越战50年（2015）

Vietnam: 50 Years Remembered S01E07

Part 3 Nov. 23, 2021, 1:03 p.m.

a lot of years,
我交了很多年费用
but never went to meetings
because they didn't like us.
但是从没参加过会面因为他们不喜欢我们
- I think the biggest
thing that bothered me
我觉得最让我心烦的事
especially when I came back,
尤其在我回来之后
I think my family
was aware of it,
我想我的家人注意到了
I think my wife was aware of it,
我妻子注意到了
is that we didn't
get the gratitude
我们没有得到
that we were expecting.
我们所期待的感激
We'd grown up seeing pictures
of the guys coming home
我们从小就看到从二战归来的人
from World War II in columns
and getting welcomed back.
归国以后受到热烈欢迎
Especially, even like
in the Korean War,
尤其是朝鲜战争
a lot of guys came
home as a unit.
很多都是整个部队回来的
The Vietnam War it
was totally different.
越战完全不同
- [Voiceover] While the
returning veterans deal
归国的老兵
with social and
emotional fall-out,
还要面对社会和情感上的辐射
many of them develop
health issues
很多人出现的健康问题
stemming from Agent Orange.
源自于脱叶剂橙剂
Sprayed until 1972, it
was common for soldiers
部队要除去越共的掩获和农作物叶子
to get misted with Agent Orange
士兵经常要忍♥受橙剂
in the Army's defoliation of
Viet Cong cover and crops.
这种橙剂一直喷到1972年
- If you know anything
about Vietnam was divided up
如果你了解越南
into four areas, and Saigon
was known as Four Corps.
它分成四个区西贡是第四军团
We were up in Da Nang.
我们当时在岘港
It was known as I Corps
for the Roman numeral one.
是第一军团
We had some spraying towards
the Ho Chi Minh Trail,
我们对胡志明小道进行喷雾
but nothing like they
did in the South.
但是跟南方完全不同
But even so, the
word was getting out
尽管如此有人传话出去
that there could be something
wrong with the water.
说水可能有问题
- Basically, they used Agent
Orange to kill the foilage
他们使用橙剂来除掉
around the rivers so
that the Viet Cong
河边的叶子
couldn't attack the Navy boats
以使越共无法袭击
that went up the tributaries,
逆流而上的军船
but they also used
it out in the field.
但是他们在那里也使用了
When the soldiers came
in you have to remember
当士兵回来以后你必须记住
the nurses cut off
their uniforms,
护士要切开他们的制♥服♥
and their uniforms would be
saturated with Agent Orange.
而他们的制♥服♥也满是橙剂
So the nurses were exposed
to it just like the men,
所以护士和士兵一样暴露于橙剂之中
maybe in a different manner,
也许方式不同
but we were exposed to it also.
但是我们也暴露其中
At that time, nobody knew
当时没有人知道
that Agent Orange was dangerous.
橙剂是危险的
The men will tell you
that they'd be out
他们会告诉你他们去了那里
in the field, and
they would be sprayed,
他们做过喷雾
literally sprayed,
and their uniforms
而他们的制♥服♥上
would be saturated with it,
就充满了这种东西
but they were told
there was no problem.
但他们被告知没有任何问题
- [Voiceover] Many,
like Mary Walker,
很多像玛丽·沃克这样的人
developed health issues ranging
逐渐出现健康问题
from various types of
cancer, asthma, rashes,
患上各种癌症哮喘皮疹
leukemia, to birth
defects in children.
白血病并且通过生育传给孩子
These veterans will
face a legal battle
这些老兵在接下来的几年里
in coming years with the
first class action lawsuit
进行一场自1979开始
beginning in 1979 on behalf
of 2.4 million veterans.
代表240万老兵的集体诉讼
June 12, 1973.
1973年6月12日
With the servicemen and women
当服役的士兵们
back on America's shores,
回到美国海岸之时
President Nixon is
faced with keeping
尼克松总统仍然承诺保护南越
South Vietnam protected, but
without a military presence.
但撤出军队
His intent is to
watchdog North Vietnam
其意图在于盯住北越
hoping they have
learned from the costly
希望他们从惩罚性的圣诞轰炸中
and punitive Christmas Bombing.
了解他们要付出的代价
- [Voiceover] Particularly
due to the fact
尤其是基于一个事实
that we've told them I don't
think a personal assurance,
我们已经告诉他们我不认为个人担♥保♥
and that, but by God,
if they don't do it,
上天保佑如果他们不遵守协定
the congress is gonna
cut off their water.
国会将切断他们的支持
- [Voiceover] That's
right. That's right.
不错
- [Voiceover] That
appeals to them more
我觉得这样比其他任何东西
than anything else, I think.
对他们都更有吸引力
- [Voiceover] Oh,
I'm sure it does,
肯定是这样
and they can't be
under any illusions
对于任何方面
on either of those points.
他们都不能心存幻想
- [Voiceover] 1973
sees the apparent end
1973年见证了
of the war in Vietnam,
越战的结束
but the start of one in Israel
但是以色列战争的开始
which causes oil and
gasoline prices to soar.
导致石油和汽油价格高涨
Inflation will not
only affect America,
通货膨账不仅影响了美国
but the rest of the world
而且影响了全世界
including struggling
South Vietnam.
包括正在挣扎中的南越
Later that June, the passing
of the Case-Church Amendment
那年六月美国国会通过的凯斯-丘奇修正案
by the U.S. Congress
forbids the President
规定总统未经国会批准
from taking any military
action in Laos, Cambodia,
不得对老挝柬埔寨以及越南
or Vietnam without prior
congressional approval.
进行任何军事支持
This veto-proof legislation
is approved two to one
这一立法得到了众议院
in both the House
and the Senate.
以及参议院的批准
The ban includes
bombing which ceases
禁令包括禁止轰炸
on August 14, 1973.
轰炸于1973年8月14日停止
On November 7, 1973,
Congress passes
1973年11月7日国会通过了
the War Powers
Resolution which requires
战争权力决议案
the President to gain
Congress' approval
在向国外派驻军队前
before sending troops abroad
within a full 90 days.
90日内必须获得国会批准
President Nixon's
hands are tied.
尼克松总统权力受限
These new restrictions
on his powers
对于其权力的限制
will give North Vietnam
the opportunity to operate
使得北越趁机采取行动
without fear of
American reprisal.
而不必畏惧美国进行报复
(gunshots)
[枪声]
But Nixon now has a