越战50年（2015）

Vietnam: 50 Years Remembered S01E01

Part 1 Nov. 23, 2021, 1:01 p.m.

- [Voiceover] At 20
minutes past three,
三点二十
presented by Hires,
海尔斯公♥司♥将出品
the Quality Beverage
with Distinctive Taste.
口感独特的高能软饮
Saigon - Defense
Secretary McNamara
在西贡国防部长麦克纳马拉
on his new visit to
Vietnam will be told
在最近一次访问越南的过程中
that there are more enemy troops
将会被告知在南越的军队数量
in South Vietnam
than ever before,
多于往常
an estimated 296,000.
预计为29.6万人
Washington - The State
Department says it has
美国国♥务♥院♥称
no knowledge of any Vietnam
peace talk possibilities
今日一日外交官提及的
as mentioned today by
a Japanese diplomat.
越南和平谈判基本没有开展的可能
(dramatic music)
[音乐]
- We Americans know,
我们美国人清楚
although others
appear to forget,
即使其他国家的人已开始遗忘了
the risks of spreading conflict.
但我们还记得战争冲突的危害
We still seek no wider war.
我们依然在寻求不再扩大战争的方法
- [Voiceover] The
Vietnam War will redefine
越南战争将会重新定义
the concept of war and will test
战争的含义同时
the shifting perspectives
of a great country.
也会鉴证个大国应对转变的能力
It will occupy and consume
several U.S. presidents
它影响了几任美国总统
and serve as a backdrop for
social and world change.
也将成为社会和世界转变的大背景
These are the stories of
the soldiers and leaders
本纪录片讲述了了越南战争中
who experienced victory and loss
经历过战争沉浮
on both the personal
and world stage
人生兴衰的
of the Vietnam War.
老兵的故事
Before the Second World War
第二次世界大战之前
the French controlled the region
法国享有
of the Indochina Peninsula
中南半岛的主导权
which included Vietnam,
Cambodia and Laos.
包括越南柬埔寨及老挝
After France falls to
Germany early in World War II
之后法国在二战中败给德国
Japan takes control of
the region while still
日本掌控了中南半岛的控制权
leaving the French
administration largely in place.
但仍然在大部分地区保留了法国的行政机构
The U.S. Office of
Strategic Services,
美国战略情报扃
predecessor to the CIA,
中♥央♥情报局的前身
works with Vietnamese
Nationalists
与越南民族主义者一道
to fight against their
Japanese occupiers.
对抗♥日♥本的殖民统治
Those Vietnamese
are led by a man
这些越南人有一个共同的领袖
who decades later
becomes infamous
在随后的数十年间
in the United States
and in the world.
在美国乃至全世界变得声名狼藉
His name is Ho Chi Minh.
他的名字是胡志明
Minh leads the Vietnam
c L p ng Minh,
胡志明领导着越南独♥立♥同盟会
the League for
Vietnamese Independence,
越南独♥立♥同盟会
which is later shortened
to simply Viet Minh.
简称越盟
As World War II comes to an end
随着二战的结束
the allies question
how to liberate
同盟国开始讨论
countries conquered
and decimated
如何解放被轴心国占领
by the Axis Powers,
和摧毁的国家
but the end of World War II
但是二战的结束
immediately leads to a fear
却迅速激起了
that communism will spread
to engulf the world,
共♥产♥主义会扩散至全球的恐惧
and Ho Chi Minh,
而胡志明
in addition to being a
Nationalist is a communist.
除了是一名民族主义者也是共♥产♥主义者
President Harry Truman
哈里·杜鲁门总统
having inherited the presidency
在罗斯福总统死后
after Roosevelt's
death would rather see
继任了总统一职
French Colonialism over
更愿意看到法国殖民♥主♥义
an independent
communist Vietnam.
而不是独♥立♥的共♥产♥主义越南
Just weeks after Ho Chi Minh
就在胡志明宣布越南独♥立♥的
declares Vietnam's independence
几周之后
the U.S., U.K.
and U.S.S.R. argue
美国英国苏联
that Indochina
belongs to the French.
提出中南半岛隶属于法国
As the ravaged France
lacks the forces
由于法国在战中受到毁灭性打击
to retake Vietnam,
无法分心越南
British forces hold the country
英国♥军♥队取得了越南南部
south of the 16th parallel
北纬16度以南地区的控制权
while Nationalist Chinese
forces held the north.
中国国♥民♥党♥军队占领了越南北部
Meanwhile, communism
spreads like a virus.
同时共♥产♥主义像病毒一样蔓延
In January, 1946 the
Chinese Civil War
1946年1月
between Nationalist and
Communist forces resumes.
第二次国共内战开始
That same month
Albania newly liberated
同一时间阿尔巴尼亚
from Nazi occupation itself
摆脱了纳粹的统治
becomes a communist state.
宣布解放成立共♥产♥主义国家
In February, Joseph
Stalin gives a speech
二月约瑟夫·斯大林在演讲中称
that decrees the
Capitalist development
在全世界范围内
of the world economy will make
资本主义的发展
another war inevitable.
无疑将会引发另一场战争
Anticipating this
the Soviet Union
出于该种设想
starts preparing
to defend itself.
苏联开始无限扩展以自卫
Stalin's speech is seen
as the underpinnings
斯大林的演讲成为
of the emerging Cold War.
冷战开始的导火索
Ho Chi Minh and his Viet Minh
胡志明及其领导的越盟
begin talks with France
for complete independence.
开始与法国交涉希望获得完全独♥立♥
French forces will replace
法国♥军♥队将会取代
the Nationalist's
Chinese in the north
中国国♥民♥党♥在越南北部的驻军
and in return France
will recognize Vietnam
作为回报法国将会承认越南是一个
as a free republic within
the broader French Union,
法兰西联邦统治下的自♥由♥共和国
but negotiations fall apart
但是谈判并没有达成一致
and by the end of 1946 the
French become embroiled
1946年底法国卷入了
in the eight year
First Indochina War.
为期八年的第一次印度支那战争
The Viet Minh rely
on guerrilla tactics
越盟依靠武元甲将军
led by General Vo Nguyen Giap,
日本占领越南时期一位顽强的领袖
a resistance leader during
the Japanese occupation.
带领游击战
The French boast
artillery and air support
法国大肆鼓吹大炮及空军
to defeat the Viet Minh
in traditional battles.
将会在传统♥战♥争中大败越盟
Viet Minh, however, fight
any way but traditionally.
然而越盟在战争中摒弃了传统的方式
The Viet Minh are
initially hampered
战争初期越盟受到了
by inferior weaponry.
武器装备差的困扰
That will change.
但情况即将得到改善
Meanwhile, the
United States focuses
同时美国将目光
on the growing communist
threat in Europe.