越战50年（2015）

Vietnam: 50 Years Remembered S01E03

Part 4 Nov. 23, 2021, 1:02 p.m.

这很明显是心理战术
designed to not only
spare innocent casualties,
不仅为了避免不必要的死伤
but to also diminish the
morale of the Viet Cong.
也是为了打击越共的士气
Disturbing is the conduct of
the South Korean soldiers.
让人烦扰不安很适合用于形容南韩士兵的行动
They perpetrate both the Binh
An and Tây Vinh massacres.
他们犯下了平安大屠♥杀♥和西荣大屠♥杀♥的罪行
Unarmed civilians
of both villages
两个村庄里手无寸铁的村民
are killed by the soldiers.
都是被士兵所杀
1,200 in Tây Vinh,
and 380 in Binh An.
其中西荣村有1200人平安有380人
Such atrocities will
become synonymous
他们将在越南战争中
with the war in Vietnam.
再次犯下同等暴行
President Johnson, mindful
of potential public outcry
约翰逊总统因顾忌公众对于“捣碎机”行动的反应
over Masher's name, has
the operation renamed
将行动的名称
from Masher to
Operation White Wing.
从“捣碎机”变成了“白翼”
At the end of Operation
White Wing, on March 6,
3月6日在此次行动的尾声
there are 2,389 enemy
casualties, with 1,342 deaths.
敌方死伤人数达2389人其中死亡1342人
The U.S. suffers 288
KIA's, and 990 wounded.
美方则阵亡288人 990人受伤
While Korea and South Vietnam
lose 10 soldiers in action.
而韩国和南越则在此次行动中仅仅失去了十名士兵
On the first day of
Operation Masher,
“捣碎机”行动的第一天
Defense Secretary Robert
McNamara recommends boosting
国防部长罗伯特·麦克纳马拉建议
U.S. troops to more than
400,000 by year's end.
在年底将美国士兵的人数提高到40万人
He doesn't believe that
bombings and deployments
他不认为通过轰炸和部署
will end the war, however.
能够赢得这场战争
The temptations of the
Vietnamese nightlife,
特别是在西贡这样的繁荣都市
particularly in thriving
cities like Saigon,
越南夜生活带来的诱惑
include drug use,
prostitution and alcohol.
不仅有毒品嫖♥妓♥和嗜酒
As troop concentrations increase
在战争初期随着军队人数的增长
in the early days of the war,
so does venereal disease.
性病也扩散起来
From 1965 to war's end,
从1965年到战争结束
VD is the top diagnosis
in all soldiers,
性病是所有士兵患病率最高的疾病
at one in four soldiers.
几乎每四个士兵就有一个患病
Fifty percent of all soldiers
affected come from Saigon
50%受感染的士兵都是来自西贡
or two other base camps.
或者另外两个营地
Gonorrhea is the
primary VD at 90%.
他们患上的性病90%都是淋病
Luckily, it only
requires hospitalization
所幸的是只有1%的人
for only 1% of all its cases.
需要住院治疗
It is still a rate higher
than any previous war.
但这个数字依然高于之前的战争
March 26, 1966.
1966年3月26日
As American involvement
increases in South Vietnam,
随着美国越来越多地参与到南越的战争中去
the most highly-organized
week of protests to date
至今为止最具组织性的抗♥议♥
begin in five cities:
在以下几个城市掀起浪潮
New York, Washington, Chicago,
分别是纽约华盛顿芝加哥
Philadelphia, Boston
and San Francisco.
费城波士顿和旧金山
The National
Coordinating Committee
致力于结束越战的全国协调委员会
to end the war in Vietnam
arranges the protests.
组织了这些抗♥议♥活动
An estimated 30,000 to 35,000
估计有3万到3万5千人
march down New York
City's 5th Avenue alone.
在纽约城第五街道游♥行♥示♥威♥
- But the anti-war movement
但是在伯克利事件之前
really didn't start
until Berkeley.
反战运动还不算真正开始
It started with the
free speech movement,
先是自♥由♥言论运动风潮
1966—1973年美军海军指挥官保罗·格兰迪
which I've got a whole
slew of theories on that,
我很清楚自♥由♥言论有哪些内容
where that comes from.
也知道这是马里奥·塞里奥同志
Mario Savio, comrade
Mario Savio started that.
首先提出的
"We can say anything we want.
“我们想说什么就说什么”
"We have freedom of speech."
“我们有言论自♥由♥”
So he's going around using
the "F" word back in '65.
1965年的时候他打着自♥由♥的旗帜四处宣讲
Then they'd lock him
up, and he'd get out.
他们就把他抓了起来后来他又被放了出来
Anyway, that was the
forerunners at Berkeley
不管怎么说他就是发生在伯克利的
of the anti-war movement.
反战运动的先驱
And I could go on
hours and hours worth
我花了很多很多时间想要搞清楚这是怎么回事
of where it came from because
we heard it all over there,
因在那里经常能听到这件事
and probably knew more
than anybody except
除了中情局的人之外
deep cover intelligence, CIA.
我们应该是知道得最多的人了
- I didn't understand it.
我当时不明白
I didn't appreciate...
我也不认可
I couldn't understand
why people wanted to
我不明白人们为什么
be so negative
against the soldiers.
这么反感士兵
But now that I'm older
I can understand it,
但是在我长岁数之后我明白了
'cause I'm not so hot about
us being in Afghanistan.
因为我也不赞成阿富汗战争
So I guess the way I feel
about being in Afghanistan
我想我对阿富汗战争的想法
is how they felt during that
period about being in Vietnam.
就是当时他们对于越战的想法吧
- [Voiceover] They are to be
far from the final protest
对于反对越战的抗♥议♥舌动
against the war in Vietnam,
还远远没有终结
and a harbinger of
the civil unrest
而国内动荡的前兆
it will come to
define the decade.
将会让这个十年变得明确
January 10, 1967.
1967年1月10日
President Johnson,
约翰逊总统
in his State of the
Union Address for 1967,
在他1967年的国情咨文演说中
despite social
criticism of Vietnam,
无视国内反战浪潮
stands firm that American
troops will maintain a presence
坚决支持美军驻军越南
until North Vietnam
aggression ceases.
直到北越不再进犯
- Until such efforts succeed,
直到我们的努力有所回报
or until the
infiltration ceases,
直到敌人不再进犯
or until the conflict subsides,
直到冲突平息
I think the course of
wisdom for this country is
我认为美国的明智之举
that we just must firmly
pursue our present course.
应该是坚守现今的立场
We will stand firm in Vietnam.
我们将在越南坚定不移
(applause)
[掌声]
I think you know that our
fighting men there tonight
我想大家也知道
bear the heaviest burden of all.
身在战场的我们的战士们今晚承受着最沉重的重担
With their lives, they
serve this nation,
他们用自己的生命为这个国家做出贡献
and we must give them nothing
less than our full support.
我们应该全力支持他们
And we have given them that.
我们一直以来就是这么做的
Nothing less than
the determination
我们应该给予他们决心
that Americans have always
given their fighting men.
就像我们过去给这些战士的一样
Whatever our sacrifice here,
无论要做出何种牺牲
even if it's more
than $5 a month,
就算是再大的牺牲
it's small compared
to their own.
也比不上他们的牺牲