美国内战（1990）

The Civil War S01E06

Part 4 Jan. 16, 2022, 8:20 p.m.

谢尔比.富特作家
一直说起鲍勃.李，鲍勃.李会这样、会那样。
kept talking about Bobby Lee, Bobby Lee, he would do this, he would do that.
谢尔比.富特作家
于是格兰特发了火并告诉他们，“我已经厌烦了听到鲍勃.李。
then Grant fired and told them, "I'm tired of hearing about bobby Lee.
谢尔比.富特作家
于是格兰特发了火并告诉他们，“我已经厌烦了听到鲍勃.李。
then Grant fired and told them, "I'm tired of hearing about bobby Lee.
要明白你们没法做两个后空翻，落到队伍后面去！
You think you don't do a double somersault and land in our rear!
“别再去想他会对你们做些什么，你们会对他怎么做。
"quit thinking about what he'll do to you and think about what you'll do to him.
赶紧拿些枪过来。”
bring some guns up here."
情况就是这样，格兰特，他很了不起。
Thing is like this, Grant, he's wonderful.
荒野战役也许不是战争中最血腥的战役，
The Wilderness is probably not the bloodiest battle in the war,
但在许多方面却是最可怕的战役。
but the most terrible battle in the war in many ways.
埃德.比尔斯战史专家
但在许多方面却是最可怕的战役。
but the most terrible battle in the war in many ways.
埃德.比尔斯战史专家
格兰特在2天中损失的人超过胡克的钱瑟勒斯维尔战役。
Grant in two days loses more men than Hooker did at Chancellorsville.
埃德.比尔斯战史专家
格兰特在2天中损失的人超过胡克的钱瑟勒斯维尔战役。
Grant in two days loses more men than Hooker did at Chancellorsville.
但在荒野战役中，
But in the Wilderness,
前一年的落叶覆盖了地面，
The leaves from the previous year cover the ground,
而用他们在内战中使用的那一类武器，
and using the type of weapon they used in The Civil War,
会有很多棉绒和亚麻发生焖燃，掉进树叶里，
you have lots of lint and linen smoldering, falling into the leaves,
就会把这些叶子烧起来。
and it will set these leaves afire.
那些枪伤严重，被打穿内脏或断腿的人，
And men who've been shot badly through the bowels, with broken legs,
在火向他们烧来时就会无法动弹。
will not be able to move as the fire starts burning toward them.
大量受伤的人会在火焰中死去。
And large numbers of wounded men will perish in the flames.
格兰特的第一步是场灾难。
Grant's first move had been a disaster.
荒野战役折损了1万7千人。
The Wilderness had cost 17,000 men.
那天夜里，野火在森林中肆虐。
That night brush fires raged through the woods.
200名北军伤员被活活烧死，
200 wounded Federal soldiers burned alive
与此同时，守卫阵地的士兵们倾听着他们的尖叫。
while the entrenched armies listened to their screams.
“我心怀敬畏屏住呼吸凝望，
"I am holding my breath in awe
“阴暗的苍穹如同一块罩布飘来盖在我们头上。
"at the vastness of the shadow that floats like a pall over our heads.
“突然感到人不再是个体的存在，
"It is come that man has no longer an individual existence,
而是以千百来计数，以英里来度量。”
but is counted in thousands and measured in miles."
克拉拉.巴顿
Clara Barton.
荒野战役中，外科医生不间断的截肢超过100小时，
In the Wilderness, surgeons amputated limbs without letup for more than 100 hours
每天向后方送回2千名伤员。
and sent back behind the lines 2,000 wounded men each day.
“当一名伤员被抬到手术台上，
"As a wounded man was lifted on the table,
“常常会在护理人员处置他时痛得尖叫，
"often shrieking with pain as the attendants handled him,
“医生迅速检查伤口，决定切除受伤肢体。
"The surgeon quickly examined the wound and resolved upon cutting off the wounded limb.
“用一些乙♥醚♥。
"Some ether was administered.
“外科医生从牙齿间取下他的手术刀，
"The surgeon snatched his knife from between his teeth,
“快速的在他血迹斑斑的围裙上来回擦一两次，
"wiped it rapidly once or twice across his bloodstained apron,
“就开始切割。
"and the cutting began.
“手术完成后，
"The operation accomplished,
“医生会带着一声长叹环顾四周，然后...
"The surgeon would look around with a deep sigh and then...
下一个。”
Next."
卡尔.舒尔茨
Carl Schurz
“荒野战役是一场损失巨大又没有结果的无用战役。”
"The Wilderness was a useless battle fought with great loss and no result."
华盛顿.罗布林
Washington Roebling
荒原中的格兰特，在荒野战役第一晚之后，
Grant, in the Wilderness after that first night in the Wilderness,
走进他的帐篷，难以自控，哭得很厉害。
went to his tent and broke down into cried very hard.
一些参谋人员说，他们从未见过一个男人如此崩溃。
Some staff members said they'd never seen a man so unstrung.
但直到战役结束之前他都没有哭，
But he didn't cry until the battle was over,
第二天开始时他也没有哭。
and he wasn't crying when it began again next day.
第二天早上格兰特下令行军时，
What was different about Grant became clear the next morning
他用兵的独到之处才变得清晰起来。
when he gave the order to march.
破天荒头一遭，在一次战败之后，
For the first time after a defeat,
波托马克军团向前推进。
the army of the Potomac was moving forward.
“5月7日。
"May 7.
“如果我们不是在格兰特而是其他将军领导下，
"If we were under any other general except Grant,
“我会想要撤退，
"I should expect a retreat,
但格兰特不是那样的军人。”
but Grant is not that kind of soldier."
以利沙.亨特.罗德斯
Elisha Hunt Rhodes.
“我们的精神振作起来了，”一位北军士兵回忆。
"Our spirits rose," one Union man remembered.
“我们轻松的行军。士兵们开始唱歌♥。”
"we marched free. The men began to sing."
另一个士兵说，“尤利西斯一点也不害怕。”
"Ulysses," another soldier said, "don't scare worth a damn."
“格兰特将军不会撤退。
"General Grant is not going to retreat.
“他会把军队开到斯波特瑟尔韦尼亚。
"He will move his army to Spotsylvania.
我对他接下来的行动很有把握，以至提前做好了应对。”
I'm so sure of his next move that I have already made arrangements."
他知道格兰特会做什么，因为他能长时间化身为格兰特，
He knew what Grant was going to do because he could make himself Grant,
足以推断出格兰特在某种形势下会怎么做。
for long enough to figure out what Grant would do in a situation.
当他们在格兰特之前解雇了5、6位将军，
When they fired five or six generals before they got to Grant,
到他们让麦克莱伦走人之时，罗伯特.李说，
And by the time they let McClellan go, Lee said,
“我担心他们会一直这样变来变去，
直到找到一个我不了解的人。”
"I'm afraid they'll keep making these changes until they get someone I don't understand."
他们从未找到任何他不了解的人，
They never got anyone he didn't understand,
但最终找到了格兰特，他知道怎么打败他，并且做到了。
but they finally got Grant, who knew how to whip him and did.
在战争的第一个年头，战斗是血腥但零星发生的。
In the first years of the war, battle was bloody but sporadic.
从现在开始，它将不间断的进行。
From now on, it would be waged without a break.
从荒野战役到冷港会战，一口气打了30天。
From the Wilderness to Cold Harbor, it would not stop for 30 days.
一位士兵写道，
It was, one soldier wrote,
“日夜生活在死亡阴影笼罩的山谷中。”
"living night and day within the valley of the shadow of death."
“5月8日。
"May 8.
“可怕的工作又开始了。
"The dreadful work is beginning again.
“我的表兄弟约翰.L.米勒，死在他的团的战线前沿。
"John L. Miller, my cousin, killed at the head of his regiment.
“这些打击如此之快落到我们头上，令人不知所措。”
"The blows now fall so fast on our heads it is bewildering."
玛丽.切斯纳特
Mary Chesnut.
[炮声]
[cannon fire]
在斯波特瑟尔韦尼亚，两军持续数日相互厮杀，未见进展。
At Spotsylvania, the two armies mauled each other for days without gaining ground.
这是到那时为止战争史上最冷酷无情的交火。
It was the most relentless exchange of fire in the history of warfare up to that time.
有些人挨了那么多子弹，以至尸体都支离破碎。
Some men were hit by so many bullets that their bodies fell apart.
一位北军老兵回忆，那简直是“我经历过的最可怕的一天。”
A Union veteran remembered it simply as "the most terrible day I have ever lived."
“敌人的尸体被交叉堆起在
"The enemy's dead were piled upon each other
“攻占的胸墙掩体前，某些地方有4层那么高。
"in front of the captured breastworks, in some places four layers deep.
“在快速腐烂的大量尸体之下，
"Below the mass of fast-decaying corpses,
“一些肢体的抽搐表明，里面还有受伤的活人。
"the convulsive twitching of limbs showed that there were wounded men still alive.
这个地方恰如其分的叫作‘血腥角’。”
The place was well named The Bloody Angle."
两军又损失了2万人。
The 2 armies lost another 20,000 men.
“5月12日，弗吉尼亚州黄色客栈。
"May 12th, Yellow Tavern, Virginia.
杰布.斯图尔特战死。”
General Jeb Stuart killed."
李将军听闻这个消息说，“我简直一想到他就要哭。”
When Lee got the news, he said, "I can scarcely think of him without weeping."
《向左翼移♥动♥》
一次次，李将军对格兰特作出预期。
Again and again, Lee anticipated Grant.
一次次，这位北军统帅沿半圆路线绕到东面和南面。
Again and again, the Union commander skirted south and east in a semicircle,
当战线向着里士满倾斜时，
The two armies locked in a brutal, clumsy stranglehold
两军陷入残忍♥、笨拙的绞杀。
as the battle lines lurched toward Richmond.
“我们必须在格兰特的军队接近詹姆斯部队之前消灭它。
"We must destroy this army of Grant's before he gets to the James.
“如果他到达那里，将会形成合围。
"If he gets there, it will become a siege.
那么我军失败就仅仅是个时间问题。”
And then it will be a mere question of time."
“5月11日。
"May 11th.
“我们现在结束了第6天异常激烈的战斗，
"We have now ended the sixth day of very heavy fighting,
“到目前为止，结果对我们很有利。
"and the result up to this time is much in our favor.
我建议在这条战线上一决高下，即便要耗去整个夏天。”
I propose to fight it out on this line, if it takes all summer."
格兰特继续实施他顽固的侧翼战术，试图绕过
Grant continued his stubborn flanking maneuvers in an attempt
李将军的右侧，继续向里士满前进。
to get around Lee's right and move on Richmond.
他这么做，倚仗的是优势兵力和顽强精神，持续前进，
He did it with superior numbers and doggedness, kept going,
向左翼移♥动♥。向左翼移♥动♥。向左翼移♥动♥。
Move by the left flank. Move by the left flank. Move by the left flank.
李将军自始至终在后退，失去他无可取代的部下。
Lee's backing up the whole time, losing men that he couldn't replace.
“186♥4♥年5月15日。
"May 15, 186♥4♥.
“亲爱的埃米莉，
"Dear Emily,
“想必你从报纸已经稍许了解我们正在进行的战斗。
"The papers must have told you that we have been fighting a little.
“我们兵团2万7千人中只剩下1万2千人。
"Our corps has only 12,000 left out of 27,000.
“罗伯特.E.李大叔在一场拉锯战中仍未被打败，
"Uncle Robert E. Lee isn't licked yet by a long shot,
“如果我们不够小心，他就会打败我们。
"and if we are not mighty careful, he'll beat us.
“我觉得，为了避免这种命运，到目前为止我们做得很好。
"I think we have done very well to avoid that fate so far.
“明天我们有另一场战役。
"Tomorrow we have another battle.
我觉得这是很平常的事。”
I don't think it will amount to much."
华盛顿.罗布林
Washington Roebling.
格兰特和李现在角逐的是靠近奇克哈默尼河
一个叫作冷港的交叉路口。
Grant and Lee now raced for a crossroads called Cold Harbor near the Chickahominy River.
李将军再次抢先到达那里，
Again Lee got there first
命令部下挖战壕，为他心知即将到来的全面攻击做准备。
and ordered his men to dig in and prepare for the all-out assault he knew would follow.
当他们在6月2日这天夜里安顿下来后，