美国内战（1990）

The Civil War S01E02

Part 3 Jan. 16, 2022, 8:19 p.m.

那天凌晨1点钟，受损的明尼苏达号♥上的船员
At 1:00 that morning, the crew of the battered Minnesota
看见一艘外形奇特的船只在黑暗中向他们靠近。
saw a strange-looking ship draw up alongside them in the darkness.
“靠近明尼苏达号♥的
"Close alongside the Minnesota,
“是一艘海员们从未亲眼见过的船——
"there was a craft such as the eyes of a seaman never looked upon before--
“一片巨大的屋板浮在水面上，
"an immense shingle floating on the water
“一个硕大的奶酪盒从它的中部凸起。
"with a gigantic cheese box rising from its center.
没有帆，没有舵轮，没有烟囱，没有火炮。
到底是什么东西？”
No sails, no wheels, no smokestack, no guns. What could it be?"
莫尼特号♥已经到达。
The Monitor had arrived.
第二天早晨，史诗般的铁甲舰之战开始了。
The next morning, the epic battle of ironclads began.
硬碰硬，两艘船反复不断的撞向对方，
Hull to hull, the two ships hammered away at each other,
非常近的距离内，两船冲撞了5次，
此时船员们都在船舱里，
so close they collided five times as the men inside,
烟雾弥漫，他们几乎在半瞎的状况下装弹和发射。
half-blind with smoke, loaded and fired.
4个半小时之后，梅里马克号♥逃离。
After 4 1/2 hours, the Merrimack drew off.
这是它仅有的一次战斗。
it was her only fight.
两个月之后，为了不把它弃给敌人，
Two months later, rather than surrender their ship,
南方邦联在被赶出诺福克港时炸沉了它。
the Confederates blew her up when they were forced out of Norfolk.
南北双方都着手建造更多的铁甲舰，
Both sides set to work building more ironclads
而欧洲人既担忧又着迷，在一旁观望。
while Europe watched in worried fascination.
从那个星期天早晨两艘战舰互相开火那一刻起，
From the moment the two ships opened fire that Sunday morning,
这个星球上所有的海军都过时了。
every other navy on earth was obsolete.
《林肯拥护者》
“格兰特将军常带有一种表情，
"General Grant habitually wears an expression as if he had
仿佛他决定要用头在墙上撞出一个洞来，
而且他马上就要这么做。”
determined to drive his head through a brick wall and was about to do it."
1862这一年将会把两股重要力量引入战争——
The year 1862 would introduce two great forces into the war--
不可言说的屠♥杀♥和尤利西斯.格兰特将军。
unspeakable slaughter and Ulysses S. Grant.
当麦克莱伦在华盛顿逡巡不前，
while McClellan hesitated in Washington,
格兰特在几个月案头工作之后回到战场，
Grant, back in the field after months of desk duty,
在西边获得了两次决定性的胜利。
won two crucial victories out west.
他水陆并进，发起攻击，
Launching simultaneous attacks by land and water,
首先拿下田纳西河上的亨利堡，
he took First Fort Henry on the Tennessee River
接着取下坎伯兰河上的多纳尔森堡，
and then Fort Donelson on the Cumberland,
在那里他对南军指挥官发出最后通牒——
where he issued an ultimatum to the Confederate commander--
“完全无条件立即投降。”
"no terms except unconditional and immediate surrender."
田纳西河与坎伯兰河现在握在北方联邦手中。
The Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers were now in Union hands.
南方邦联被赶出了肯塔基州。
The Confederates had been driven from Kentucky.
数十个南方城镇被北军占领。
Dozens of southern towns were now occupied by Union troops.
短短一年，格兰特就从文书变成了联邦英雄。
In less than a year, Grant from clerk to Union hero.
新闻故事描写他在战火中冷静的抽烟，
News stories described him coolly smoking under fire,
于是仰慕者们就给他运去整桶整桶的雪茄。
and admirers shipped him barrels of cigars.
北方民众欢欣鼓舞，
A delighted northern public now
想必他们知道他名字的首字母缩写（U.S.）代表着什么。
thought they knew what the initials in his name stood for.
他们称他为“无条件投降”格兰特。
they called him "unconditional surrender" Grant.
但在格兰特部队进入多纳尔森堡之前，
But before Grant's men marched into Fort Donelson,
南军内森.福雷斯特将军带着1千人逃脱了。
Confederate general Nathan Bedford Forrest slipped out of it with 1,000 men.
“我来这儿不是为了交出我的指挥权的，”他说，
"I did not come here for the purpose of surrendering my command," he said,
他率部穿过雪地，行军75英里到达安全地带。
and led his troops 75 miles through the snow to safety.
格兰特和北军还会再遇到福雷斯特。
Grant and the Union army would meet Bedford Forrest again.
南军在多纳尔森堡战败后，
After the Confederate defeat at Fort Donelson,
田纳西州克拉克斯维尔附近的女子学院
和斯图尔特学院，
the Female Academy and Stewart College at nearby Clarksville, Tennessee,
被改为医院。
were converted to hospitals.
“星期天传来消息。
"Sunday the news came.
“人们如此惊慌失措前所未见。
"Such panic-stricken people were never before seen.
“伤员数量飙升。市民们四处奔逃。
"The wounded were being brought up. The citizens were running.
“这儿已经有了两所塞满病人的医院，
"There were already two hospitals here which were filled with the sick,
“那些可怜的家伙，他们从各个角落爬出来，
"and they, poor fellas, were crawling out from every piece
步行、骑马或坐马车，仓皇出逃。”
walking, going on horseback, in wagons."
南妮.哈斯金斯
Nannie Haskins.
北军就在这些伤员的身后追击。
The Union army was right behind the wounded.
他们没有遇到抵抗。
They met no resistance.
一面白旗飘扬在城西边的小迪凡堡上空，
A white flag flew above tiny Fort Defiance west of town,
梅耶尔.史密斯走出来向北军指挥官报告，
and Mayor Smith came out to inform the Union commander
南军已经撤往纳什维尔。
that the Confederate army had retreated to Nashville.
农夫约翰.巴克在他的日记里写道，
Farmer John Barker wrote in his diary
这个国家到处都是“林肯拥护者”。
that there were nothing but "Lincolnites" throughout the county.
在克拉克斯维尔，一个不安宁的
北方占领期开始了。
An uneasy Federal occupation of Clarksville began.
在战争早期，一个联邦小队围住
一个衣衫褴褛的南军士兵，
Early in the war, a Union squad closed in on a single ragged Confederate,
谢尔比.富特作家
这个人显然不会拥有自己的奴隶。
and he obviously didn't own any slaves.
谢尔比.富特作家
谢尔比.富特作家
他也不可能对宪法之类的东西有什么兴趣。
He couldn't have much interest in the constitution or anything else.
谢尔比.富特作家
他也不可能对宪法之类的东西有什么兴趣。
He couldn't have much interest in the constitution or anything else.
他们说，“你到底为什么而战？”
他们问他。他回答：
they said, "what are you fighting for anyhow?" they asked him. and he said,
“我作战是因为你们来了。”
"I'm fighting because you're down here,"
真是一个令人相当满意的回答。
Which was a pretty satisfactory answer.
《半岛》
4月4日，麦克莱伦将军终于开始向里士满进军——
On April 4, George McClellan at last began to move for Richmond--
121500名士兵，
121,500 men,
14592匹骡马，
14,592 horses and mules,
1150辆马车，44台重炮，
1,150 wagons, 44 batteries of artillery,
医疗车、浮桥、成吨♥的军需品、帐篷、电报线。
ambulances, pontoon bridges, tons of provisions, tents, telegraph wire.
动用了400条船，花了3个星期
It took 400 boats 3 weeks to land it all
才将这些物资运到弗吉尼亚的门罗堡。
at Fortress Monroe on the Virginia coast.
“整个地区简直都布满了军人。
"The whole region seems literally filled with soldiery.
“史上军容最佳的部队之一，
"One of the finest armies ever marshalled on the globe
“唤醒了沉寂已久的田野和森林。
"now wakes up these long stagnant fields and woods.
“麦克莱伦将军在此亲自指挥。”
"General McClellan is here and commands in person."
A.M.斯图尔特牧师
Reverend A.M. Stewart.
“我守护你们就如父母守护自己的孩子，
"I am to watch over you as a parent over his children,
“你们知道你们的将军从内心深处爱你们。
"and you know that your general loves you from the depths of his heart.
我关心的是尽可能用最小代价去赢得胜利。”
It shall be my care to gain success with the least possible loss."
但在离约克镇不到20英里的地方，
But at Yorktown, less than 20 miles away,
南军严阵以待，数量远超北军，
the Confederates waited, vastly outnumbered,
决心保卫家园和还击侵略者。
but determined to defend their homes and hurl back the invaders.
对北军来说行进却十分缓慢。
For the North it was slow going.
情报称十分干燥的道路全是泥沼。
Roads said to be bone dry were bogs.
联邦军官无奈靠一张商店买♥♥来的地图作指引，
结果迷路了。
Union officers forced to rely on store-bought maps, lost their way.
最终在4月5日，先头部队抵达约克镇，
Finally, on April 5, the advance guard reached Yorktown,
那里的一幢建筑被南军控制，这幢建筑恰是
where the Confederates had taken over the building
独♥立♥战争时期被康沃利斯侯爵用来作为指挥部的。
used by Lord Cornwallis as headquarters during the revolutionary war.
那里据守着11000名南军，
There were just 11,000 southern troops dug in,
还不到麦克莱伦部队的十分之一。
not even a tenth of McClellan's force.
但南军的指挥官是约翰.班克赫德.马格鲁德，
But the Confederate commander was John Bankhead Magruder,
一个花里胡哨的弗吉尼亚人，爱好业余戏剧表演。
a showy Virginian who loved amateur theatricals.
这一次他超水准发挥。
He now outdid even himself.
为了骗麦克莱伦相信他的部队数量庞大，
To fool McClellan into believing that his small force was enormous,
马格鲁德布置了一个零星、分散的炮阵，
Magruder kept up a sporadic, widely scattered artillery barrage
又让一个营的人马不断循环进出一片空地，
and paraded one battalion in and out of a clearing
直到让北军侦查员认为，敌军人多势众。
in an endless circle, until it seemed, to Union observers, a mighty host.
亚拉巴马第9步兵团埃德蒙.帕特森下士：
Corporal Edmund Patterson, 9th Alabama.
“今早我们被调出去大转圈，
"This morning we were called out by the long roll,
“几乎一整天一直跑来跑去，
"and have been traveling most of the day,
“看来唯一目的就是尽可能多的
"seeming with no other view than to show ourselves to the enemy
“在战线不同的点上把我们展示给敌人看。
"at as many different points of the line as possible.
好累啊...”
I'm pretty tired..."
“显而易见，我将牢牢困住整支敌军，”
"It seems clear that I shall have the whole force of the enemy on my hands,"
麦克莱伦拍电报给林肯，
McClellan telegraphed Lincoln,
“可能至少要用10万人，
"Probably not less than 100,000 men,
也许更多。”
and possibly more."
麦克莱伦还在呼叫援军。
McClellan called for reinforcements.
南军总司令约瑟夫.姜斯顿
General Joseph E. Johnston, the overall Confederate commander,
不敢相信他的运气。
could not believe his luck.
“除了麦克莱伦，”他说，“没人会按兵不动。”
"Nobody but McClellan," he said, "could have hesitated to attack."
“我再说一次，
"Once more, let me tell you,
“你必须要奋力一击。
"it is indispensable to you that you strike a blow.
“我从未象现在这么仁慈的
"I have never written to you or spoken to you
“写信或告诉你，
"in greater kindness than now,
“也不遗余力的给你补充给养，
"nor with fuller purpose to sustain you.