彩色二战简史：胜利之路（2021）

WWⅡ in Color: Road to Victory S01E09

Part 6 Dec. 30, 2021, 7:39 p.m.

finds one of Konev's commanders and he shouts, "This is my area!"
科涅夫不得不让部队停下来
And Konev has to stop his forces
让朱可夫猛攻国会大厦
and let Zhukov storm the Reichstag.
朱可夫身负斯大林的命令要让他夺取国会大厦
Zhukov is carrying orders from Stalin that he is to take the Reichstag.
经历是数月的残酷战斗
After months of brutal fighting,
牺牲了他手下数万人
sacrificing tens of thousands of his men's lives,
科涅夫才意识到他永远得不到这件战利品
Konev realizes that he was never going to get the trophy
他不过是一个用来提高赌注的棋子
and had simply been a pawn to up the stakes.
科涅夫对朱可夫束手无策
Konev couldn't do anything against Zhukov
因为朱可夫是斯大林指派的
because Zhukov was nominated by Stalin.
是斯大林安插♥进♥军队的
It was his man in the Army.
斯大林耍过这种手段
Stalin played such things.
他是一位制♥造♥对立
He was a master of creating rivals
并且到处散布谜团的大♥师♥
and spreading enigma everywhere.
现在柏林市已经向红军投降
Now, as the city of Berlin surrenders to the Red Army,
朱可夫必须确保最高统帅斯大林
Zhukov must make sure that supremo Stalin
能拿到他在等待的照片
gets the photo he's been waiting for.
所以5月2日朱可夫元帅来到国会大厦
So May the 2nd, Marshal Zhukov gets to the Reichstag
他说 “让我们把旗帜升起来”
and says, "Let's get that flag up."
二战中最著名的苏联摄影师
The most famous Soviet photographer during the war
是一名犹太战地记者叫做叶甫根尼·哈尔岱
was, uh, a Jewish war correspondent, Yevgeny Khaldei.
他在德国占领苏联时失去了大部分家人
Had lost most of his family in the German occupation in Russia.
他带着一面红旗他在战后说
He brought a red banner and he said, after the war,
那本来是一张红色桌布是他一位在俄♥国♥的犹太朋友缝的
it was a red tablecloth that had been sown by a friend of his back in Russia who was Jewish.
所以一面犹太人缝制的红旗在国会大厦上升起
So a Jewish-sewn red banner put over the Reichstag
又被一位犹太摄影师拍了下来
and photographed by a Jewish photographer.
我觉得这是非常美妙的富有诗意的正义
I think that's a really wonderful bit of poetic justice.
这是惊人且壮观的标志性时刻之一
One of these astonishing, spectacular, iconic moments.
当然斯大林知道这就是最有价值的照片
Of course, Stalin, he knew that was the money shot.
当这张照片登上了国际头条
As the photograph hits the international front pages…
全世界都在庆祝期待已久的与纳粹德国战争的结束
…the world celebrates the long-awaited end of the war with Nazi Germany.
朱可夫元帅匆匆赶回莫斯科参加阅兵式
Marshal Zhukov is hurried back to take pride of place in the Moscow parade,
他在阅兵式上被誉为是祖国最伟大的战争英雄
where he is heralded as his country's greatest war hero.
但对斯大林来说工作才刚刚开始
But for Stalin, the work has only just begun.
在全世界弹冠相庆时
With the world rejoicing,
他下令在柏林的部队开始搜刮战利品
he orders his troops in Berlin to start hunting down the spoils of war.
他启动了一个宏大的项目
He starts a huge project
要赶在西线盟军达到前夺取补偿
of taking reparations before the Western Allies get there.
所以他们拆解了工厂
So dismantling factories,
图书馆和艺术品
libraries, artworks.
他派出特殊小组
He's sending his special squads
去围捕科学家并带回苏联
to try and round up scientists to take them back to the Soviet Union,
威廉皇帝学会当然也是目标因为那里有核材料
and targets the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute because of the nuclear materials there.
但当他的间谍到达实验室之后
But when his spies arrive at the lab,
只找到了一批铀和一些研究论文
apart from a batch of uranium and some research papers,
他们发现希♥特♥勒♥的原子项目在早期试验后就再无进展
they discover Hitler's atomic project hasn't advanced beyond early tests.
但斯大林依然相信他会有所发现
But Stalin still believes he's onto something.
他知道这件武器会在某个时刻成为未来的武器
He knew that this weapon would at some point be the weapon of the future,
而在柏林之战后他才意识到
and it was only after the Battle of Berlin that he realized
在核武器方面美国人已经遥遥领先了
that the Americans were really far ahead with nuclear weapons.
8月6日上午8点15分
A B-29 was over Hiroshima at 8:15
一架B-29飞临广岛上空
in the morning of August 6th.
第一颗原♥子♥弹♥击中了敌方目标
The first atomic bomb struck an enemy target.
三个月后美国投下了两颗原♥子♥弹♥
When, three months later, America drops two atomic bombs
终结了与日本的战争 18公里高的蘑菇云在数百公里之外都看得见
to end the war in Japan, the 60,000-foot clouds, seen for hundreds of miles away,
这让斯大林看到了一个令人不寒而栗的未来
gives Stalin a chilling vision of the future.
从克里姆林宫的窗户都看得见
It was visible from the windows of Kremlin.
斯大林明白这更多是在针对苏联
Stalin understood that it was done more against the Soviet Union
而不是日本
than against the Japanese.
从柏林空手而归而美国又获得了核武器的成功
Embittered at having come away from Berlin empty-handed,
这让斯大林很愤怒
and America's nuclear success,
斯大林的妄想变得不可收拾
Stalin's paranoia goes into overdrive.
首先感受他怒火的是一些跟他最亲近的人
First to feel his wrath are some of those closest to him.
他相信暴♥力♥是一种解决方法
He believes in bloodletting as a system.
现在他通过杀戮清洗恐惧和逮捕
And now he reimposes Soviet power
来重新实施苏维埃权力
with killing, with purges, with terror, with arrests.
不惜一切提升他自己的权力
Anything it takes to promote his own power.
他采取的措施之一就是立即削弱将军的权力
One of the things he does is to diminish the generals immediately.
而失宠的将军之一就是柏林的英雄
One of those to fall from favor is the hero of Berlin.
没有人会忘记朱可夫骑着白马穿过红场的样子
Nobody would forget the image of Zhukov riding his white horse across Red Square.
朱可夫受到了很多关注
Zhukov received a lot of attention.
斯大林不喜欢其他人受到这种关注
Stalin didn't like for other people to receive that kind of attention.
所以他在战后就剥夺了他的权力
That's why he diminished his role after the war.
他把朱可夫派去了敖德萨一个相对较小的军区
He sends Zhukov to Odessa, relatively small military counsel.
到此结束朱可夫元帅的军事生涯终结了
That's it. That's how career of Marshal Zhukov's ended.
在柏林的征服者遭到贬斥的同时
As Berlin's conqueror is pushed into obscurity,
被毁坏的城市现在进入了新时代
the ruined city is now entering a new era.
随着盟军进驻各自的占领区
As the Allies move into their zones,
柏林变成了他们之间意识形态斗争的实体象征
Berlin becomes a physical symbol of the ideological struggle between them.
现在世界被分成了两半
So, now, the world is dividing down the middle
一边是由美国领导的西方盟国
between the Western Allies, led by the Americans
美国也变成了第一个超级大国
who become the first superpower,
另一边则是苏联苏联也很快掌握了核力量
and the Soviet Union, which becomes very quickly a nuclear power
成为了第二个超级大国
and the second superpower.
德国被分♥裂♥ 成为了东德和西德
Germany is split down the middle, you get East Germany, West Germany.
在柏林已经开始修建一些结构
And in Berlin,
日后就变成了柏林墙
you see the beginnings of the structures that later on become the Berlin Wall.
柏林落入了铁幕之后
Berlin falls in behind the Iron Curtain.
整个东德和东欧
That whole swathe of Eastern Germany and Eastern Europe
实际都变成了共♥产♥国家
becomes effectively communist
这就是1945年4月到5月柏林之战的结果
as a result of what happens in Berlin in April and May, 1945.
毫无疑问丘吉尔对发生的事情感到愧疚
There's no question that Churchill feels guilty about what has happened,
因为丘吉尔如果有办法的话
because Churchill, if he had his way,
就会背信弃义就会从背后捅出刀子
would have been perfidious, would have kind of stuck the knife in
抢先夺取柏林
and got to Berlin first.
战争的结局对温斯顿·丘吉尔来说苦乐参半
The end of the war was bittersweet for Winston Churchill.
他已经看到了美国的实力是如何极大超越了
He'd seen how the American power had vastly outstripped
破败和衰落的大英帝国
a bankrupt and diminished British Empire.
他现在又看到了斯大林是如何拿捏住了柏林和东欧
Now he also saw how Stalin had really secured Berlin and Eastern Europe,
他意识到这对西方来说是道义上的失败
and he realized that was a moral failure of the West.
所有的大人物都知道
All the big players knew this,
但像丘吉尔这样的人明白像斯大林这样的人更是完全明白
but people like Churchill understood, people like Stalin totally understood,
现在新的冲突已经开始那就是冷战
that there was now a new conflict beginning, and it was the Cold War.