越战50年（2015）

Vietnam: 50 Years Remembered S01E04

Part 6 Nov. 23, 2021, 1:02 p.m.

保住他们的性命
90% of the time.
我们可以保证90%的生存几率
And we were very proud of that.
这是个值得我们骄傲的成绩
- [Voiceover] The Vietnam War
越南战争中首次
is the first to use helicopters
利用直升机
to transport the
wounded and dying
来运输伤者和亡者
to receive medical care.
还作为医疗点来使用
And hospitals were situated
人们也建设了许多战地医院
to take these wounded
soldiers and civilians
来治疗由医疗直升机带来的
brought in by airlift.
伤兵和普通群众
- We were in Quinn
Yan, which is a city
我们当时在清永
on the ocean, on
the South China Sea.
它是临近中国南海的一个港口城市
The Army was very proud to say
我们可以很骄傲地说
that if you were wounded
out in the field,
当有人在战场上受了伤
that you were only 15 minutes
away from medical care.
如果他离医疗点只有5分钟路程
So you went to the
nearest medical facility
那他就可以去最近的医疗设施
which could be an evac hospital,
那有可能是个撤离医院
a clearing company,
or a MASH unit.
也可能是个医疗后送站或者陆军流动外科医院
Then a couple of times a week
一周里有那么几次
I was in evac hospital.
我会在撤离医院里工作
We would have what was called
a regurge from the surge,
直升机总会接二连三地
which meant all the
choppers would come in
送不同地区的伤兵过来
with patients who
were in other areas.
当时我们把他们称作“蜂拥而至的难民”
And sometimes their
OR would be running
那时候手术室几乎全日无休
up to 72 hours, because
they would come through
病人要先通过
our triage area, go to preop,
伤病员鉴别分类接着进行术前治疗
then they would go to surgery,
然后去做手术
then they would go to postop,
手术完成后
then they would go to the
units, to the nursing units.
他们会被送往病房♥
After that, after a few days
if they were stabilized,
几天后等病情稳定后
the Air Force would come in
空军会把他们
and evacuated them to Japan
or the Philippines or Guam.
送到日本菲律宾或者关岛
So it was a steady
flow of patients.
这是个完善的医疗体系
You would maybe know a patient
一个病人一般都只会在医院里
for three or four
days, and that was it.
住上三四天然后就会被转移
- [Voiceover] The
combat nurses regularly
战地护士一周通常要工作六天
worked 12-hour shifts,
six days a week,
一天工作12个小时
serving not only the soldiers
brought in from battle,
她们不仅要救助伤兵
but also volunteering
and administering
而且要无偿照顾
medical aid to the local
South Vietnamese population.
当地的南越辞众
Their schedules are physically
and psychologically grueling,
这样的工作让她们身心疲惫
as they were often overtaxed
at the end of major battles.
如果遇上大型的战役她们更是废寝忘食
- We worked 12 hours
seven days a week,
我们每周工作7天每天轮班12个小时
from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m.
or 7 p.m. to 7 a.m.
从早上7点到晚上7点或者从晚上7点到第二天早上7点
You'd go get supper or
breakfast, whatever,
我们都是吃了早饭或者晚饭
and then you'd go to bed,
然后就倒在床上睡觉
get up and do it all over again.
接着起床继续工作如此循环
And your main job was to
take care of the soldiers,
一旦有伤兵被送进来
the casualties as they came in.
我们就要不停地工作
- [Voiceover] As the
war starts in 1965,
1965年在越战刚打响时
there are only 113 hospital beds
南越的医院里只有113个床位
and 15 nurses in South Vietnam.
和15个护士
By 1968, the buildup of
medical units is completed,
到1968年战地医疗体系已完善
adding 11 Reserve and
National Guard units.
新增11个国民护卫队和后备部队
900 nurses are serving
23 Army hospitals
900个护士在23个战地医院中随时待命
and one convalescent center,
新建起一个康复中心
with a total of 5,283 beds.
里面设有5283个床位
Nurses average 23 years of age,
护士的平均年龄是23周岁
with only 35% of them
其中只有35%的人
having more than two
years' experience.
有超过两年的实践经验
79% are women,
护士中女性占79%
and 21% are male nurses.
剩下的21%是男性
As these nurses enter their
12 month tour of service,
他们被直接送至新山空军基地
they're flown directly to
the Tan Son Nhut Air Base
提供为期12个月的医疗服务
before processing for
their assignments.
根据他们的表现他们会被分配到不同的岗位
Most field hospitals are
located on large airfields
大部分的战地医院都在大型机场附近
in close proximity to
division headquarters
距离师部或者军队聚集她
or troop concentrations.
也不远
Due to their vulnerability
in the war zone,
由于医院无力抵御敌袭
hospitals were not always
spared from the ravages of war.
医院往往成为敌人的目标
Because of this, they
are heavily guarded.
因此医院通常都是重兵把守的
- We weren't close
to the front lines,
战地医院不设在前线
but a lot of times the front
lines would come to us.
但是经常被当成战争的前线
Sometimes the VC would
surround Quinn Yan.
如果越共♥军♥队包围了清永
We would be on alert.
我们会特别警惕
We would have to go
to our hospital unit.
不过我们还是必须到
We'd go on the floors,
take care of the patients.
医院的病房♥里照顾病患
The armory would
break out the M-16s,
美国♥军♥队会从军♥火♥库里拿出M16步♥枪♥
give it to the medics, the
medics would form a perimeter.
然后在医院建立环形防线
Luckily while I was there,
幸运的是
we didn't have any problem.
我们当时没遇到什么麻烦
We weren't overrun.
医院没被毁掉
The patients, of
course, were upset.
病人们当然很担心
I would tell them, don't worry.
我会对他们说别担心
If they don't put a gun
in my hand, we're safe.
他们还没给我配枪呢我们很安全
(laughs)
[笑]
Don't worry until they put
that M-16 in my hand, boys.
等他们给我配枪时再担心吧大兵们
- [Voiceover] Many nurses wear
light olive cotton fatigues
许多护士都身着橄榄绿军装
rather than a traditional
white uniform.
而不是白色的护士服
Their service goes beyond the
battlefield and armed forces,
他们不仅要为军队服务
as Army nurses regularly
move out to clinics
还经常要到专为普通群众而设的诊所中
established for the
civilian population,
给人们提供医疗服务
providing immunization
and basic medical care.
例如预防接种和基本的医疗保健服务
They also conduct sick calls
他们还会到当地人家中
to Vietnamese homes
and orphanages.
还有孤儿院里出外诊
- Usually if you had
to travel a distance,
当我们要去比较远的地方时
you went in chopper,
but you could look down.
在直升机上往下看就能看到河流
And if you're on a river,
if you follow the river,
顺着河流往前看
you can see oxen and
that type of thing.
就会看到牛群和其他东西