越战50年（2015）

Vietnam: 50 Years Remembered S01E01

Part 4 Nov. 23, 2021, 1:01 p.m.

"is able to assist in
this humanitarian effort.
美国能够在这场人道主义援助中施以援手
"I am instructing the
American Ambassador
我将会指示美国大使
"to Vietnam to examine with you
到越南去和你碰面
"in your capacity as
chief of government
进一步确认
"how an intelligent
program ofAmerican aid
美国政♥府♥通过这一明智的举措
"given directly
to your government
在你的执政能力范围内
"can serve to assist Vietnam
能够直接给你的政♥府♥
"in its present hour of trial.
以多大的帮助
"The purpose of this
offer is to assist
这一援助的目的
"the government of
Vietnam in developing
是帮助越南政♥府♥
"and maintaining a
strong viable state
发展和维护一个能继续生存下去的国家
"capable of resisting
attempted subversion,
能够独自抵挡任何颠覆
"or aggression through
military means."
或者通过武力进行的侵略
- [Voiceover] With U.S. support
在美国的支持下
Diem consolidates his
power in South Vietnam.
吴廷琰巩固了他在南越的政♥权♥
On July 7, 1955,
1955年7月7日
a year after the
Geneva Conference,
日内瓦会议的一年之后
Diem announces
that South Vietnam
吴廷琰宣布
will not participate in
a reunification election
南越将不会参加日内瓦公约中
as called for in the Accords.
号♥召展开的统一大选
They suspect
communists in the north
他们怀疑北部的共♥产♥主义者
will not allow free
and fair voting.
无法保证投票的自♥由♥与公正性
Instead South Vietnam
declares its independence
相反南越政♥府♥宣布建立一个
as a non-communist state.
非共♥产♥主义国家
Lacking a more viable option
别无他法
the U.S. continues to back Diem
美国不得不继续支持吴廷琰
over supporting Ho
Chi Minh's government.
终止对胡志明政♥府♥的帮助
October 13, 1955.
1955年10月13日
Diem's vicious power
struggle against B o i
南越公民要通过公民投票
comes to a head when
South Vietnamese voters
在保大帝与吴廷琰之间择其一之时
decide in a referendum
between the two.
吴廷琰的阴险手段达到顶峰
Diem wins in a landslide.
吴廷琰以压倒性优势获胜
Officially, Diem takes
over 98% of the vote.
官方称吴廷琰的得票率高达98%
Somehow he gains
133% of the vote
然而他在西贡的得票率
in the capital of Saigon.
达到了133%
With only 450,000
registered voters
只有45万登记选民
turning out 600,000 votes
却得到了60万选票
it is a blatant electoral fraud.
这是一场公然的选举舞弊行为
Three days later Diem
announces the formation
三天后吴廷琰宣布越南共和国成立
of the Republic of Vietnam
with himself as president.
自己为共和国总统
And so now there
are two Vietnam's.
这样两个越南最终形成
Diem's Republic of
Vietnam in the south
南部是吴廷琰建立的越南共和国
with Saigon the capital,
以西贡为都
and Ho Chi Minh's Democratic
Republic of Vietnam
北部是胡志明建立的越南民♥主♥共和国
in the north with
Hanoi as the capital.
以河内为首都
Over the next several years
在接下来的几年中
American support
for Diem will grow,
美国对吴廷琰的支持与日俱增
though American
leaders remain uneasy
尽管美国领导人
with the corruption
and brutality
早己深陷腐♥败♥及暴♥政♥的
that mark his regime.
非难之中
The U.S. Military
Assistance Advisory Group
美国♥军♥事顾问小组
under Lieutenant General
Samuel T. Williams
在中将塞缪尔·威廉姆斯的带领下
assumes full responsibility
of organizing and training
宣布全权负责对越南军队的
the South Vietnamese Army.
组织及训练任务
By the end of 1955
there are fewer than 350
1955年底已有不到350名
U.S. military advisers
in South Vietnam.
美国♥军♥事顾问到达南越
In addition to advising
on the development
除了发展和训练
and training of a new
Army they are tasked
一支新的武装力量
with accounting for the
hundreds of millions
他们还负责寻找在法越战争期间
of dollars worth of
military equipment
美国政♥府♥提供的
that the U.S. had provided
价值数百万美元
during the French Indochina War.
莫名其妙销声匿迹的
Equipment that had
mysteriously vanished.
军事装备
American forces double
over the next year,
次年美国政♥府♥加倍投入
and that Army is already
thrown into combat
而那支军队已经被投入战场
against communist forces.
对抗共♥产♥党部队”
Between five and
10,000 Viet Minh
日内瓦会议之后
had failed to go north
after the Geneva Conference.
有五千到一万越盟成员无法去到北越
These men working with other
这些人和其他
insurgent political groups
叛国政♥治♥组织一起
formed the basis
for the Viet Cong.
形成了越南南方民族解放战线的雏形
By 1957 these guerillas clash
1957年这些游击队
with South Vietnamese
Army units.
与南越军队发生武装冲突
Seven times in January alone
仅在1月就发生了7次
and a staggering
140 armed attacks
令人震惊的是在当年最后的三个月里
the final quarter of that year
发生了140起武装袭击
at least 74 are
assassinated or killed
至少74人被捕或死亡
including 20 with the
South Vietnamese government
其中包括20名南越政♥府♥官员
and 31 police or security.
31名警♥察♥或安保人员
Then on July 8, 1959,
Viet Cong activity engulfs
随后在1959年7月8日越共蚕食鲸吞了
a 13 man American
detachment advising
边和市一支有13名美国顾问的
a South Vietnamese
division at Bien Hoa.
南越军队
The detachment watches a movie
这支顾问团
in the mess hall every
night at 1900 hours.
每晚都要在餐厅看电影
This is well known.
这众所周知
The two South Vietnamese
guards on post
两个南越军守卫
turn to watch through
the window that night.
透过窗户看里面的情况
It makes it easy for a
Viet Cong squad of six
这就使得越共的六人小组轻易
to slip through the
surrounding barbed wire fence.
越过周围的倒刺铁丝围栏进来
Three of the Viet Cong
take position at windows
三名越共成员在窗户边抢占位置
and rake the mess hall
with automatic fire.
用自动步♥枪♥扫射餐厅
One American is wounded
and two are killed.
一名美军顾问受伤两人死亡
These men killed,
Major Dale Buis,
死去的人是戴尔·比伊斯少校
and Sergeant Chester Ovnand,
以及切斯特·奥凡德中士
are the first
American casualties
他们是美国在越战中
ofAmerica's Vietnam War.
最初的伤亡人员
It is the first
strategic act of terror
这是越共首次有计划的恐怖袭击