越战50年（2015）

Vietnam: 50 Years Remembered S01E02

Part 2 Nov. 23, 2021, 1:01 p.m.

hit and run attacks
而是进行打了就跑的战斗
to wear the enemy down.
以此消耗敌军
But where do they run to?
但他们跑去哪？
Strategically, Vietcong
have the hometown advantage,
从战略上讲越共有家乡的优势
one that goes beyond
their infiltration
这样能让他们渗透到
of South Vietnamese villages.
越南南部村庄
Their inclusion of hidden
underground tunnels
他们躲藏在地下隧♥道♥中
and complexes allow
them to literally pop up
这种复杂的地形使得他们
out of the ground, attack
and then disappear.
能够突然钻出地面袭击然后消失
On top of that,
crude and effective
另外残酷而有效的
homemade booby traps litter
自♥制♥诡雷阵
the South Vietnamese landscape.
也遍布南部
Villages that are
secretly sympathetic
秘密支持越共的村庄
to the Vietcong
require every villager
要求每一个村民
to dig three feet a day.
每天掘地三尺
The addition of
underground kitchens,
包括地下厨房♥
sleeping quarters,
and medical stations,
休息区和医药站
as well as stores
of food and weapons
以及食物和武器的储存区
means a Vietcong soldier
can survive underground
也就是说越共士兵可以在地下
for possibly weeks at a time.
生活数周之多
Many of the troops are armed
很多部队使用的武器
with Chinese imitations
是中国造
of the Russian AK-47
submachine gun.
俄式AK-47冲♥锋♥枪♥
As well as various Soviet
and Chinese attack rifles,
以及各种各样的苏联与中国步♥枪♥
rocket propelled grenades
and recoilless rifles.
火箭推动的榴弹和无后坐力炮
One of the first
true assault rifles,
第一批真正的突击步♥枪♥
the AK-47 was designed by
AK-47是由一名
a Soviet World War II veteran.
苏联二战老兵所设计
Modeled on the Nazi
Sturmgewehr 44.
模仿纳粹的STG44突击步♥枪♥
A hybrid of other weapons
such as the M1 Garand,
同时混杂着其他诸如M1加兰德步♥枪♥
and M1 Carbine.
M1卡♥宾♥枪♥等武器
The AK-47, combines
the efficiency
AK47改进了其他武器
of these other weapons with
the deadliness of its design.
设计上的致命缺陷
Less liable to
jam than the M-16,
与M-16相比不易卡住
and easy to clean, the
AK-47 becomes standard gear
而且便于清理于是AK-47
for the Vietcong and NVA.
成为越共与NVA的标配武器
The air war over Vietnam.
越南空战
American forces revel in
their greater air power.
美军得意其强大的空军
On the ground, troops
grow beyond Cold War
地面部队在冷战时期
into the modern
army of the 1960's.
成长为一支现代军队
- I took my infantry training
我的步兵训练
down at Fort Polk, Louisiana.
是在路易斯安那的玻尔克堡
And that was grueling,
to say the least.
至少可以说非常累人
1970—71年美军一级准尉弗雷德·贝伦斯
Anybody who knows
anything about Fort Polk,
任何了解波尔克堡的人
will agree.
都有同感
Life was miserable
there, pure hell.
那里的生活非常凄惨简直地狱一般
And I was pretty tough.
但我非常厉害
All of us were by
the time we graduated
我们所有人在那个时候
from Infantry School there.
已经从步兵学院毕业
- I went to Pensacola
right after graduation.
毕业之后我就去了彭萨科拉
And I did pretty well
all the way through it.
我一直表现优异
I ended up getting jets,
最后登上了喷气机
which was what everybody wanted.
这是所有人的愿望
And, the Navy has a
lot more patrol pilots
海军有更多的巡逻飞行员
1966—73年美国海军指挥官保罗·格兰迪
and helicopter pilots than
it does tactical fighters.
以及直升机飞行员比战斗机多
And so, had to work pretty
hard, but I got 'em.
所以你必须努力工作但我都做到了
A handful of the very
senior instructors,
很多高级指导员
the Commanders and some of the
Senior Lieutenant Commanders
指挥官和一些高级副指挥官
had flown in combat in Korea.
已经飞去朝鲜参加战斗
But that was the end of 1952,
那是1952年底
and we hadn't had any
real stuff happening
在越战开始之前
until Vietnam started.
我们并没有猛将
They had the little
things in Lebanon
他们都在黎巴嫩
and some others.
以及其他地方
The carriers were used for
interdiction a few times,
航♥空♥母舰多次用于封锁
but there wasn't anything big.
但并未有大事发生
So, nobody had any
combat experience.
所以没有人有任何战斗经验
We didn't even think about that.
我们甚至都没有考虑过
But that's what
you're training for,
但这是你训练的目的
so "bring it on",
we wanted to do it.
所以“既来之则安之”我们愿意出战
- We went to Fort Sam
Houston for Basic Training
我们去了休斯顿堡做了基本训练
where we got a uniform,
learned to salute,
在那里穿上制♥服♥ 学习敬礼
that type of thing.
这种事情
And then orders for
our next duty station.
然后接到去下一站的命令
1966—67年美军少尉玛丽·戈兰登
Just learned to
march, to salute.
就是学习行军敬礼
Pretend that we were
in the military.
就像在军队里一样
When I was there, there
were over 300 nurses
我到那以后当时有300多名护士
and 500 doctors.
500名医生
And the doctors were not
happy about being there.
医们很不乐意在那里
They were like
Hawkeyes in M.A.S.H.
他们就像陆军流动外科医院的鹰眼
They had been drafted
都是挑选出来的
and they were just
doing their time.
他们只是打发时间而已
- Oh I got drafted in July 1967.
我是1967年7月被挑选的
And I went to Fort
Dix, New Jersey.
我去了新泽西的迪克斯堡
- I went to Basic Training
end of June of 1968.
1968年6月底接受基本训练
1968—69年美军米切尔·罗伯茨
I went to Great
Lakes Training Center
去的是伊利诺斯州
in Illinois.
五大湖训练中心
And you went through
your basic program
通过基本项目
of learning seamanship
and things like that
学习当时所要求的
that was required at the time.
航海技术等内容
It wasn't until after
I finished boot camp
在结束新兵训练营之后
that I got more training
to go to Vietnam.
我才接受了更多训练参加越战
- We had one man in
our Basic Training,
在基本训练中有一个人
he was an assistant cook
that was very scary.
他是助理厨子非常害怕
And he was straight
out of Deliverance.
当时他被解救出来
I heard that some time later
我听说后来
he ended up stabbing somebody.
他还刺伤他人
The times that I was on KP,