美国内战（1990）

The Civil War S01E09

Part 5 Jan. 16, 2022, 8:20 p.m.

“第220号♥作品——美国士兵雕像，价格450美元。
"Number 220--Statue of American Soldier, price, $450.
“如作为家庭纪念像用途
"When used as a family monument
“并提供已故士兵的照片，
"and photos of the deceased soldier can be furnished,
“我们会仿制一个非常逼真的全新头部。
"we will model a new head in a true likeness.
仅需额外付费150美元。”
The extra cost will be but $150."
康涅狄格州布里奇波特，永生青铜公♥司♥
The monumental bronze company, Bridgeport, Connecticut.
“1865年7月4日，弗吉尼亚州霍尔山。
"Hall's Hill, Virginia, July 4, 1865.
“又一个独♥立♥日，这是我在军中的第5次了。
"Another independence day in the army, and this has been my fifth.
“第1次我们是在华盛顿附近的克拉克营地过的，
"The first we passed at Camp Clark near Washington,
“第2次是哈里森码头，
"the second at Harrison's landing,
“第3次是在宾州葛底斯堡，第4次在彼得斯堡，
"the third at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, the fourth at Petersburg,
“而今天我们完成了自己的任务，回到华盛顿。
"and today we are back in Washington with our work finished.
这一天过得很愉快。”
The day has been fun."
以利沙.亨特.罗德斯
Elisha Hunt Rhodes.
战争成就了以利沙.亨特.罗德斯。
The war made Elisha Hunt Rhodes.
战争期间他从列兵成长为陆军上校，
Having risen from private to colonel during the war,
此后他被擢升为准将，
he was promoted to brigadier general after it,
然后在普罗维登斯做棉花和羊毛生意。
then went into the cotton and wool business in Providence.
他把几乎所有闲暇时光都献给了退伍军人事务，
He devoted nearly every idle hour to veterans' affairs
从未错过一场他们团的重逢聚会。
and never missed a regimental reUnion.
“美国不分南方、北方、西方、东方。
"America has no north, no south, no east, no west.
“太阳从小山顶升起，从大山上落下。
"The sun rises over the hills and sets over the mountains.
“指南针只是指示上下。
"The compass just points up and down,
“现在我们可以嘲笑存在
一个北方和一个南方的荒谬想法。
"and we can laugh now at the absurd notion of there being a north and a south.
我们是统一和不可分离的。”
We are one and undivided."
山姆.沃特金斯
Sam Watkins.
山姆.沃特金斯回到田纳西州的
哥伦比亚镇经营家庭农场，
Sam Watkins returned to Columbia, Tennessee, ran the family farm,
晚上写作他的回忆录《H连》，
and in the evenings worked on his memoirs, Company Aytch,
尽管他说，
despite, he said,
“就象待在一间挤满了年轻南军士兵的屋子，
他们在我身边萦绕不去。”
"a house full of young rebels clustering around my knees and bumping my elbows."
要不是战争，这些人可能在其他场合成为要好的朋友。
But for the war, these men were like any other possible friends.
詹姆斯.赛明顿前国会议员
你会想起托马斯.哈代的诗。
You can remember Thomas Hardy's poem.
詹姆斯.赛明顿前国会议员
詹姆斯.赛明顿前国会议员
“若他和我相逢于某间古早客栈中，
"Had he and I but met, in some old ancient inn,
詹姆斯.赛明顿前国会议员
“若他和我相逢于某间古早客栈中，
"Had he and I but met, in some old ancient inn,
“兴许我们会坐下对饮几大盅。
"We might sit down to wet right many a nipperkin.
“但在步兵队伍里站定，我们直面对方脸庞，
"you know, but ranged as infantry, standing face to face,
“彼此相互开枪，把他打死在那个地方。
"I shot at him as he at me, and killed him in his place.
“打仗，奇怪又荒唐。
"strange and curious, a war is.
你开枪撂倒这个家伙，若在酒吧你会请他喝酒，
或者帮他付清小账。”
You shoot a fellow down you'd treat where any bar is, or help to half a crown."
难道不是吗？尤其在我们这个社会里，
这些人有着共同的历史，
Isn't that it? especially in our own society, where these men shared a common history,
这些男女，他们同样的热爱自♥由♥，
men and women, shared a common love of liberty,
当自♥由♥搅动他们的生活时，
他们用略有不同的英语词汇来表达见解。
gave it slightly different English as it spun through their lives,
尽管如此，
but at the same time,
一旦死亡降临而不再需要争斗的时候，
when death came and there was no more to fight about,
那种爱与尊重再度涌起，他们又团结在一起。
the sort of ocean of love and respect closed over them again, and they were together.
“我认为我们明白♥军♥人的声誉就是——
"I think we understand what military fame is--
“战死在沙场上，
"to be killed on the field of battle
在报纸上留下我们拼错的名字。”
and have our names spelled wrong in the newspapers."
威廉.特库姆塞.谢尔曼
William Tecumseh Sherman.
威廉.特库姆塞.谢尔曼仍留在军中，
William Tecumseh Sherman remained a soldier,
与印第安人作战，回避政♥治♥直到1883年退休。
fighting Indians and shunning politics until his retirement in 1883.
“如果被提名，我不会参选，”
"If nominated, I will not run,"
他对一个力劝他竞选总统的共和党代表团说。
he told a republican delegation urging him to run for president.
“如果当选，我不会就职。”
"If elected, I will not serve."
1♥8♥9♥1年冬他死于纽约。
He died in New York city in the Winter of 1♥8♥9♥1.
脱帽站在教堂外严寒中的名誉护柩者当中，
Among the honorary pallbearers who stood bareheaded in the cold outside the church
有82岁高龄的乔.姜斯顿，
was 82-year-old Joe Johnston,
他曾在乔治亚和卡罗莱纳和谢尔曼作战。
who had fought Sherman in Georgia and the Carolinas.
当一位朋友警告他有可能生病时，姜斯顿告诉他，
When a friend warned him he might fall ill, Johnston told him,
“如果我处在谢尔曼的位置，而他站在我这里，
"If I were in Sherman's place and he were standing here in mine,
他不会戴上他的帽子。”
he would not put on his hat."
姜斯顿10天后死于肺炎。
Johnston died 10 days later of pneumonia.
“1866年4月。
"April 1866.
“这里有些夜晚有月光，清冷而阴森，
"There are nights here with the moonlight, cold and ghastly, and the whippoorwills
“只有夜鹰和尖叫的猫头鹰扰乱这片寂静，
"and the screech owls alone disturbing the silence,
我终于可以扯着头发独自哭泣，
为过去的一切，也为一切都已过去。”
when I could tear my hair and cry alone for all that is past and gone."
玛丽.切斯纳特
Mary Chesnut.
当詹姆斯.切斯纳特和玛丽.切斯纳特回到桑树园时，
When James and Mary Chesnut returned to mulberry plantation,
他们发现旧居被北军士兵搬空，棉花被烧掉。
they found the old house stripped by Union men, the cotton burned.
玛丽和她先前的奴隶搭档，靠卖♥♥黄油和鸡蛋赚点小钱，
Mary managed to make a little money selling butter and eggs in partnership with her former slave,
她继续写作，
and she continued to write,
但她从未完成修订她的战争日记的艰巨任务。
but she never completed the mammoth task of reworking her war diary.
杰弗逊.戴维斯从未以叛国罪受到审判，
Jefferson Davis was never tried for treason,
他也从未为自己请求过特赦。
nor could he ever bring himself to ask for a pardon.
坐牢2年之后，
After two years in prison,
他被保释出狱，靠一个富有寡妇的慈善团体度过余生，
he was released on bond and spent the rest of his life living off the charity of a wealthy widow
致力于写作一本长篇回忆录，
and working on a massive memoir,
《南方邦联政♥府♥的兴衰》
The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government.
他81岁时去世，死时仍相信自己的事业是正义的。
He died, still persuaded of the justice of his cause, at the age of 81.
密西西比州的海勒姆.雷维尔斯成为史上
Hiram Revels of Mississippi became the first black man
第一位当选联邦参议员的黑人，
ever elected to the United States senate,
以填补最后由杰弗逊.戴维斯持有的席位。
filling the seat last held by Jefferson Davis.
南方邦联副总统亚历山大.斯蒂芬斯被短暂监禁，
Vice president Alexander Stephens was imprisoned briefly
后来在乔治亚州再次获得他原先的议员席位，
and then re-elected to his old congressional seat from Georgia
就好像从未有过邦联这回事。
as if there had never been a Confederacy.
玛丽.托德.林肯再也没有从丈夫的死亡中恢复过来。
Mary Todd Lincoln never recovered from her husband's murder.
她的儿子泰德死于1871年。
Her son Tad died in 1871.
5年后，
Five years later,
她的长子罗伯特把她送进了精神病院。
her eldest son Robert had her committed to a mental institution.
她在斯普林菲尔德度过了最后的时光，
She spent her last years in Springfield,
待在一个永远拉上窗帘的房♥间里，几乎从不外出。
rarely leaving a room whose curtains were never raised.
对于战场上的天使克拉拉.巴顿，
残酷的工作还在继续。
For Clara Barton, the angel of the battlefield, the grim work continued.
战后，她来到安德森维尔，帮助安排成千上万
After the war, she went down to Andersonville and helped arrange dignified burial
死在那里的联邦战俘体面的下葬，
for thousands of the Union prisoners who had died there,
后来又创办了美国红十字会。
then went on to found the American Red Cross.
1865年11月10日，安德森维尔监狱的
指挥官亨利.威尔兹
On November 10, 1865, Henry Wirz, commandant at Andersonville prison,
因战争罪在华盛顿旧国会监狱的院子里被绞死。
was hanged in the yard of the old capitol prison in Washington for war crimes.
他辩称他只是听从命令。
He pleaded he had only followed orders.
沃尔特.惠特曼出版了《桴鼓集》，
Walt Whitman published Drum Taps,
一本他认为是自己最好的内战诗集，
a book of civil war poems he thought his finest,
后来主要转向散文创作。
then turned largely to prose.
他的作品使美国文学发生了革命性的变化。
His writings revolutionized American literature.
菲尔.谢里登到西部去对付新的敌人，
Phil Sheridan went out west to take on a new enemy,
宣称唯一的好印第安人就是死去的印第安人。
declaring that the only good Indian was a dead Indian.
乔治.阿姆斯特朗.卡斯特也去了西部，
George Armstrong Custer went west, too,
怀着自己不可战胜的信念。
carrying with him his belief in his own invincibility.
1876年，苏族和夏安族印第安人证明他错了。
In 1876, the Sioux and Cheyenne proved him wrong.
乔治.麦克莱伦在竞选中败给林肯后旅居国外3年。
George McClellan stayed abroad for three years after losing the election to Lincoln.
他说，在那里听不到关于他的谣言。
He heard no slander about himself there, he said.
后来他回国，并当选新泽西州的州长。
Then he came home and got himself elected governor of New Jersey.
萨姆特堡的征服者皮埃尔.斯塔夫.图坦特.博雷加德，
The conqueror of Fort Sumter, Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard,
他推广铁路、经营路易斯安那的彩票业，发了大财。
promoted railroads, managed the Louisiana state lottery, and got rich.
内森.贝德福德.福雷斯特也推销铁路，但失败了。
Nathan Bedford Forrest promoted railroads, too, but failed.
1867年，他成为三K党至高无上的宗师，
In 1867, he became the first imperial wizard of the Ku Klux Klan
但当三K党变得即便对他来说都过于暴♥力♥，他退出了。
but quit when the Klan grew too violent even for him.
丹.西克尔斯将军侥幸逃脱了军事法庭
对他在葛底斯堡所犯错误的审判。
General Dan Sickles somehow escaped court martial for his blunder at Gettysburg.
他把自己在桃园丢掉的一条腿装进一个迷你棺材，
He had the leg he lost in the peach orchard mounted in a miniature casket
把它送给华盛顿的陆军医学博物馆，
and gave it to the army medical museum in Washington,
50年间他定期去那里参观。
where he visited it regularly for 50 years.
约翰.贝尔.胡德从数次惨烈的战斗中幸存下来，
John Bell Hood, who had survived some of the fiercest fighting of the war,
却在1878年新奥尔良的黄热病流行期间
与妻子和女儿一起病死，
died with his wife and daughter in the New Orleans yellow fever epidemic of 1878,
留下10个孤儿。
leaving 10 orphaned children.
乔治.皮克特从未走出对他的师