移民国度（2020）

‎他们有的指标之一 ‎是移♥民♥死亡率的上增
And one of the metrics they have is a rise in migrant deaths.
‎若我们这样做 死亡人数会增加
If we do this, deaths may increase
‎因为我们会把他们逼进恶劣环境里
because we're gonna force people into this hostile terrain
‎让他们冒着生命危险
where they will risk life and limb.
‎我们认为若有足够的人死亡的话 ‎他们就不来了
We thought if enough people died, they would stop coming,
‎但很明显地 事情不是那样发生的
but clearly, that has not been the case.
‎那是我们北美自♥由♥贸易协定
So, that kind of picked up right around the time
‎崩溃墨西哥经济时增加的
that we crashed the Mexican economy with NAFTA.
‎所以有了数百千 数百万的人口 ‎离开墨西哥
So, you've got hundreds of thousands, millions of people leaving Mexico
‎而被漏斗到像亚利桑那州的地方
and now being funneled out into places like Arizona.
‎从墨西哥进入亚利桑那州很容易的
It's easy to get into Arizona from Mexico.
‎离开南英里五或十英里 ‎是很难的一件事
It's hard to get out of the southern mile or five or ten miles.
‎80年代时 ‎我们一年内平均不到15或20个死亡案
In the '80s, we didn't average... 15 or 20 deaths a year.
‎（图森）
‎2000年时 我们有了75个死亡案 ‎认为数目跳了很多
In 2000 and we had 75 deaths, we thought, "Well, that's a jump up."
‎下一年 我们有了150起案
And then the next year, we had 150.
‎然后911事件发生了
And then 9/11 happens.
‎政♥治♥家开始把恐♥怖♥分♥子♥ ‎和无证移♥民♥合并
Politicians start conflating terrorism with undocumented migration.
‎我们有执法的责任
We have a responsibility to enforce our laws.
‎我们有保护边界的责任
We have a responsibility to secure our borders.
‎“我们不想有另一起911事件
"We don't want another 9/11,
‎所以我们必须在工业园区上 ‎花数十亿美元
so we need to throw billions of dollars at this industrial complex
‎使边界军事化”
to militarize the border."
‎美国大众相信了
And the American public buys it.
‎俄亥俄州的管道工乔
Joe the Plumber in Ohio,
‎根本不了解亚利桑那州南部
he doesn't know shit from Shinola about southern Arizona.
‎事情就越来越严重
It just starts ramping up.
‎所以我们开始花钱 ‎试图解决这个问题
So, we're gonna start throwing money at this issue.
‎派了更多货车和感应器上场
We put more trucks and sensors,
‎上千数的边境巡逻特工 ‎建起了更多设施
thousands of Border Patrol agents and just more infrastructure.
‎（国际边境巡逻预算 ‎国际边境特工总数）
‎这些检查站有漏斗的用意
Checkpoints act as a funnel,
‎它们会把移♥民♥往山里赶
and they'll basically push them out into the mountains.
‎他们来到这里时
Once they get out here,
‎就会被环境狠狠地影响
and they're literally physically beat by the environment.
‎他们必须走得更远
They had to go out further.
‎费更多力气才能过边境 ‎现在没以前那么容易了
They're gonna have to work harder to get across. It's not so easy no more.
‎你那样做的话 他们收的费更高
So when you do that, well, the rates go up.
‎一切都专注于赚钱 他们也是资本家
It's all about making money. They're capitalists, too.
‎他们越警惕 ‎或我们越难过边境时
The more vigilance there is, or the harder it is to get across,
‎价钱就会越高
the price grows as well.
‎我们所做到的只是为贩毒集团
All we're doing is making more money for the cartels
‎和国际帮派赚更多钱 ‎边境巡逻队是知道的
and for transnational gangs, and the Border Patrol knows this.
‎评论他们的政♥府♥问责机构 ‎也是知道的
The government accountability agencies that have evaluated them know this.
‎我是位科学家 ‎所以数字对我来说是非常紧要的
I'm a scientist, and so, for me, numbers are crucial.
‎若你看看数字
And if you look at the numbers,
‎通过威慑预防是1994年正式开始的
prevention through deterrence starts in 1994 officially,
‎你能从边界的军事化
and you see a direct positive correlation between the militarization of the border
‎和死亡案看得到直接正相关
and the numbers of deaths.
‎我是说 我们从一年少过100起死亡案
I mean, you went from having under a hundred deaths a year
‎跳到了亚利桑那州本身 ‎就有数百起死亡案
to now hundreds of deaths in Arizona alone.
‎（亚利桑那州移♥民♥死亡总数 ‎年度边境巡逻队预算）
‎若我们说政♥府♥提前知道
To say that the government knew ahead of time
‎他们若作出某种行动
that if they did X, Y and Z,
‎会导致更多的人死亡
an outcome of that would be increased deaths,
‎那和积极杀死那些人是不一样的
that's not the same as actively killing those people.
‎若我们真的做了大众认为我们做的事
If we wanted to do what I think there is a perception that we do,
‎那就是：“我们该让他们只能通过 ‎死亡漏斗进入
which is, "Let's just make it really hard to cross the border everywhere
‎把他们放进死亡漏斗
but a death funnel. Let's put them in a death funnel
‎让问题自己解决！ ‎达尔文主义就是这样！”
and just let it sort it out. Hey, you know what? Darwinism, man!"
‎但我们不那样做的原因是 ‎无论你相不相信
But the reason that we don't do that is because, believe it or not,
‎那只是政策的副产品 ‎不是陈述的议程
that's a byproduct of the policy, but it's not the stated agenda.
‎如果那是我们的目标
If that was our goal,
‎我们能以比现在更容易的方法办事
we could do that way easier than what we are choosing to do now.
‎你不能去外头射死3000个移♥民♥
You couldn't go out there and shoot 3,000 migrants,
‎但在亚利桑那州里死3000到5000个人 ‎能以：“他们是让自己有危险的
but 3,000-5,000 deaths in Arizona can be explained as like,
‎这是他们自己做的选择 ‎大自然是很残酷的”的方式解释
"People put themselves in harm's way. They did it to themselves. Nature's a bitch," kind of thing.
‎有人在死亡 ‎而我们是知道他们会死的
People are dying, and we knew they were gonna die.
‎他们继续死亡 这个时刻也在死亡
They continue to die. They're dying right now.
‎-你准备好了吗？ ‎-是
Ready? -Yeah.
‎好 谢谢你
Oh, thank you.
‎好的
Okay.
‎好
Okay.
‎真是个难受的一天！
What an ugly day!
‎-就是那种感觉 ‎-真不容易
That's how it feels. -It's hard.
‎但最终 我因为能找到他还是很开心
But ultimately, I'm happy because we found him.
‎-对 今天终于来临了 ‎-终于啊
Yes, yes, today is finally the day. -Finally. Finally.
‎所以他能安息
Yeah. So he can rest, and so can I,
‎而我和所有家人都能休息了
and everyone, the whole family.
‎（墨西哥领♥事♥馆♥ ‎图森 亚利桑那州）
‎还有其他问题吗？
Do you have any questions?
‎这就是遗骸
Here are the promised remains...
‎他们因为不能正式地排队才会死亡的
They're dying because... there's not a line to get into.
‎如果他们能通过排队 经过审查
Probably 99% of them wouldn't have been dead
‎而进来工作的话
if they could have stood in a line, been vetted and came over here
‎他们百分比99都可能不会死亡
and did an honest day's work for an honest day's pay.
‎我无法告诉你
I can't tell you how exhausting it is, day in and day out,
‎每天对你无法责怪的人上手铐
to be putting cuffs on people
‎是件多累人的事
that you honestly can't blame one iota for what they did.
‎他们又不是杀死自己的妻子 ‎或引发炸♥弹♥爆♥炸♥
They didn't kill their wife. They didn't set off a bomb somewhere.
‎又不是打劫银行
They didn't rob a bank.
‎若我处于他们的情况下 ‎我也会做一样的事
Doing exactly what I would do in their situation,
‎那就是来到这里
which is to try to come here.
‎我不喜欢我职业的这一点 ‎但我依然认为这是重要的工作
I don't like that about my career, but I still think it's important to do it,
‎所以我就放开我的个人感受
and I put my personal feelings aside,
‎但那是所有纳粹都说过的话 对吧？
which, yeah, maybe that's what every Nazi said, right?
‎放开自己的感受 但我真的相信
That I put my feelings aside. But I actually believe in the cause
‎我们必须在边界上实行某种主♥权♥
of trying to enforce some sort of sovereignty over our borders,
‎只是没人想出了更好的办法
and no one's figured out a better way to do it yet.
‎执法到底是什么？
What is law enforcement?
‎有个人开着车
A guy's driving down the road.
‎看见了每小时70英里的限速标志
You see a speed limit sign. It says 70 miles an hour.
‎他是知道路上有警♥察♥ ‎的机率不高的 对吧？
You know odds are there's not a cop on that road, right?
‎但大多数的人还是遵守法律的 ‎为什么呢？
But most people follow the law. Why is that?
‎因为街上可能有个警♥察♥
Because there might be a cop on that road.
‎害怕被抓是一种威慑力
Fear of getting caught is a deterrent.
‎那就是支撑我们社会一切的道理
It's what underpins the whole totality of our society.
‎那是我们系统的基础
That's what our system is built on.
‎我们想用威慑力解决移♥民♥问题 ‎已经十多年了
We've been trying to deter our way out of the migration issue for decades.
‎但我们很明显没从90年代学到的是
But what we clearly didn't learn from in the '90s
‎威慑没解决问题
is that deterrence has not solved the problem.
‎2000年代没解决
It didn't solve it in the 2000s,
‎这个年代也没解决
and it hasn't solved it this decade.
‎因为我们只是以执法角度看着局面
Because we're only looking at this through a law enforcement lens.
‎忘了从历史中学习 威慑是无效的
Forget not learning from history that deterrence doesn't work.
‎我们忽视了我们身为国人的身份
We're turning our back on ourselves as a people,
‎我们自己的身份
who we are,
‎忘了我们大多数的人 ‎起初是怎么来到这里的
how the vast majority of us got here.
‎来这里想过边境大多数的人
Most of the people who come to the border and want to cross,
‎他们什么都没有
they got nothing,
‎冒着失去一切的风险
and they risk everything.
‎他们很可能卖♥♥了房♥子 卖♥♥了地
Probably they sell their home, sell their land,
‎离开了工作...
leave their jobs, you know,
‎或离开了家人
or leave their family.
‎但我认为我们都是一样的
But I think we're all the same.
‎我们死了后都会去一样的地方
Me, you, we all go to the same hole.
‎有些人会死在沙漠里 生命就是如此
There are some who die in the desert. So it goes.
‎都只是风险
This life is all a risk.
‎我们喜欢逮捕人吗？
Do we necessarily want to be arresting people?
‎不是的
You know, no.
‎不 我们明白从另个国家来的这里
No, we understand the concept of coming here from another country
‎找工作谋生的概念
and being able to work and make a living