詹姆斯·卡梅隆的科幻故事（2018）

因为穿越回过去影响了
because something about going back in time
他们的大脑
affects their brain,
他们真的日渐癫狂
and they do start losing their minds.
如同其他电影 《命运之门》明确暗示
Like many other movies, "Primer" does indeed suggest
时间旅行要付出代价
that there is a cost to time travel,
在这部电影里 代价体现在心理以及身体上
and in this case the cost is both emotional and physical.
你手怎么了 在流血吗
What's on your hand? Are you bleeding?
我们看到电影里的角色
So when we start seeing our characters show up,
他们耳朵流血
and they've got, you know, bloody ears,
不知道怎么写字
and they lose the ability to write,
右手写的字像左手写的
their right-handed writing looks like their left-handed writing,
他们大脑出现的问题
there's something going on mentally
正是他们付出的代价
that they are paying the price with.
时间旅行的故事就像浮士德
The time-travel story, it's a kind of Faustian tale.
和恶魔讨价还价
The bargain with the devil.
任何事都是一种交换
Everything is a barter.
如果你把灵魂出♥卖♥♥♥给恶魔
If you sell your soul to the devil,
你便可以得到想要的一切
you can have everything you ever dreamed of.
但最终你会付出代价
But eventually you pay the piper.
谁不想知道过去
Who doesn't wonder about the past?
谁又不想知道未来
Who doesn't wonder about the future?
这个游戏到底玩了多少遍了
How many times has that game been played, you know,
基努·里维斯
演员
如果你能穿越回过去 你想去哪里
if you could go back in time, where would you go?
你还记得第一次听说时间旅行是什么情形吗
Can you remember the first time you ever heard of time travel?
"古希腊人一定提到过时间旅行
"I think ancient Greeks must have had time travel.
莎士比亚的作品也一定提到了时间旅行"
Isn't there some time travel thing in Shakespeare?"
对吧 但并不是这样的
Right? But there isn't.
詹姆斯·格雷克
作家
《时间旅行简史》
时间旅行很年轻 是个新的概念
Time travel is new. Time travel is a new idea.
H.G.威尔斯
《时间机器》
H.G.威尔斯之前 时间旅行是不存在的
Before H.G. Wells, it didn't exist.
《时间机器》
造就威尔斯时间旅行故事的是一台机器
What Wells gave the time travel story was the machine.
人可以造出这种机器在时间中穿梭
The idea that somebody could build a machine that would do for time
如同火箭在太空中一般
what rocket ships would do for space.
加里·K·沃尔夫
作者
《伟大的科幻小说作品是怎样炼成的》
这个想法令人无法抗拒
And the idea was just irresistible.
在英文中 "时间"和"旅行"这两个单词
It's literally true that the words "Time" and "Travel"
从未被放在一起使用 直到H.G.威尔斯
in English were never used together before H.G. Wells
创造了这样一个角色 他称之为
invented this character that he called...
时间旅行者
The Time Traveller.
夜幕像熄灯似的突然降临
《时间机器》
青闰译 译林出版社 2012年12月
又一转眼就到了明天
实验室模糊不清 烟雾弥漫 随后越来越暗
明天的夜晚来临 接着又是白天黑夜
又是白天 越来越快
我的祖父在1♥8♥9♥5年写下这段文字
My grandfather, H.G. Wells, wrote that in 1♥8♥9♥5.
西蒙·威尔斯
导演
《时间机器》2002
这是《时间机器》的初版
This is a first edition of "The Time Machine."
刚开始 什么好卖♥♥他就写什么
Firstly, he was writing anything he could sell.
那些为我们所熟知的小说
The novels that we now know,
H.G.威尔斯
《莫洛博士岛》
那些伟大的科幻文学
which are these great science-fiction novels,
是在他从事记者工作多年后才写的
came after he'd spent years writing as a journalist,
H.G.威尔斯
《隐形人》
但那个时候出现了大量革命性的
but there was an enormous amount of kind of revolutionary science
科学成果
going on at the time.
达尔文是在用几十亿万年的尺度
Darwin was talking about the history of human life
来讨论人类生命的历史
in terms of millions and billions of years.
考古学家当时也在做着同样的事情
Archaeologists were doing the same thing.
人类发展出了比以往更加宏大的时间观
Humanity was developing a longer view of time than ever before.
当我谈论时间的时候 先生们
When I speak of time, gentlemen,
我指的是第四维度
I'm referring to the fourth dimension.
H.G.威尔斯的《时间机器》中
H.G. Wells, "The Time Machine,"
他笔下的人物穿越到了未来
his character goes forward in time,
这没什么问题
no problem there.
安迪·威尔
科幻故事作家
倒回到过去 则是完全不同的事情了
Going back in time -- entirely different thing.
如果你回到过去 那么你将碰见
If you go back in time, then you start running
各种各样由因果关系导致的问题
into all sorts of issues with causality.
这一观点用一个词组来表达就是
And that's the view that's expressed in the phrase,
蝴蝶效应
the butterfly effect.
一个复杂系统中的微小改变或微小扰乱
A tiny change, a tiny perturbation in a complex system
会在很短的时间内产生巨大的
can have enormous and unpredictable consequences
不可预测的后果
in a fairly short time.
这要从雷·布莱伯利的《雷霆万钧》说起
And it starts with "A Sound of Thunder" by Ray Bradbury.
《雷霆万钧》
这个故事的基本情节是 你可以穿越到过去
The basic idea of the story is that you can travel back in time,
但你要留在这个悬浮的平台上
but you're going to be on this suspended platform.
你还可以射杀恐龙
And you can shoot a dinosaur,
但得保证它是即将死掉的
but it has to be one that was going to die anyway,
这样你就不会改变未来的任何事情
so that you don't change anything in the future.
可是有一位傲慢的猎人
And this fairly arrogant game hunter
走出了平台并杀死了一只蝴蝶
steps off and kills a butterfly...
回到原来的时空后 他的未来变成了
And comes back and his future has turned into
原来世界的反乌托邦的样子
this kind of dystopian version of his own world
他几乎认不出来了
that he barely recognizes.
布莱伯利创造了这些具有深意的暗喻
Bradbury creates these deep metaphors
这些暗喻很大程度上塑造了
that give shape to a lot of the way
强纳森·列瑟
《菲利普·K·狄克精选集》
人们后来所理解的诸如
I think people have subsequently understood
时间旅行的概念
ideas like time travel.
如果你在过去改变了一只蝴蝶
Oh, if you change a butterfly in the past,
整个未来都将随之变化
the entire future might be different.
时间旅行故事的作家们在考虑
When writers of time travel stories
一切所发生事情的逻辑后果时
consider the logical implications of everything that happens,
他们就被困在这些悖论中了
they get tied up in these paradoxes.
罗伯特·海因莱因是第一位从时间旅行悖论中
Robert Heinlein is the first writer to get the pleasure
获得愉悦感和兴趣的作家
and peculiarity of time travel paradoxes
也发现了它们可以被反复不断地利用
and how they can be exploited again and again and again.
他认为时间旅行故事所面临的问题
He sees that the problem with time travel stories
并不成为问题 而是一个机会
isn't a problem, it's an opportunity.
他写了一些故事 包括《你们这些僵尸》
He wrote stories like "All You Zombies,"
但是它和僵尸没有任何关系
which has nothing to do with zombies, by the way,
它讲述了可能是有史以来最令人困惑
but it has to do with probably the most completely confusing
也最令人愉悦的时间悖论科幻故事
and delightful science fiction time paradox story there is,
这个故事被改编成了电影《前目的地》
which was made into the film "Predestination."
我能做到这个 我能改变我的过去
I can do this, I can change my past.
《前目的地》
是的 你能
Yes, you can.
你有没有想过改变你的过去呢
Have you ever thought about changing yours?
我从未偏离过自己的使命
I never deviate from the mission.
《前目的地》讲述的是
Predestination
一位雌雄间性的时间旅行者
is about an intersex time traveler
彼得·斯派瑞
导演
《前目的地》
迈克尔·斯派瑞
导演
《前目的地》
她在生命的一开始是一位女性
who starts life as a woman --
后来被强迫转变性别 成了一位男性
is forced into gender reassignment, becomes a man.
然后这个男人穿越到过去
That man then travels back in time,
爱上了女性身份的自己
falls in love with his female self,
然后这位女性生了一个孩子
That female self then has a child
这个孩子成为了他们自己的造物
which ends up being the creation of themselves.
因此这是一个关于雌雄间性的
So it's an intersex time-traveling
时间旅行禁忌爱情故事
incest love story.
事实上《花♥花♥公♥子♥》杂♥志♥拒绝了这个故事
And in fact "Playboy" Magazine rejected the story
因为里面的性故事让《花♥花♥公♥子♥》的编辑
because all the sex made the editor queasy,
感到有些恶心
the editor of "Playboy."
我觉得这是因为跟自己发生性行为
Well, I think it had to do with the idea of having sex
而生出你自己的这个想法
with yourself to create yourself,
有一点疯狂