越战50年（2015）

Vietnam: 50 Years Remembered S01E02

Part 6 Nov. 23, 2021, 1:01 p.m.

to secure for themselves,
the full blessings
为保护自身保护天赐的美国生活
ofAmerican life.
做出的努力
Their cause must
be our cause too.
他们的目标也必须是我们的目标
Because it's not just Negroes,
因为不仅仅是黑人
but really it's all of us
而是我们所有人
who must overcome
the crippling legacy
必须克服传统的
of bigotry and injustice.
偏见与不公正
And we shall overcome.
我们也应当克服
(applause)
[掌声]
- [Voiceover] Shortly
after, the President
不久之后
must also address the
escalation of the war
总统便忙于扩大
in Vietnam.
在越南的战争
Which will come in his "Peace
Without Conquest" speech
也就是他在霍普金斯大学
at Johns Hopkins University.
所做的“不用征战的和平”演讲
April 7th, 1965.
1965年4月7日
- In recent months,
attacks on South Vietnam
最近几个月针对南越的袭击
were stepped up.
逐渐升级
Thus, it became necessary for us
因此我们有必要
to increase our response.
加大行动
And to make attacks by air.
并且进行空袭
This is not a change of purpose.
我们的目的没有改变
It is a change in
what we believe
改变的我们所认为的
that purpose requires.
为这一目的必须进行的改变
We do this in order to
slow down aggression.
我们这么做是为了阻止入侵
We do this to increase
the confidence
我们这么做是为了增加
of the brave people
of South Vietnam
勇敢的南越人♥民♥的自信心
who have bravely born
this brutal battle
他们遭遇了这场残酷的战争
for so many years with
so many casualties.
如此多年如此多的伤亡
And we do this to
convince the leaders
我们这么做是为了说服
of North Vietnam
and all who seek
北越的领导人
to share their conquest
of a very simple fact.
以及所有希望打胜仗的人一个事实
We will not be defeated.
我们不会被打败
(applause)
[掌声]
We hope that peace
will come swiftly.
我们希望和平很快到来
But that is in the
hands of others
但是这除了看我们
besides ourselves.
还要看其他人
And we must be prepared
而我们必须做好
for a long, continued conflict.
长♥期♥ 持续作战的准备
It will require patience
as well as bravery.
这既需要耐心也需要勇气
The will to endure as well
as the will to resist.
需要忍♥耐和对抗的决心
- [Voiceover] Away
from the microphone,
放下麦克风
Johnson allegedly
tells his aides,
约翰逊告诉他的副官
"Old Ho can't turn that down."
“老胡无法拒绝”
But Ho Chi Minh
does turn him down.
但是胡志明却拒绝了他
And the U.S. force in
Vietnam continues to grow.
在越南的美军继续增加
By July, there are
125,000 troops.
至7月份军力已达12.5万人
March 1965.
1965年3月
John Paul Vann returns
to South Vietnam
约翰·保罗·范恩三年之中
for the first time
in three years.
第一次返回南越
When Vann was last there,
范恩上一次在南越时
it was as part of the U.S. MACV,
是作为美国驻南越军援司令部成员
commanded by
Westmoreland's predecessor,
由威斯特摩兰的前任
General Paul Harkins.
保罗·霍金斯将军指挥
Entrenching himself
in all aspects
为了确保自己
of the ground in South Vietnam,
对南越各方面的了解
Vann quickly
uncovered many truths.
范恩很快发现了很多事实
Primarily, the
South Vietnamese's
第一南越人
lack of will to
fight their enemies.
缺乏与敌人作战的决心
- The South Vietnamese Rangers
南越游骑兵
were a very good cut of soldier.
曾经是一支非常出色的部队
But for the general soldier,
但作为战士
they didn't have the spirit
that they should have.
他们缺乏应当有的精神
And when their country was
being invaded from the north,
当他们的国家被北越入侵时
I think they should've
fought harder.
我觉得他们应该更努力的战斗
Witnessing the corruption
of the Diem government,
目睹了吴廷琰政♥府♥的腐♥败♥
and the military standstill
against the Vietcong.
以及对越共♥军♥事行动的停顿
Vann makes it his mission
to convey the truth
范恩觉得有必要将越南的事情
about Vietnam to his superiors.
告知其上司
And the incompetency on display
并认为自己
at the battle ofAp Bac.
无法胜任指挥之职
Returning to America
in April 1963,
范恩于1963年4月返回美国
Vann's final report
as a senior adviser
作为一名高级顾问
uses inarguable
statistics to show
他的总结报告使用无可争辩的数据
that the amount of
enemy troops killed
证明敌军伤亡数量
was actually two-thirds
lesser than reality.
比实际上少了三分之二
With the MACV counting
civilians killed
MACV将死亡的平民
as enemy troops.
也当作敌军统计
Unable to get a
forum in Washington
他的建议无法在华盛顿
over his concerns.
进行讨论
And feeling stuck in a dead end,
感觉走进了死胡同
John Paul Vann left
the army in July 1963.
约翰·保罗·范恩于1963年7月离开军队
His courage in
talking to the media,
他鼓起勇气向媒体
particularly the New
York Times reporter
尤其是纽♥约♥时♥报♥记者
David Halberstam,
大卫·哈伯斯坦的讲述
brought attention to the
government's shortcomings
引起人们对政♥府♥在越战当中
in the Vietnam War.
失误的关注
Now, Vann is still
determined to improve
如今范恩仍然决心改变
the situation in Vietnam.
越南的壮况
But this time, as an official
但这次是作为
of the Agency for
International Development.
一名国际机构的官员
The U.S. government agency
for foreign civilian aid.
美国政♥府♥外国居民救助机构
He will be in it
for the long haul.
他会长♥期♥在此任职
On 22nd February 1965,
1965年2月22日
General William C.
Westmoreland, USA Commander,
美军指挥官威廉姆·威斯特摩兰将军
U.S. Military Assistance
Command Vietnam
美军驻越南军援司令部指挥官
requested two Marine battalions
要求派出两支海军陆战队
to protect the key
airbase at Da Nang
保护岘港的空军基地
from increasing
threat by the Vietcong
以避免日益增长的越共♥军♥队
to U.S. installations.
摧毁美军设施
In response, on the
8th of March 1965,
作为回应 1965年3月8日
the 9th Marine Expeditionary
Brigade, the MEB,