越战50年（2015）

Vietnam: 50 Years Remembered S01E04

Part 1 Nov. 23, 2021, 1:02 p.m.

- [Voiceover] And
to be advancing
继续前进
through the outskirts
of Quang Tri City
从东部和西南部
from the east and southwest.
穿过广治郊区
North Vietnamese
resistance has not
迄今为止北越居民
been especially tough up to now,
并不是厉害的角色
but it is said to be stiffening.
但是据说他们在逐渐变强
Meanwhile, North
Vietnamese soldiers
与此同时北越士兵
continue to fire
artillery and rockets
在不断朝顺化发射大炮火箭弹
at Hue, raising fears
that the communists
恐慌与日俱增所以共♥产♥党可能
might be letting
the South Vietnamese
会用计谋让南越人
advance on Quang Tri as a trick
朝着广治前进
to pull away the
defenses around Hue.
以避开顺化周围的防守
(dramatic marching music)
[音乐]
- [Voiceover] President
Lyndon B. Johnson
林登·贝恩斯·约翰逊总统
keeps the United States active
让美国在越战中
in the war in Vietnam.
保持活跃
The government does
its best to keep
政♥府♥用坦诚政策
the country in the
dark about the war
极力把人♥民♥蒙在鼓里
through the administration's
policy of candor.
对战实毫不知情
"The war will be a
short one," they claim.
他们声称“战争会很快结束的”
1968 will prove them wrong.
到了1968年他们会知道自己大错特错
This is the year
the United States
这一年美国将会面临
will face a bloody
and brutal offensive,
血腥残酷的反♥攻♥
as more about the war hits home
战争击中美国要害
to a disenchanted populace.
人♥民♥不再抱有幻想
- It was pretty quiet
where we were mostly
我们所在的地方基本上还算平静
except for Tet '68,
the end of January.
除了1968年7月的新春攻势
1967—1968年美军特里·斯蒂尔
And that's when all
hell broke loose.
这也是灾难袭来的时刻
- [Voiceover] As 1967
ends, North Vietnamese
随着1967年结束
attacks throughout South Vietnam
北越在南越的袭击
stretch allied forces towards
the demilitarized zone.
由盟军蔓延至非军事区
Loc Ninh is attacked
on October 29th, 1967,
禄宁在1967年10月29日受到袭击
Dak To on November 23rd, 1967.
达喀图在1967年11月23日受到袭击
By mid December, U.S.
command turn sole defense
到了十二月中旬美国指挥官把
over to the South
Vietnamese's 5th Ranger Group.
唯一的防御转移到南越第5骑兵团
They are to be supported
他们将得到美国
by the U.S.'s 2nd
Battalion, 13th Artillery.
2营第13炮兵的支持
The U.S. II Field Forces,
a corps-like group
美国第2野战部队
made up of 39 battalions
是一支39个营组成的特种部队
under the command of Lieutenant
General Frederick C. Weyand.
他们听从费雷德里克·卡尔顿·韦安德将军的指令
His task was search and destroy
他的任务是搜寻并摧毁
a Viet Cong and North
Vietnamese bases
越共在柬埔寨边界附近的
close to the Cambodian border.
北越基地
Weyand, a veteran
of both World War II
韦安德参加过二战和朝鲜战争
and the Koran War, is uneasy.
这名老兵此刻心神不宁
Why aren't his soldiers
encountering more enemy troops?
为什么他的士兵还没有碰到更多的敌军部队？
Why is radio traffic surrounding
Saigon greater than usual?
为什么在西贡的无线电拥堵情况会比往常严重？
Appealing to General
Westmoreland,
向威斯特摩兰将军上诉后
Weyand is allowed to call
some of his forces back
韦安德获准将部队撤至
to the 29-mile Saigon
circle surrounding the city.
西贡外♥围♥29英里圈
Weyand, it will turn
out, is prescient.
之后的事证明了韦安德是有先见之明的
January 21st, 1968.
1968年1月2日
The Marine garrisoned
at Khe Sanh
海军派部队驻防溪山
remotely located
in South Vietnam
溪山遥遥坐落在南越
has been fortified by
General William Westmoreland
美国♥军♥事援助越南司令部
of the U.S. military
assistance command in Vietnam.
威廉·威斯特摩兰将军对溪山加固防御工事
6,000 Marine strong,
Westmoreland fears
部署6000名海军勇士
Vietnamese forces
will overtake the area
威斯特摩兰害怕北越军会赶到这片区域
to further strengthen
their hold.
进一步加强他们的行动
On January 21st, the People's
Army of North Vietnam
1月21日那天北越正规军
strike with a
bombardment of the base.
朝这个基地进行轰炸
90% of the U.S.
forces' artillery
美军部队90﹪的大炮和迫击炮
and mortar rounds are destroyed.
都被摧毁
18 Marines are killed
with 40 wounded.
海军18死 40伤
President Johnson and
General Westmoreland
约翰逊总统和威斯特摩兰
decide to hold the base
决定守住基地
and launch an
offensive bombardment
对溪山附近的敌军
of the enemy forces
near Khe Sanh.
发起反♥攻♥炮击
This first attack
lasts for two days.
第一次袭击持续两天
The base with its outpost
前哨基地封锁了
blocked the main
avenue of approach
进入广治省东部的
into eastern Quang Tri province.
主要太道
The desired solution
to the problem
用空中机动部队袭击
using air mobile assaults
and strength was not possible
是解决这一困境的最好办法但行不通
owing to lack of both
personnel and aircraft.
由于缺乏人力和飞机
Had they been available,
即便这些都不缺乏
the weather would
have complicated
三四月份以前天气不定
such an operation
before March or April.
也会给作战添上麻烦
Not to be overlooked
was the possibility
敌军主要力量很可能
of drawing a major enemy force
会前来摧毁此地
into a position where it
could be decisively destroyed.
这点不能忽略
Another consideration
in the decision
这一决定也是考虑到
was that the defense of Khe Sanh
防御溪山
could be envisioned
as a classic example
可以看做是
of economy of force.
节省兵力的一个经典例子
It seems certain that the two
几乎可以确定的是这两支破碎的
cracked North Vietnamese
army divisions,
北越陆军师
might have been used
elsewhere in the province,
可以用在广治省别的地方
could be contained by one
reinforced Marine regiment
有了空军和炮兵袭击的大力支持
with a major assist from
air and artillery strikes.
他们会受到加强的陆战团的牵制
In addition to
these two divisions,
除了这两个师外
two other enemy divisions
敌人保存下来的
held and reserved by the enemy
另两个师
were never committed
because the situation
从未投入战斗因为形势
failed to develop in
the enemy's favor.
没有按他们的意愿发展
General Westmoreland
had but two choices:
威斯特摩兰将军只有两个选择