彩色二战简史：胜利之路（2021）

It must have been an absolutely stupendous sight
看到巨大的日军军舰阵列 就在他们下方
to see this great array of Japanese ships beneath them,
所有的目标都在等待着收割
all targets ripe for the taking.
这些飞行员直接发起进攻 对日本海军施加进一步的惩罚
These pilots just went in and inflicted yet more punishment on the Japanese Navy.
又击沉了一艘航母
Sank one more carrier,
击伤了其他几艘船
damaged several other ships…
然后开始返航
and then turned around to fly back.
米切尔明知超出了作战半径 却依然冒险起飞飞机
Mitscher's gamble to launch his planes, knowing they're out of range,
让他的飞行员们面临着危险的返航
leaves his pilots facing a perilous return journey.
他们在300多公里以外
They're more than 200 miles away.
这意味着如果有任何飞机 返回到了航母之上
Meaning that any of the aircraft that do make it back to those carriers
油箱也已经空空如也了
will be running on fumes.
他们一架接一架耗尽了燃油
They ran out of gas, and one by one,
只能在水面迫降
they went into the water.
飞行员爬出来 给小救生艇充气
Pilots scrambling out, inflating their little life raft.
然后战斗机开始耗尽燃油
And then the fighter planes began to run out of fuel,
然后轰炸机开始耗尽燃油
and then the bombers began to run out of fuel.
降落时仅剩下不到75升燃油 这样的故事一个接一个
Story after story of men landing planes with less than 20 gallons of gas.
有人说起他降落得太狠
One guy talks about he landed with such a thud,
他完全是从天上摔下来的 因为已经没燃油了
he literally fell out of the sky because he had no gas left.
看到他让飞行员陷入的险境
Seeing the danger he's placed his pilots in,
米切尔决定豪赌一把
Mitscher takes a huge gamble
此举也在以后巩固了他的声誉
that would seal his reputation for years to come.
他做了一件伟大的事情 赢得了飞行员永远的忠诚
He did one great thing that earned his loyalty forever from the aviators.
天快黑了
It was getting dark.
他不想让部下被迫在海面上弃机
And he didn't want the men to have to ditch their planes into the sea,
所以他冒了适度的风险 下令打开灯光
and so he took a calculated risk and ordered all the lights turned on
给飞机导航
to guide them in.
这是个非常大胆的决定
That's a tremendously gutsy decision.
你在敌军水域
You are in enemy waters.
可能被敌军潜艇包围着
You could be surrounded by enemy submarines,
现在又把船照得像圣诞树一样
and now you're lighting your ships up like a Christmas tree.
但这也能让你看出 美军把自己的飞行员
But that gives you an indication of just how important the Americans view
看得有多重要
their aviators as being.
我记得到最后损失了34人
In the end, I think 34 men were lost,
大约70架飞机
about 70 aircraft.
但飞机对于美军来说
But aircraft, for the Americans,
想造多少都可以 不是问题
who could build as many as they wanted, were not a problem.
那些训练有素的飞行员 拯救那些飞行员才重要
It was those trained pilots, and rescuing those pilots, that was important.
日军几乎没有救回多少他们的飞行员
The Japanese rescued almost none of theirs.
他们损失了400架飞机 就损失了400名飞行员
When they lost 400 planes, they lost 400 pilots.
我们有太多飞机坠毁
So many of our planes went down.
这是一次相对令人沮丧的行动
It was a rather disheartening operation.
第二天 我们搜寻了整个区域
And the next day, we swept through the area
为了确保如果还有人在海里
in order to make sure that if there was anyone still left in the water,
我们会把他们救起来
uh, we would pick 'em up.
而这就是战争中有趣的部分之一
And that really is one of the interesting parts of the war.
看日军如何将他们的武士当做消耗品
Looking at how the Japanese view their warriors as essentially expendable,
而美军则非常小心地 保护这些人的性命
whereas the Americans are very careful to preserve the lives of those men.
到了6月20日晚上
On the evening of the 20th of June,
小泽治三郎终于得知陆基飞机的损失
Ozawa finally learns of the loss of his land-based aircraft.
因为最后一搏的计划破灭 舰队也被摧毁
With his last-ditch plan blown and his fleet decimated,
他开始向日本撤退
he withdraws towards Japan,
同时也立即辞去了日本海军的职务
offering his immediate resignation from the Japanese Navy.
他本可以做出更加极端的反应
He could have taken it to even more extreme examples than that
甚至是自杀
and possibly committed suicide.
但无论如何 他提出了辞职 但被拒绝了
But anyway, he offers his resignation, and it's turned down.
辞职被拒也是有充分理由的
And it's turned down for good reason, actually,
不仅因为小泽治三郎 是日本海军最有才华的将军之一
because not only was Ozawa one of the most talented admirals the Japanese Navy had,
还因为他实际制定了一个几乎就奏效 而且也有可能奏效的计划
he'd also actually put in place a plan that almost worked and might have worked
但老实说 美军的内在优势太大了
but for the, frankly, in-built superiority of the Americans.
小泽治三郎已经尽力打好这一仗了
Ozawa fought as good a battle as he could fight.
他把能做对的事情都做对了
He did everything right that he could do.
但也没有什么用
But it just didn't matter.
他面对的对手等级太高
The caliber of opponent that he was up against,
无论如何他都会输掉
he was gonna lose this battle.
日军一开始并没有意识到
The Japanese didn't realize that at the outset,
但他们到最后肯定意识到了
but they certainly realized it by the end.
对于东条英机首相来说
For Prime Minister Tojo,
战败的消息是个难以下咽的苦果
the news of the defeat is hard to swallow.
塞班岛已经完全暴露在美军的枪口下
It leaves the island of Saipan fully exposed to the U.S. invasion.
他们的舰队受创 航母没了
Their fleet is broken, their carriers are gone,
飞机没了 飞行员也没了
their planes are gone, their aviators are gone.
这时 东条英机的一位顾问说
At this point, one of Admiral Tojo's advisers said,
“结束了 地狱降临了”
"This is it, hell is upon us."
天♥皇♥的性命危在旦夕 与其放弃战斗
With the emperor's life at stake, rather than give up the fight,
东条英机反而命令岛上的司令 斋藤义次将军加强抵抗
Tojo orders his commander on the island, General Saitō, to double down.
现在斋藤义次不得不独自守卫塞班岛
Now Saitō has to defend Saipan alone,
不仅要面对登陆的陆战队和陆军部队
not only against the Marines and Army troops who are landing,
还要面对瞄准着塞班岛的特遣舰队
but against these overwhelming air attacks from this task force
铺天盖地的空袭
which is, like, zeroing in on Saipan.
战况艰难 但日军的对策是掘壕固守
It's really tough, but the Japanese solution is to dig in
迫使美军部队上岸
and to force the American troops to come ashore
在全岛各地的山洞 战壕和堡垒里
to evict them all around the island
对他们进行清剿
from caves and trenches and fortresses.
美军部队现在不仅
The American troops are now not only having to contend
要应对岛上艰苦的条件
with the difficult conditions on the island,
同时也得知岛上还藏有 成千上万的平民
but also the knowledge it's hiding thousands of civilians.
美军知道日军并不介意把平民
The Americans knew that the Japanese were not above using the civilian population
当做人肉盾牌
as human shields.
日军会把平民家庭带进山洞
And the Japanese would take families into the caves with them,
和他们待在一起 他们能够听见孩子的哭声
and they could hear children crying.
他们会让翻译请求他们
And they would have their interpreters begging them,
“请出来 再过五分钟 我们就要炸掉这山洞”
"Please come out. We're gonna blow up this cave in five minutes."
“请出来 你们不会有事的”
"Please come out. Nothing will happen to you."
有时候也别无选择
And having no choice sometimes
只能封死山洞 即便知道里面有平民家庭
but to seal up these caves knowing that there were families in there.
当美军与驻防敌军厮杀时
As the Americans fight their way through the enemy garrisons,
6月25日 日军已经希望渺茫
by the 25th of June, there is little hope left for the Japanese.
身在东京的天♥皇♥终于得知了坏消息
The bad news reaches the emperor in Tokyo.
现在他发怒了
Now he was angry.
他说 “现在你们要怎么办”
He said, "Now what are you going to do?"
裕仁说 “我不管你们要怎么做
Hirohito said, "I don't care how you do it,
我不管你们要动用什么部队
I don't care what forces you need,
你们必须把岛夺回来”
you must recapture the island."
这就强迫军政♥府♥
This forced the military regime
紧急制定出夺回塞班岛的计划
to scramble to put together a plan to recapture Saipan
但他们清楚在那时这是不可能的
that they knew at the time was absolutely impossible.
但却没人想要直面裕仁
And yet, no one wanted to look Hirohito in the eye
并告诉他 “这是不可能的”
and say, "This can't be done."
所以大约24小时之后
And so it was only after about 24 hours
东条英机告诉天♥皇♥
that Tojo told the emperor,
“这不可能 我们做不到”
uh, "This is impossible. We can't do this."
随着他们失去了对塞班岛的控制
As they lose their grip on the island,
战败的耻辱笼罩着剩余的日军
the shame of defeat hangs heavy on the remaining Japanese troops.
塞班岛的情况恶化到了
The situation on Saipan has deteriorated to the point
已经无路可退
that there really is no place left to retreat.
日军都拥挤在岛屿北端
The Japanese forces are crammed into the northern end of the island.
如果你是帝国士兵 那你就只剩一件事可以决定
If you're an imperial soldier, you've only got one thing left to determine,
那就是你准备怎么死
and that is, how are you going to die?
斋藤义次将军向他的军官们传话
So General Saitō sends a message to his officers,
告诉他们 “置死地而后生
telling them, "In death, there is life,
是时候集结你们的部下 发起一次光荣的万岁冲锋了”
and it's time to amass your people in one glorious banzai charge."
这就是“玉碎” 也就是“带着荣誉而死”
The term for it is gyokusai. "Die with honor."
他说 “我也会死在这里
He says, "I will die here, too,
我的尸骨将会证明
and my bones will be a testament
我们在塞班岛所做的一切”
to what we did here in Saipan."
所以他撤退到一个山洞里 切腹自杀
So he retreats to a cave and commits ritual seppuku.
他切开自己的腹部 同时让助手朝他头部开枪
He disembowels himself while his aide shoots him in the head.
斋藤义次将军自杀之后
With General Saitō gone,
轮到剩下的部队