美国内战（1990）

The Civil War S01E04

Part 6 Jan. 16, 2022, 8:20 p.m.

他不顾所有军事惯例，把自己的军队分成小股，
Defying all military convention, he divided his own much smaller force,
仅在弗雷德里克斯堡留下1/4人马，
leaving only 1/4 of his men at Fredericksburg
然后向西疾进，来加强侧翼。
before rushing west to shore up his flank.
当李将军部队到达威尔德内斯森林的边缘时，
When Lee's Confederates reached the edge of the wilderness,
北军出动与他们交战。
Union troops moved out to engage them.
[炮声]
[cannon fire]
开火！
Fire!
但战斗刚一开始，
But the fighting had hardly begun
战斗乔就莫名其妙的下令，让他的部队回到
when fighting Joe Hooker inexplicably ordered his forces
钱瑟勒斯维尔那所房♥子周围的防御阵地里。
back to defensive positions around the chancellor house.
“说老实话，”他后来试图解释，
"To tell the truth," he later tried to explain,
“我只是对自己失去了信心。”
"I just lost confidence in Joe Hooker."
李将军意识到胡克的惶惑，
Lee sensed Hooker's confusion
第二天他再一次分兵，
and the next day divided his army a second time,
派2万8千人在石墙杰克逊率领下，
sending 28,000 men under Stonewall Jackson
沿北军右翼展开一次非比寻常的14英里行军，
on an extraordinary 14-mile march through the dense wilderness
穿越威尔德内斯的莽莽林海。
and around the Union's right flank.
[炮声]
[cannon fire]
胡克设法说服自己，杰克逊真的在撤退，
Hooker somehow persuaded himself that Jackson was actually retreating
尽管对面还有骨瘦如柴的叛军，
and despite the skeletal rebel force remaining in front of him,
他选择待在营地里。
chose to stay in camp.
一整天来，不断有惊恐的北军警戒哨兵来报告，
All day long came reports from terrified Union pickets
一支庞大的叛军部队正从密林间向西移♥动♥。
of a huge rebel force moving just beyond the screen of trees to the west.
这些消息被忽视了。
They were ignored.
当天傍晚，
Late that afternoon,
北军正煮着咖啡、玩着纸牌时，
Union troops were boiling coffee and playing cards
森林里蹿出野鹿并穿过军营。
when deer came bounding out of the forest and through their camp.
杰克逊的大军就在他们身后。
Jackson's army was right behind them.
[炮声]
[cannon fire]
“人潮就象狂暴的旋风袭来，”一位幸存者说。
"It was a perfect whirlwind of men," a survivor said.
“敌人似乎来自四面八方。”
"The enemy seemed to come from every direction."
北军溃退了将近2英里，
The Federals fell back nearly two miles
直到夜色阻止了南军的横扫之势。
before darkness stopped the Confederate sweep.
钱瑟勒斯维尔战役从很多方面看，都是李的经典之作。
Chancellorsville in many way is Lee's masterpiece.
此役是兵力差距最大的。
It's where the odds were longest.
此役他冒着最大风险，在强敌压境时
It's where he took the greatest risk in dividing his army
分散他的军力，又保持了对敌人的压力。
in the presence of a superior enemy and kept the pressure on.
钱瑟勒斯维尔战役中南军真正的错误，
The real fault at Chancellorsville was the attack
是那天进攻发起的太晚，他们无法
was staged so late in the day that they were not able to push it
推进到杰克逊原本计划的区域。
to the extent that Jackson had intended to.
他甚至想发动一次夜袭——
and he was even attempting to make a night attack--
这种情况在南北战争中很少见，
a very rare thing in the Civil War
因为他知道自己的任务还没有完成。
because he knew that he hadn't finished up what he had started to begin.
杰克逊希望一鼓作气，
Eager to fight on,
那天晚上他骑着马在战线之间侦查，寻找夜袭的机会。
Jackson rode out between the lines that evening to scout for a night attack.
当他转身返回自己阵营时，
When he turned back toward his men,
神经紧张的南军警戒哨开了火。
nervous Confederate pickets opened fire.
[枪声]
[gunfire]
他的两个随从倒地身亡。
Two of his aides fell dead.
杰克逊左臂中了两枪。
Jackson was hit twice in the left arm.
第二天早上，他的伤臂被截肢。
His shattered arm was amputated the next morning.
李将军大为惊骇。
Lee was horrified.
“他失去了自己的左臂，”他说，“但我失去了右臂。”
"He has lost his left arm," he said, "but I have lost my right."
[炮声]
[cannon fire]
胡克依然笨手笨脚。
Hooker continued to bumble.
正当他在钱瑟勒斯维尔那幢房♥子的门廊里紧张注视战况时，
As he nervously watched the fighting from the porch of the chancellor house,
一枚炮弹炸开他所倚靠的廊柱，把他砸得失去知觉。
a shell split the pillar he was leaning against and knocked him senseless.
他一整天都昏昏沉沉，却拒绝交出指挥权。
Groggy all day, he refused to relinquish command.
最终他下令撤退。
Finally, he ordered retreat.
失败是彻底的。
The defeat was total.
再一次，北军越过拉帕汉诺克河撤了回去。
Again the Union army withdrew across the Rappahannock.
胡克损失1万7千人，甚至比在弗雷德里克斯堡还要多。
Hooker had lost 17,000 men, even more than at Fredericksburg.
“上帝啊，我的上帝，”林肯听到这个消息时说，
"My god, My god," said Lincoln when he got the news,
“全国人♥民♥会怎么说？”
"What will the country say?"
钱瑟勒斯维尔战役是李将军最辉煌的胜利，
Chancellorsville was Lee's most brilliant victory
也是最昂贵的胜利之一。
and one of the costliest.
他手下有1万3千人死亡或失去行动能力，
13,000 of his men were dead or out of action,
但有一个人的死去，对他来说关系重大。
but it was the loss of one man that concerned him most.
石墙杰克逊似乎正在康复。
Stonewall Jackson seemed to be recuperating.
接下来到了5月10日星期天，他的情况变糟了。
Then on Sunday, May 10th, he took a turn for the worse.
这个场景就是那间卧室，他在里面时而清醒时而昏迷。
The scene is in a bedroom in which he's coming in and out of consciousness.
他死于肺炎，而不是失去手臂。
Pneumonia is what he died of, not the loss of his arm.
他的妻子在那里陪着他，
And his wife got there to be with him,
还有外科医生马奎尔，
and the surgeon, Dr. Mcguire,
医生告诉杰克逊夫人，他丈夫当天就会死去，
told Mrs. Jackson that her husband would die that day,
她告诉了他，说，
and she told him, said,
“医生说你撑不过今天了，”
"The doctor says that you won't last the day out,"
他说，“哦，不，我的孩子。没那么严重。”
and he said, "Oh, no, my child. It's not that serious."
最后她说，“今天你就可以和主在一起了，”
and then finally she said, "You'll be with the lord this day,"
他进入某种深度精神错乱。
And he went off into some sort of sleepy delirium.
肺炎感染的症状很奇怪。
Pneumonia affects people in strange ways.
他把医生叫过来说，
And he called the doctor over and says,
“马奎尔医生，我妻子说我今天会死。是真的吗？”
"Dr. McGuire, my wife tells me I'm gonna die today. Is that true?"
医生说，“是的。”
and the doctor said, "Yes, it is."
她说，“太好了。我一直想死在一个星期天。”
He said, "Good. Very good. I always wanted to die on a Sunday."
当他们给他白兰地和吗♥啡♥时，
And when they offered him brandy or morphine,
他说，“不，我想保持清醒，”
he said, "No. I want to keep my mind clear,"
他最后的遗言，大概是他脑海里挥之不去的想法，
And the last thing he said--it sort of--he wandered in his mind.
他叫来A.P.希尔说，“准备行动。”
He was calling on A.P. Hill, "Prepare for action."
然后突然之间，他静下来，安静了好一阵子，
And then all of a sudden, he was quiet, very quiet for a spell,
他用一种清晰明确的声音说，
And he said in a clear, distinct voice,
“我们过河，在树荫下休息。”
"Let us cross over the river and rest under the shade of the trees,"
然后就死了。
And then died.
“我们虔诚、勇敢而高贵的石墙杰克逊将军之死，
"The death of our pious, brave, and noble General Stonewall Jackson
对我们的事业是沉重打击。”
is a great blow to our cause."
《满身尘土的人》
温菲尔德.斯科特，亨利.哈列克，欧文.麦克道尔。
Winfield Scott. Henry Halleck. Irvin Mcdowell.
乔治.麦克莱伦，约翰.波普，再次启用麦克莱伦。
George McClellan. John Pope. George McClellan again.
安布罗斯.伯恩赛德，约瑟夫.胡克。
Ambrose Burnside. Joseph Hooker.
林肯找不到他所需要的将军。
Lincoln could not find the general he needed.
他现在知道，要想赢得战争，南军必须被打垮。
He now knew that to win the war, the Southern armies had to be crushed.
他有人，但他需要一个愿意打仗的将军。
He had the men, but he needed a general with the will to use them.
“目前还没有哪位将军能挺身而出，
"No general yet found can face the arithmetic,
“但是一旦发现了这个人，战争的结束就指日可待。
"but the end of the war will be at hand when he shall be discovered.
“维克斯堡是一把钥匙。
"Vicksburg is the key.
除非钥匙在我们的口袋里，否则战争不会终结。”
The war can never be brought to a close until the key is in our pocket."
“高耸绵延、崎岖参差的峭壁形成一道划破长空的天际线，
"A long line of high, rugged, irregular bluffs clearly cut against the sky,
“高处环伺着大炮，从射击孔里恶狠狠的注视着
"crowned with cannon, which peered ominously from embrasures to the right and left
“左右两边目力所及的地方。
"as far as the eye could see.
那就是维克斯堡。”
That is Vicksburg."
两个半月时间里，尤利西斯.S.格兰特
For 2 1/2 months, Ulysses S. Grant
顽固的试图让他的军队以挖渠、开路或漂流的方式
doggedly attempted to dig or hack or float his army
通过交错的河道，夺取维克斯堡城。
through the tangled bayous and seize the town of Vicksburg.
全都不起作用。
Nothing worked.
媒体指责他怠惰又愚蠢，
The press accused him of sloth and stupidity,
暗示他又喝酒了。
hinted he was drinking again.
最终格兰特想出一个大胆的计划。
Finally, Grant decided on a daring plan.
他要沿着河行军，通过西边的沼泽地，
He would march down river through the swamps on the western side,
从维克斯堡下方穿越，并且不要补给和支援，
cross below Vicksburg, and without hope of resupply or reinforcement,
从背后爬上去，攻击这座城市。
come up from behind and attack the city.
到5月初，格兰特已经过了河。
By early May, Grant had crossed the river.
“当这个目标达成时，
"When this was effected,
“我感到一种前所未有的欣慰。
"I felt a degree of relief scarcely ever equaled since.
“现在我身处敌人的领土上，
"I was now in the enemy's country
“在我与补给基地之间，是一条河和维克斯堡要塞。
"with a river and the stronghold of Vicksburg between me and my base of supply,
“但我在干燥的土地上，
"but I was on dry ground
和敌人在河的同一边。”
on the same side of the river with the enemy."
士兵们知道他们与基地之间的联♥系♥被切断了，
The men knew they were cut loose from their base,
他们将要依赖一条非常脆弱的补给线，
knew they were going to be dependent for supplies on a very tenuous supply line,
但格兰特给了他们信心。
but Grant himself gave them confidence.
他们相信格兰特知道自己在做什么。