美国内战（1990）

The Civil War S01E07

Part 5 Jan. 16, 2022, 8:20 p.m.

At Ezra Church, west of the city, Hood again tried to rout Sherman's army.
他再次失败了。
Again he failed.
他的部队损失了1/3——计有2万人，
1/3 of his army was gone-- 20,000 men,
胡德退回亚特兰大城里。
and Hood fell back into Atlanta.
“我无法用语言来形容。
"I cannot describe it.
“我记得我走到房♥子后面，
"I remember I went in the rear of the building,
“在那里我看到一堆胳膊和腿，正在腐烂分解。
"and there I saw a pile of arms and legs rotting and decomposing.
“我一生中的回忆当中，
"I have no recollection in my whole life
还从没见过比这更可怕的场景。”
of ever seeing anything that I remember with more horror."
山姆.沃特金斯
Sam Watkins.
南军躲在防御墙后面，等待谢尔曼的进攻。
Behind their ramparts, the Confederates waited for Sherman to attack.
“这些北方绅士不可能派人向我们的工事冲锋，”
一个德克萨斯人说，
"The Yankee Gents can't get their men to charge our works," a Texan said,
但谢尔曼认为不必如此鲁莽。
but Sherman saw no need to be so rash.
他封锁了城市的补给线，耐心等待着。
He sealed off the city's supplies and waited.
[炮声]
[cannon fire]
北军大炮开始轰击重兵把守的南军战壕和身后的城市。
Federal guns began shelling the heavily fortified Confederate trenches and the city beyond.
“8月21日，星期六。
"Saturday, August 21st.
“又一个提心吊胆的星期过去了，
"Another week of anxiety and suspense has passed,
“亚特兰大的命运依然不确定。
"and the fate of Atlanta is still undecided.
“自从敌人开始向城里投射
"It is said that about 20 lives had been destroyed
“那些可怕的炮弹以来，据说已经夺走20多条人命。
"by these terrible missiles since the enemy began to throw them into the city.
“这就象活在瘟疫之中，
"It is like living in the midst of a pestilence.
谁也说不准，但他可能就是下一个受害者。”
No one can tell, but he may be the next victim."
亚特兰大城外，情况也好不到哪里去。
Outside Atlanta, things were no better.
“敌人以劣势兵力遏制了我们。”
"The enemy hold us by an inferior force,"
当围攻裹足不前时谢尔曼承认这点。
Sherman admitted as the siege dragged on.
“我们比他们更加困扰。”
"We are more besieged than they."
乔治.坦普顿.斯特朗在纽约预言，
"Both Grant and Sherman," George Templeton Strong predicted from New York,
“格兰特和谢尔曼都在灾难的前夜。”
"are on the eve of disaster."
[短号♥声]
[cornet playing]
围城1个月来的每天晚上，
Every evening for a month during the siege,
一位乔治亚狙击兵吹奏的短号♥非常优美，
a Georgia sharpshooter played his cornet so beautifully
两方的士兵都停下来聆听。
that men on both sides stopped to listen.
终于在8月31日，
Finally, on August 31st,
乔治.麦克莱伦获得总统提名的同一天，
the same day that George McClellan was nominated for president,
谢尔曼将大部兵力投入城南的“梅肯-西部”铁路。
Sherman hurled most of his army against the Macon & Western railroad south of the city.
再一次尝试打破胡德的钳制。
In one more attempt to break Hood's grip.
这次奏效了。
It worked.
186♥4♥年9月1日，胡德放弃了亚特兰大。
On September 1, 186♥4♥, Hood abandoned Atlanta.
谢尔曼的部队次日进城。
Sherman's troops marched in the next day.
“亚特兰大是我们的了，我们胜出。”
"Atlanta is ours and fairly won."
“186♥4♥年9月3日。
"September 3, 186♥4♥.
“今早传来大好消息——亚特兰大终于拿下。
"Glorious news this morning--Atlanta taken at last.
“在此政♥治♥危机关头，这是战争中至关重要的大事。”
"It is, coming at this political crisis, the greatest event of the war."
乔治.坦普顿.斯特朗
George Templeton Strong.
“亲爱的谢尔曼将军，
"Dear General Sherman,
“我认为你已完成最艰巨的任务，
"I feel you have accomplished the most gigantic undertaking
“受命参战的将军中无人能及。
"given to any general in this war.
“你的技巧和能力将载于史册，
"And with a skill and ability
如果不是后无来者，那也可说前无古人。”
that will be acknowledged in history as unsurpassed, if not unequalled."
U.S.格兰特
U.S. Grant.
为了致敬谢尔曼，
In Sherman's honor,
格兰特下令向彼得斯堡的南军工事鸣礼炮100响。
Grant ordered a 100-gun salute fired into the Confederate works at Petersburg.
[炮声]
[gunfire]
“亚特兰大丢了。
"Atlanta is gone.
“痛苦结束了。
"That agony is over.
没有希望，但我们会尽量不再害怕。”
There is no hope, but we will try to have no fear."
玛丽.切斯纳特
Mary Chesnut.
为报复谢尔曼在乔治亚的胜利，
To avenge Sherman's victories in Georgia,
6名南方特工携带磷粉潜入纽约城，
6 Confederate agents slipped into New York city armed with phosphorous,
企图烧毁城里最时髦的旅馆。
intent upon burning down the city's most fashionable hotels.
他们设法放了10把火，并把P.T.巴纳姆博物馆点燃。
They managed to light 10 fires and set P.T. Barnum's Museum ablaze.
消防员扑灭了所有火势。
Firemen put everything out.
除1人外，所有南方特工都逃脱了。
All but one of the Confederates got away.
被抓住的人在被绞死前说，
"The people of the North can't be rolling in wealth and comfort,"
“当我们南方在经受一切艰难困苦时，
the captured man said before he was hanged,
“北方人♥民♥就不可能积累财富和安逸。”
"while we at the South are bearing all the hardship and privations."
结婚周年纪念日那天，身处前线的
From the front, on his wedding anniversary,
罗伯特.E.李写信给他在里士满的妻子。
Robert E. Lee wrote home to his wife in Richmond.
“亲爱的玛丽，
"Dear Mary,
“你还记得33年前的今天我们多么快乐吗？
"Do you recollect what a happy day 33 years ago this was?
“有过多少希望和快乐？
"How many hopes and pleasures it gave birth to?
“上帝对我们已经非常仁慈和宽容，
"God has been very merciful and kind to us,
“而我多么不知感恩，罪孽深重。
"and how thankless and sinful I have been.
“我祈祷他还能对我们施以仁慈和祝福，
"I pray that he may continue his mercies and blessings to us
在这世上赐给我们少许的和平与安宁。”
and give us a little peace and rest together in this world."
《冒牌货的年代》
“那位豪普特先生在波托马克河上建起了一座桥，
"That man Haupt has built a bridge across the Potomac creek
“约400英尺长、100英尺高，
"about 400 feet long and nearly 100 feet tall
“满载的火车每个小时都在上面穿行，
"over which loaded trains are running every hour,
里面除了大豆和玉米的秸秆，什么都没有。”
and there is nothing in it but beanpoles and cornstalks."
亚伯拉罕.林肯
Abraham Lincoln.
在彼得斯堡附近，北军驻扎的詹姆斯河畔的
锡蒂波因特小镇，
Near Petersburg, the Union camp at city point on the James River
突然间发现自己成了世界上最繁忙的海港，
suddenly found itself one of the world's busiest seaports,
有各种面包房♥、营房♥、仓库，
With bakeries, barracks, warehouses,
一个占地200英亩帐篷医院，1英里多长的码头，
a 200-acre tent hospital, more than a mile of wharves,
一条由赫尔曼.豪普特在创记录时间内修建的70英里新铁路，
and a new 70-mile railroad built by Herman Haupt in record time
把物资和生力军一路运到北军的战壕前。
to bring supplies and fresh troops right up to the Union trenches.
“不仅浪费，而且奢侈，”一个参观者写道，
"Not merely profusion but extravagance," a visitor wrote,
“供给士兵们的东西应有尽有。”
"soldiers provided with everything."
一台动力无比强大的工业机器，
An industrial machine of unparalleled power
现在把战争物资源源不断的输送到前线。
now kept the war supplies streaming to the front.
在俄亥俄的克利夫兰，战争之始没有一家炼铁厂或铸造厂。
In Cleveland, Ohio, when the war began, there were not a single forge or foundry.
到战争结束时有21家，
When the war ended, there were 21,
雇佣着3千人，每年产出6万吨♥钢。
employing 3,000 men and turning out 60,000 tons of steel a year.
当时，哈德逊河畔西点军校对面的冷泉铸造厂
By then, the cold spring foundry opposite West Point on the Hudson
每周生产7千发炮弹。
was producing 7,000 artillery projectiles a week.
军事电报系统
And the military telegraph system
每天在1万5千英里的电报线上
was carrying over 3,300 messages a day
转发超过3300条信息。
along 15,000 miles of wire.
“这个世界经历了它的黑铁时代，白银时代，
"The world has seen its iron age, its silver age,
“黄金时代和青铜时代。
"its golden age, and its bronze age.
现在是冒牌货的时代。”
This is the age of shoddy."
对于精明的北方商人来说，从军队合同中获利很快。
For shrewd northern businessmen, there were quick profits in army contracts.
菲利普.阿穆尔放弃了金矿开采，
靠给军队加工猪肉一夜暴富。
Philip Armour gave up gold mining to strike it rich packing pork for the army.
哈特福德的塞缪尔.科尔特告诉他的工人，
Samuel Colt of Hartford told his men
“用4只手让兵工厂日以继夜的运转。”
to "run the armory night and day with double sets of hands."
杰依.库克销♥售♥战争债券，为联邦筹集了超过4亿美元。
Jay Cooke sold war bonds, raised more than $400 million for the Union,
靠佣金发了财。
and got rich on the commissions.
无良承包商卖♥♥给陆军部的有
Unscrupulous contractors sold the war department rusty rifles,
生锈的步♥枪♥、漏水的船和雨中溶解的帽子。
boats that leaked, caps that melted in the rain.
当一家制♥造♥商被问到为什么他提供的鞋子，
When one manufacturer was asked why the soles of the shoes
鞋底会在几分钟行军之后就掉下来，
he supplied fell off after a few minutes' marching,
他解释说那是供骑兵使用的。
he explained they had been meant for the cavalry.
“你几乎可以把任何东西，
"You can sell almost anything to the government
以你有胆开出的任何价码卖♥♥给政♥府♥。”
at almost any price you've got the guts to ask."
我认为北方是把一只手背在身后打的这场仗。
I think that the North fought that war with one hand behind its back.
在战争进行的同时，《宅地法》正在通过。
（美国公民交10美元可获西部160英亩土地的法案）
At the same time the war was going on, The Homestead Act was being passed.
所有这些非凡发明正在涌现。
all these marvelous inventions were going on.
谢尔比.富特作家
186♥4♥年春，哈佛-耶鲁赛艇比赛正在进行，
In the spring of '6♥4♥, the Harvard-Yale boat races were going on,
谢尔比.富特作家
谢尔比.富特作家
两方艇手没有一个人志愿加入陆军或海军。
and not a man in either crew ever volunteered for the army or the navy.
谢尔比.富特作家
谢尔比.富特作家
军队不需要他们。
They didn't need them.
谢尔比.富特作家
谢尔比.富特作家
我认为，如果南方取得成功越多，
I think that if it had been more southern successes
谢尔比.富特作家
我认为，如果南方取得成功越多，
I think that if it had been more southern successes
北方就越有可能从背后伸出另一只手来。
and a lot more the North simply would have brought that other arm out from behind its back.