美国内战（1990）

The Civil War S01E07

Part 7 Jan. 16, 2022, 8:20 p.m.

"that a people's government can sustain a national election
能够经受一次全国大选。”
in the midst of a great Civil War."
谢尔曼和谢里登的胜利改变了投票率。
Sherman's and Sheridan's victories had changed the odds.
林肯获得了55%的普选票。
Lincoln carried 55% of the popular vote.
只有3个州，肯德基、特拉华和新泽西支持麦克莱伦。
Only 3 states--Kentucky, Delaware, and New Jersey--went to George McClellan.
几乎所有将军旧部波托马克军团的人
Virtually all of the general's old command, the Union army of the Potomac,
都投票给亚伯拉罕.林肯。
voted for Abraham Lincoln.
“这支历史悠久的伟大军队有过很多英勇行为，
"That grand old army performed many heroic acts,
“但在其历史上，从未有过比把票投给林肯
"but never in its history did it do a more devoted service
更为忠诚的奉献。”
than vote for Abraham Lincoln."
“不是里士满的陷落，
"Not the fall of Richmond,
“也不是威明顿，
"nor Wilmington,
“不是查尔斯顿、萨凡纳、莫比亚，
"nor Charleston, nor Savannah, nor Mobile,
“不是这些地方全都陷落，
"nor all combined
“就能使敌人免遭持续、彻底的
"can save the enemy from the constant and exhaustive drain of blood
“鲜血和财富的流失，这是注定的，
"and treasure which must continue
“直到他们发现，除非承认我们不可剥夺的权利，
"until he shall discover that no peace is attainable
否则和平就不可能到来。”
unless based on the recognition of our indefeasible rights."
杰弗逊.戴维斯总统
President Jefferson Davis.
如果此前尚未显露端倪，那么他的话预示了败局已定。
If it hadn't begun before, the lost cause was born with his words.
当戴维斯在里士满演讲时，他的听众能听到
从彼得斯堡传来格兰特的炮声，
As Davis spoke at Richmond, his audience could hear Grant's guns at Petersburg,
仅20英里之遥。
just 20 miles away.
人们越来越形成一种共识。
More and more,it was becoming a Confederacy of the mind.
人们认识到，败局早已注定。
It was a realization that defeat was foreordained.
例如，切斯纳特小姐说，这就像希腊悲剧，
Miss Chesnut, for instance, said, it's like in a Greek tragedy,
“你知道剧中的结局是必然的，
"where you know what the outcome is bound to be,
而我们正经历着一场希腊悲剧。”
and we're living a Greek tragedy."
越来越多的事情使他们陷于困顿。
And things began to close in on them more and more.
几乎没有哪个家庭没有失去亲人。
There was scarcely a family that hadn't lost someone.
社会正在瓦解分♥裂♥。封锁正在产生影响。
There were--disruption of society. The blockade was working.
他们无法得到非常简单的日用品，比如缝纫的针。
They couldn't get very simple things like needles to sew with--very simple things.
随着他们意识到不会赢得那场战争，
And the discouragement began to settle in more and more
挫败感越来越深入人心。
with the realization that they were not going to win that war.
他们的政♥治♥领袖尽其所能，特别是杰弗逊.戴维斯，
Their political leaders did everything they could, especially Jefferson Davis,
要让人们相信这是第二次美国革命，
to assure then that this was the Second American Revolution,
如果他们能象先辈们那样屹立不倒，
and if they would stand fast, they way their forefathers had,
胜利无疑必将到来。
Victory was unquestionably gonna come,
但越来越多的人意识到这不会到来，
but the realization came more and more that it was not gonna come,
尤其他们不会得到外国的承认，
especially that they were not gonna get foreign recognition,
没有外国承认我们不可能赢得第一次革命，
without which we wouldn't have won the first revolution,
所有这些困扰着他们。
and all those things closed in on them.
《最神圣的土地》
在北方，人力的储备似乎取之不尽。
In the North, the reservoir of men seemed bottomless.
比如马萨诸塞第3志愿军团，整支部队
Whole units, like the 3rd Massachusetts volunteers,
至今还从未听到过打枪的声音。
had still never heard a shot fired in anger.
林肯现在发布公告，
Lincoln now issued a proclamation
将11月最后一个星期四定为全国性的感恩节。
making the last Thursday in November a national day of thanksgiving.
在彼得斯堡的战壕里，
In the trenches at Petersburg,
运来12万只火鸡和鸡供格兰特的庞大军队享用。
120,000 Turkey and Chicken dinners were served to Grant's huge army.
咫尺之外，南军没有盛筵，
Only yards away, the Confederates had no feast,
但出于对联邦假日的尊重，他们一整天没有开火。
but held their fire all day out of respect for the Union holiday.
林肯号♥召更多的人来结束战争。
Lincoln called for more men to finish the war.
南方已经没有更多人可以调用。
The South had no more men to spare.
威廉.特库姆塞.谢尔曼开始朝着大海进军。
And William Tecumseh Sherman had begun his march to the sea.
“我们阴郁的躺着休息，
"We lay in grim repose
“等待着殊死的战斗再次开始。
"and expected the renewal of the mortal conflict.
“所有人普遍确信，我们只能再坚持打一次战役。”
"The conviction everywhere prevailed that we could sustained but one more campaign."
詹姆斯.F.J.考德威尔上尉
Captain James F.J. Caldwell.
11月25日晚上，在百老汇的冬园剧场，
On the night of November 25th at the Winter Garden Theater on Broadway,
莎士比亚的《尤利乌斯.凯撒》开演。
Shakespeare's Julius Caesar opened.
布斯三兄弟曾经演过主角——
3 brothers had the starring roles--
埃德温、尤利乌斯和约翰.威尔克斯.布斯。
Edwin, Junius, and John Wilkes Booth.
在莎士比亚剧中某一时刻，卡修斯谈到了刺杀凯撒。
At one point in Shakespeare's play, Cassius speaks of the assassination of Caesar.
“多少年以后，这崇高的一幕才会在未来的国度
"How many ages hence shall this our lofty scene be acted over,
以未知的语言上演？”
in states unborn and accents yet unknown?"
“克拉普上尉，纽约第7军团。在彼得斯堡受伤。”
"Captain Clapp, 77th New York. Wounded at Petersburg."
“史密斯上尉，纽约第7军团。在荒野受伤。”
"Captain Smith, 77th New York. wounded at Wilderness."
“泰勒上尉，宾州第61军团。在斯波特瑟尔韦尼亚受伤。”
"Captain Taylor, 61st Pennsylvania. Wounded at Spotsylvania."
“奥尔上尉，纽约第77军团。在雪松溪失去手臂。”
"Captain Orr, 77th New York. Lost arm at Cedar Creek."
“笛福上尉。在斯波特瑟尔韦尼亚被射瞎眼睛。”
"Captain Defoe. Eye shot out at Spotsylvania."
“埃利斯上校，纽约第49军团。
在斯波特瑟尔韦尼亚受伤致死。”
"Major Ellis, 49th New York. Died of wound at Spotsylvania."
“希克莫特上尉，纽约第49军团。在荒野战死。”
"Captain Hickmott, 49th New York. Killed at Wilderness."
“利昂中士，纽约第77军团。在斯波特瑟尔韦尼亚战死。”
"Lieutenant Lyon, 77th New York. Killed at Spotsylvania."
“贝尔丁中士，纽约第77军团。在雪松溪战死。”
"Lieutenant Belding, 77th New York. Killed at Cedar Creek."
“几位联邦军官。全部战死。”
"Union officers. All killed in battle."
“看起来好像永远不会结束。”
"It really looks as if it would never end."
“最给人启示的是一群秃鹰
"The most inspiring sight is the flock of buzzards
“不停在我们上空盘旋，等待着它们的大餐。
"constantly hovering over us and waiting for their feast.
至少那些鸟是公平的，因为它们一视同仁的啄食两方的人。
Those birds are at least impartial because they eat both sides alike.
“我想，对于蛆虫来说同样也是如此。”
"The same, I suppose, is true of worms."
华盛顿.罗布林
Washington Roebling.
到186♥4♥年春，北军的遗体
By the spring of 186♥4♥, Union dead
完全填满了华盛顿和亚历山德里亚的军用墓地。
completely filled the military cemeteries of Washington and Alexandria.
陆军部长斯坦顿命令军需官
Secretary of war Stanton ordered the quartermaster General,
蒙哥马利.梅格斯，另选一个新址。
Montgomery Meigs, to choose a new site.
梅格斯是个乔治亚人，和平时代曾在罗伯特.李手下服役，
Meigs was a Georgian who had served under Lee in the peacetime army,
但他对与自己效忠的北方为敌的
but he had developed an intense hatred for all his fellow southerners
所有南方同胞，产生了强烈的仇恨。
who fought against the Union he still served.
他不假思索，
Without hesitation,
就选择了罗伯特.E.李在阿灵顿的家
作为新的陆军公墓用地，
he picked the grounds of Robert E. Lee's home at Arlington for the new army cemetery,
下令将北军士兵的遗体安葬在
离李将军家大门口仅几英尺的地方，
and ordered that the Union dead be laid to rest within a few feet of the front door
而那个人要对他们的死负责，
of the man he blamed for their deaths
这样就再也不会有人住在那所房♥子里。
so that no one could ever again live in the house.
10月，梅格斯自己的儿子在谢南多厄被南军游击队杀死，
In October, Meigs' own son John was killed by Confederate guerrillas in the Shenandoah
葬在了李夫人的玫瑰园。
and buried in Mrs. Lee's rose garden.
那年某一次，联邦军队1周内
At one point that year, the Union army was sending back
把2千名伤残人员和垂死者运回华盛顿。
2,000 wounded, maimed, and dying men a week to Washington.
格兰特派去和罗伯特.李打仗的那些人，
Now the men Grant was sending to fight Robert E. Lee
如今被埋在李自家门前的院子里。
were being buried in Lee's own front yard.
这个院子成为了阿灵顿国家公墓，
And that yard became Arlington National Cemetery,
联邦疆域内最神圣的土地。
The Union's most hallowed ground.
导演：肯.伯恩斯