美国内战（1990）

The Civil War S01E08

Part 2 Jan. 16, 2022, 8:20 p.m.

62,000 men in blue were on the move in two great columns.
他们的补给火车长达25英里。
Their supply train stretched 25 miles.
一个奴隶看着大军川流不息经过时大声问，
是不是有人还留在北方未曾出发。
A slave watching the army stream past wondered aloud if anybody was left up north.
“如果他失败了，
"The name of the Captor of Atlanta,
“亚特兰大征服者的名头，就会永远成为
"if he fails now, will become the scoff of mankind
“人类笑柄和联邦的耻辱。
"and the humiliation of the United States for all time.
如果他成功了，就会被树碑立传。”
If he succeeds, it will be written on the tablet of fame."
《伦敦先驱报》
London Herald.
[炮声]
[cannon fire]
“我们正走到原先叛军工事外的小山上，停下来回望。
"Reaching the hill just outside the old rebel works, we paused to look back.
“我们身后就是废墟中的亚特兰大，
"behind us lay Atlanta in ruins,
“黑烟升腾到空中，遮天蔽日。
"the black smoke rising high in the air, hanging like a pall.
“然后我们调转马头向东。
"Then we turned our horses' heads to the east.
“亚特兰大很快就消失在树林后面，
"Atlanta was soon lost behind the screen of trees
成为一段过去。”
and became a thing of the past."
过往累积的证据表明，一支部队可以
It had been cumulative evidence that an army could subsist itself
靠地里生长的东西为生，无论冬天还是夏天，
on what was growing in the fields, winter or summer,
他们就象一座移♥动♥的城市。
and they were a moving city, like.
他们沿途会在谷物磨坊自己磨玉米，
They would grind their own corn at grist mills along the way,
自己屠宰牲口。
butcher their own cattle.
谢尔曼对自己能在不必操心给养问题的情况下
Sherman was perfectly satisfied he could make the march
完成这次出征，感到非常满意。
without difficulty with regard to supplies.
实际上，他们行军时吃的比他们不行军时要好。
In fact, they ate better on that march than they did not marching.
甘薯弥足珍贵，还有猪肉。
Sweet potatoes were particularly prized, and pork.
他们敞开供应。
They had plenty to eat.
“这可能是史上最大型的游乐活动。
"This is probably the most gigantic pleasure excursion ever planned.
“自我当兵以来可从没见过，
"It already beats everything I ever saw soldiering
并且还承诺要更加丰富。”
and promises to prove much richer yet."
“我们有一场肆意妄为的行动。
"We had a gay old campaign.
“毁掉一切我们没法吃掉的东西，偷走他们的黑鬼，
"destroyed all we could not eat, stole their niggers,
“烧掉他们的棉花和杜松子酒，泼光他们的糖浆，
"burned their cotton and gins, spilled their sorghum,
烧毁扭弯他们的铁道，并引起普遍声讨。”
burned and twisted their railroads, and raised hell, generally."
谢尔曼的部队扒开铁道，
Sherman's men tore up railroads,
加热铁轨，把它们拧到无法修复。
heating the rails and twisting them beyond repair.
这成了“注册商标”——谢尔曼的领带。
It became a trademark--Sherman's neckties.
他禁止手下抢掠路过的人家，
He forbade his men to plunder the homes they passed,
但不管是他还是他的手下，都没把这命令太当真。
but neither he nor they took the order very seriously.
“我已经有了一个军团，可以秩序井然的
烧杀抢掠，还能给一头猪去毛。”
"I've got a regiment that can kill, gut, and scrape a pig without breaking ranks."
“他们说谢尔曼的行军路线上不留活物，只有烟囱，
"They say no living thing is found in Sherman's track, only chimneys,
“象电报杆一样，向后传递他袭击的消息。”
"like telegraph poles, to carry the news of his attack backwards."
玛丽.切斯纳特
Mary Chesnut.
“我怀疑历史上是否有过类似状况，
"I doubt if history affords a parallel
“比得上南方妇女的苦大仇深。
"to the deep and bitter enmity of the women of the South.
凡是亲眼见过或亲耳听过她们的遭遇，
必定感受到她们强烈的仇恨。”
No one who sees them and hears but must feel the intensity of their hate."
[炮声]
[cannon fire]
“目力所及之处，
"As far as the eye could reach,
“房♥屋燃烧的熊熊火焰照亮天空。
"the lurid flames of burning houses lit up the heavens.
“我站在屋外的游廊上，
"I could stand out on the veranda
“当北方佬过来时，我隔着2到3英里能看见他们。
"and, for 2 or 3 miles, watch the Yankees as they came on.
我永远都会记得他们途经每一户朋友家时的情景。”
I could mark when they reached the residence of each and every friend on the road."
军队洗劫了奴隶的小屋，同样还有大宅，
The troops looted slave cabins, as well as mansions,
把推弹杆插♥进♥花坛寻找埋藏的贵重物品，
poked their ramrods into flower beds in search of buried valuables,
焚烧沿途的一切。
and burned everything in their path.
“我熏肉房♥里的上千磅的肉都不见了。
"The thousand pounds of meat in my smokehouse is gone.
“我的18只肥火鸡、母鸡、小鸡和家禽，我的小猪，
"My 18 fat turkeys, my hens, chickens, and fowl, my young pigs
“都被他们在院子里
"are shot down in my yard
象土匪一样的开枪打倒。”
as if they were the rebels."
“这场针对公民的运动当中的残酷行径，
"The cruelties practiced on this campaign towards citizens
“足以摧毁比我们的目标更神圣的事业。
"have been enough to blast a more sacred cause than ours.
我们无法取得成功。”
We hardly deserve success."
在乔治亚州米利奇维尔，
At Milledgeville, Georgia,
谢尔曼的部下在南方钞票点燃的篝火上煮咖啡，
Sherman's men boiled their coffee over bonfires of Confederate currency,
举♥行♥了一次模拟立法♥会♥议，
held a mock session of the legislature
通过一项让乔治亚州重返联邦的决议。
that passed a resolution returning Georgia to the Union.
当一群形容枯槁的人踉跄着走近火光时，
Sherman's men were feasting on delicacies foraged from local farms
谢尔曼的手下正在享用从当地农场觅得的美味。
when a band of emaciated men tottered into the firelight.
他们是从安德森维尔监狱逃出来的联邦战俘。
They were Union escapees from Andersonville prison.
一位印第安纳上校记得，这群饿殍的模样
An Indiana colonel remembered that the sight of the starved men
使他的部队感到“恶心和狂怒”。
"sickened and infuriated" his troops.
“在劫掠的时候，他们想起成千上万
"When foraging now, they think of the tens of thousands
“被囚禁的战友慢慢在饥饿中死去，
"of their imprisoned comrades slowly perishing with hunger,
于是他们挥舞着毁灭的镰刀，扫除一切。”
and they sweep with the scythe of destruction."
[炮声]
[cannon fire]
谢尔曼率军完成这趟行程，将穿越425英里敌方领土，
Before they were through Sherman and his men would cross 425 miles of hostile territory,
造成损失达1亿美元的大破坏。
and wreak $100 million worth of havoc.
南方永远无法忘怀。
The South would never forget.
“我们会战斗到底。
"We will fight you to the death.
“哪怕死上一千次，总好过屈服于你们
"better to die a thousand deaths than submit to live under you
和你们的黑人盟友。”
and your negro allies."
约翰.贝尔.胡德将军
General John Bell Hood.
胡德少了一条腿，只用一只胳膊，
Lacking a leg and the use of one arm,
每天早上他都得把自己捆在马鞍上，
John Bell Hood had to be strapped to the saddle each morning,
但他打仗依然象以往一样奋不顾身。
but he fought as hard and as recklessly as ever.
胡德和他日益萎缩的部队试图转移谢尔曼的注意力，
Hood and his dwindling army now tried to divert Sherman's attention
向北移♥动♥加入内森.贝德福德.福雷斯特的骑兵，
by moving north to join forces with Nathan Bedford Forrest's cavalry
并侵入田纳西。
and invade Tennessee.
谢尔曼很高兴。
Sherman was delighted.
他说，“如果他要去俄亥俄河，我会给他配给口粮，
"If he will go to the Ohio River, I'll give him rations," he said.
“我的生意就在南边。”
"My business is down south."
在田纳西等着胡德的是一支装备精良的全新北军，
Waiting for Hood in Tennessee was a fresh, well-equipped Union army
比胡德军的规模大1/3，
1/3 again as large as Hood's,
由乔治.托马斯指挥的“奇克莫加岩石”。
commanded by George Thomas, "the rock of Chickamauga."
在富兰克林，胡德下令进行了13次无望的冲锋，
At Franklin, Hood ordered a series of 13 hopeless charges
有12名南军将军和7千名士兵丧生，
in which 12 Confederate Generals and 7,000 soldiers were lost,
超过U.S.格兰特前一年在冷港的损失，
More men than U.S. Grant had lost at Cold Harbor the year before,
也比1862年乔治.麦克莱伦在七天战役损失的人多。
more than George McClellan lost in all the battles of the 7 days in 1862.
富兰克林战役令人毛骨悚然，
Franklin is a horrendous battle,
葬送了最精锐的部队。
and the flower of the army fell.
人们强烈怀疑，胡德试图通过发动那样的冲锋，
There's a strong suspicion that Hood was trying to discipline his army
来惩罚他的军队，这其中有一定的道理。
by staging that charge, and there's some truth in it.
他的军队遭受重创。
His army was wrecked.
纳什维尔的大败很大程度上
The defeat at Nashville is in large part
要归因于一个月前在富兰克林发生的事情。
due to what had happened at Franklin a month before.
在纳什维尔，乔治.托马斯攻击胡德的残部。
At Nashville, George Thomas attacked what was left of Hood's army.
“我的靴子里全是血，衣服里浸透了血。
"My boot was full of blood and my clothing saturated with it.
“我抵达了胡德将军的司令部。
"I reached General Hood's headquarters.
“他非常激动和情绪化，
"He was much agitated and affected,
“用他仅有的一只手拨弄着头发，
"pulling his hair with his one hand--he had but one--
哭得象是心都要碎了。”
and crying like his heart would break."
山姆.沃特金斯
Sam Watkins.
胡德的军队已经土崩瓦解。
Hood's army had disintegrated.
他承认，“我是第一次也是唯一一次看到，
"I beheld for the first and only time," he confessed,
“一支南军在混乱中放弃阵地。”
"a Confederate army abandon the field in confusion."
他辞职了。
Hood resigned.
李将军召回乔.姜斯顿任职，
Lee recalled Joe Johnston to active duty
让他负责把所有残留在
and put him in charge of patching together
弗吉尼亚以外的南军拼凑在一起。
whatever Confederate forces remained outside of Virginia.
“我们愿意去任何地方，跟随任何能领导我们的人。
"We were willing to go anywhere or to follow anyone who would lead us.
“我们渴望疾驰、战斗和坚守。
"We were anxious to flee, fight, or fortify.
“我从未见过一支如此混乱和士气低落的军队。
"I have never seen an army so confused and demoralized.
一切似乎都在动摇、战栗。”
The whole thing seemed to be tottering and trembling."
“先生们，
"Gentlemen,
你们不会用比我更严酷的说法来描述一场战争。
"you cannot qualify war in harsher terms than I will.
“我们无法改变南方人♥民♥的心，
"We cannot change the hearts of these people of the South,
“但我们可以让战争变得极其可怕，让他们厌倦战争，
"but we can make war so terrible and make them so sick of war
以致几代人的时间里，他们不会再诉诸武力。”
that generations will pass away before they again appeal to it."
威廉.特库姆塞.谢尔曼
William Tecumseh Sherman.
“这是我生命中经历的最黑暗的12月，
"Darkest of all Decembers ever my life has known,
坐在余烬旁，惊愕，无助，孤独。”
sitting here by the embers, stunned, helpless, alone."