的南越人
they are faced with
further oppression
他们将面临新政♥府♥
by their new government.
进一步的压♥迫♥
One million are sent
to reeducation camps
100万人被迁往再教育营
sometimes for several years.
有时甚至好几年
Others are forced to move
to new economic zones
还有的人被送往新经济区
where they must
reclaim jungle land,
在那里他们必须开垦林地
and live off it.
并在那里生活
And those are the
lucky ones not executed
而这些人还是幸运的
by the government.
没有被政♥府♥处死
Many take to the
water in their boats
很多人坐船从水路逃跑
fleeing the North
Vietnamese takeover.
以避免受到北越迫♥害♥
These boat people will
become a regular staple
这批人将在数年内
of Vietnam for years to come.
成为越南的常态
Back in America, the
soldiers and servicemen
而在美国士兵和技工
didn't get a ticker tape parade.
没有受到应当的欢迎
Many of them put
their uniforms away,
很多人脱掉制♥服♥
and tried their
best to find jobs,
尽其所能寻找工作
and readjust to
life in the States.
重新开始在美国的生活
Congress passes the Vietnam Era
国会通过“越南时代”议案
Veteran's Readjustment
Assistance Act of 1974
1974年老兵援助议案
designed to ensure
equal opportunity
以此保证老兵在职场上
for vets in the workplace.
获得均等机会
One of the worst
problems in readjustment
而最严重的问题
is through Post Traumatic
Stress Disorder,
就是创伤后应激障碍
also known as "shell
shock" that has taken hold
也称为“炮弹休克症”
in many of the veterans.
让很多老兵为之苦恼
The first Vet Centers
are established in 1979,
第一座老兵中心于1979年建立
and several
organizations of vets
其他老兵组织
spring up over time.
随着时间也开始涌现
Yet, to many in
the outside world,
然而对外界的很多人来说
Vietnam is looked upon
as an embarrassment.
越南仍然被视作一种尴尬
That is about to change.
这必须要改变
- A lot of us coming
home from Vietnam
我们很多人从越南回来以后
really didn't want to
talk about the war.
真的不想谈起这场战争
We felt that America had
turned their backs on us.
我们感觉美国背弃了我们
It was your family's support
that probably kept you going.
是家人支撑着你继续活下去
If you were single,
it's your mother
如果你是单身那就是你母亲
and father, or brother.
你父亲或者兄弟
It was encouragement
to keep going.
是鼓励让你活下去
Don't worry about it.
别担心
I would say my wife
was very understanding
我会说我妻子非常理解
about it because she
had lost her cousin
因为她失去了她的堂兄
who she was close with,
他们关系很好
and she knew I had
gone through it too.
她知道我也有这样的经历
It was a healing process.
这是一种治愈过程
I think the wall
is a great idea.
我觉得纪念墙是个好主意
I think when they put the
Woman's Nursing Memorial there
我觉得他们在那儿建了女护士纪念碑
that was also a great idea
也是一个很好的主意
for a lot of the
things that the women
因为这些女人在越战中
had sacrificed during
the Vietnam War too.
也做出了很多牺牲
- [Voiceover] A wounded
Vietnam veteran, Jan Scruggs,
一位负伤的越战老兵詹·斯克鲁格斯
founds the Vietnam Veterans
Memorial Fund Incorporated
于1979年4月27日
on April 27, 1979, almost
four years to the date
西贡沦陷4年之后
of the fall of Saigon.
建立了越战老兵纪念基金会
They quickly raise $8.4
million in private donations
他们迅速筹集到840万个人捐款
for the building of a memorial.
用以修建纪念碑
- Well, Jan Scruggs
was the founder
詹·斯克鲁格斯是华盛顿
of the Wall in Washington D.C.
纪念墙的创建者
I think a lot of us thought
it was a great idea.
我想我们很多人都觉得这是个好主意
I know I worked through
the American Legion
我通过美国退伍军人协会
to get funds to help build
it and things like that,
筹集资金帮助建立纪念墙
soliciting money, going out
and asking for donations.
征集资金外出募集等
- [Voiceover] Congress
soon offers three acres
国会很快在林肯纪念馆附近
near the Lincoln Memorial
for this new memorial
提供三英亩的土地
on July 1, 1980.
于1980年7月1日建成新的纪念墙
A design competition is
held, and $50,000 is awarded
他们举办设计大赛奖金5万
at the end of the year, to
artist Maya Lin's design.
年底之时艺术家林璎的设计脱颖而出
It is both groundbreaking
and controversial.
它既有开创性也颇具争议
Two walls, 246 feet
long join at an angle
两堵墙 246英尺长构成一个角度
starting at eight
inches on the ends
最尾端8英尺高
to an apex of 10.1 feet.
顶点10.1米高
Recessed in the
ground, the memorial
纪念碑嵌入地面