彩色二战简史：胜利之路（2021）

1940年5月
May, 1940.
英国的至暗时刻
Britain's darkest hour.
挪威的军事失败导致
Military failure in Norway
内维尔·张伯伦首相下台
has led to the fall of the prime minister, Neville Chamberlain.
英国下议院坚持 由温斯顿·丘吉尔接手
The House of Commons has insisted that Winston Churchill take over.
但丘吉尔有许多政敌
But Churchill has many enemies,
其中包括他自己的保守党成员
including members of his own Conservative Party
以及外♥交♥部♥
and the Foreign Office,
他们希望英国与阿道夫·希♥特♥勒♥维持和平
who want Britain to make peace with Adolf Hitler.
丘吉尔面对的最大挑战之一
One of Churchill's greatest challenges was undoubtedly
无疑就是鼓励战时内阁继续战斗
encouraging the War Cabinet to keep fighting.
就在丘吉尔成为首相的当天
On the same day that Churchill becomes prime minister,
德国入侵了法国
Germany invades France.
英国远征军被派去救援法国
The British Expeditionary Force is sent to help the French.
但丘吉尔担心法国缺乏战斗意愿
But Churchill worries the French lack the will to fight.
如果法国投降 远征军被俘
If France surrenders and the Expeditionary Force is captured,
很多美国人都相信 英国也会战败
many Americans believe that Britain will be finished.
没有美国的支援
Without American support,
希♥特♥勒♥的千年帝国将会主宰欧洲
Hitler's 1,000-Year Reich will reign supreme over Europe.
所以 英国的战争就会结束
So, the war would've been over for Britain,
我们可能也会生活在一个完全不同
and we probably would be living in a world so different today
以致于都无法辨认的世界
we wouldn't even recognize it.
随着法国♥军♥队的撤退
As the French Army falls back,
英军也被分割并包围在
the British are cut off and surrounded
敦刻尔克港口
at the port of Dunkirk.
局势无可挽回
All is lost.
如果英国远征军无法被撤回
If the British Expeditionary Force would not pull back,
他们要么被俘 要么被屠♥杀♥
they would either be captured or slaughtered.
战争也就结束了
And that would have been the end of the war.
这就是丘吉尔继续对抗希♥特♥勒♥
This is the incredible story of how Churchill fought on against Hitler
并与同盟国一起走向胜利的 难以置信的故事
and so continued with the Allies to victory.
彩色二战：胜利之路
第 1 集 敦刻尔克
1939年9月1日
On the 1st of September, 1939,
德国入侵波兰
Germany invades Poland.
英国宣战了
Britain is at war.
政♥府♥做出回应 派遣英国远征军
The government responds by sending the British Expeditionary Force,
简称远征军 前往法国
the BEF, to France.
这是远征军登船的第一张照片
And now, the first pictures of the embarkation of the BEF.
从来没有军队以如此正义的理由前往前线
Never before has an army set out from the front to fight for a more just cause.
也从来没有人有如此这般的胜利决心
Never before have men been more determined to win.
希♥特♥勒♥快滚我们来了
超过15万2000名士兵启航前往法国与比利时的边境与法军汇合
More than 152,000 soldiers set sail to join their French counterparts on the Franco-Belgian border.
到达之后 他们开挖战壕
Once there, they dig in,
并且等待德军进攻
and wait for the Germans to attack.
他们在等待事情的发生
And they're waiting for something to happen.
虽然他们知道战争即将开始 但等待依然让他们非常自得
Although they knew it was going to start, waiting made them really complacent.
他们依然在继续等待
And still, they go on waiting.
到了这个阶段 这场战争被称为“假战”
Already by this stage, the, uh, war was being called the Phoney War.
也有人将其称为无聊战争 因为很无聊
Um, some called it the Bore War because it was boring.
他们需要保持忙碌 有进行训练
So they need to be kept busy. There's training going on.
有人还回国过圣诞 回国休假
People are going back for Christmas, going back on leave.
经常踢足球
You know, there was a lot of football played. Um…
可能是 娱乐
It could be, you know, entertainments,
约书亚·莱文
还有人来做表演和演出
uh, where people come and... and put on acts and put on shows.
出现了一种荒谬的情况 所有人都在疑惑
So you have this ridiculous situation where everyone is wandering around,
“我以为我们是来打仗的 但似乎没有人在打”
going, "I thought we were at war, but no one seems to be fighting anything."
《奔逃的骚乱》莱斯利·亨森
但战争还是来临了
But war is coming.
到1940年1月时
By January 1940,
德国将领已经制订出了 一个进攻西欧的计划
German generals have formulated a plan of attack on Western Europe.
但希♥特♥勒♥突然暂停了入侵
But Hitler suddenly stalls the invasion,
迫使盟军继续等待
forcing the Allies to continue to wait.
在进攻法国的最佳方式方面
There is a disagreement between Hitler and his generals
希♥特♥勒♥和他的将领们出现了分歧
about how best to attack France.
特立独行的海因茨·古德里安将军
The maverick General Heinz Guderian
强烈主张派遣坦克穿过阿登地区
strongly advocates sending tanks through the Ardennes,
这是一片森林稠密的丘陵地带
a densely forested and hilly region
拥有狭窄蜿蜒的路网
made up of a narrow, winding network of roads
被认为坦克无法通行
thought to be impassable for tanks.
但一旦通过 坦克便能冲刺至海峡
Once through, the tanks would rush to the channel,
将英军与法军分割开
cutting the British Army off from the French.
但德军最高统帅部觉得该计划太激进
But it's too radical for the German High Command,
拒绝了该计划
who reject the plan.
直到1月10日
Until on the 10th of January,
一架德国飞机载着一名军官飞往科隆
a German plane carrying a military officer is flying to Cologne.
这架飞机迫降到了 比利时小镇梅赫伦外的田野中
It crash-lands in a field outside the Belgian town of Mechelen.
机上载有绝密文档
On the plane are top secret documents
记载了希♥特♥勒♥入侵西欧的计划
for Hitler's plan for the invasion of Western Europe.
机密计划现在落入了盟军手中
The secret plans, which are now in the hands of the Allies,
计划显示德国将会从北方 入侵荷兰和比利时
reveal the Germans will invade Holland and Belgium from the north
然后横扫法国
before sweeping into France.
希♥特♥勒♥发现 入侵法国的计划已经暴露之后
Hitler's immediate reaction to discovering the plans for the invasion of France
他的即时反应将会是绝对的愤怒
had been discovered would have been one of absolute fury.
因此 他重新选择了更加冒险的计划
As a result, he went back to what was a much riskier plan
那份一开始就被陆军统帅拒绝的计划
that the, uh, Army commanders had rejected at first,
那就是穿过阿登森林 从最脆弱的位置攻击法国
which is going through the Ardennes Forest and attacking the French at their weakest.
他们转向了更大胆更冒险的计划
They go over to something which is much more audacious, much more risky,
但也绝对为即将到来的战争 奠定了基础
but which absolutely sets the scene for the war that's coming.
1940年5月10日
On the 10th of May, 1940,
德国对西欧出动了军队
the Germans unleash their forces on Western Europe.
盟军的设想是 德军势必会通过比利时进攻
The assumption among the Allies is the attack is bound to come through Belgium,
所以盟军才将他们的精锐力量
and that's why the Allies had put the cream of their forces,
英法两军的精锐都放在了比利时边境
both the French and the British Armies, on the border with Belgium.
看起来主攻方向是要通过低地国家
So the main thrust looks like it's coming through the low countries,
但实际上的主攻方向是通过阿登地区
but in actual fact, the main thrust is going through the Ardennes.
坦白说 法国和英国肯定都认为
And frankly, to the French and the British, they must've seen the Ardennes in particular
阿登地区是坦克和装甲部队 不可通过的障碍
as an impassible object for tanks, for armored columns.
从后勤上来说 你要如何 才能让大军通过那个地区
You know, logistically, how could you really move an army through that location?
德军的高明之处 不仅在于穿过了阿登地区
And what the Germans did very cleverly is not just come through the Ardennes,
也就是偷偷发动突袭
which was the sneak surprise attack,
他们同时也进军了比利时
but they also advanced troops into Belgium itself.
换句话说 他们装作认为盟军 在虚张声势 而盟军也上当了
In other words, they called the, uh, Allies' bluff, and the Allies took the bait.
德军洞穿了看似无法通过的阿登地区
The Germans pummeled through the seemingly impassable Ardennes,
他们使用了一种 在战场上前所未见的战术
using a technique never seen before on the battlefield.
闪电战 使用纯粹的力量突击
Blitzkrieg, a rapid thrust towards an enemy's weak spot
迅速攻击敌军的弱点
using an onslaught of sheer power.
快速坦克 机动步兵
Fast tanks, mobile infantry,
以及压倒性的空中支援
and overwhelming air support.
这是世界历史上 装甲闪电战的
This was the first, you know, real use of, you know, armored blitzkrieg
首次真正实施
in... in world history.
德国人把这叫做Bewegungskrieg 也就是机动战
The Germans called it Bewegungskrieg, the war of movement,
意思就是尽可能快速猛击敌人
meaning you hit him hard as quickly as you can
进行突破
and you just smash through.
歼灭敌人使其无法整合力量
You annihilate the enemy so they can't kind of collect themselves.
这有什么作用这能制♥造♥恐慌
So, what does this do? It creates panic.
闪电战的实质效果是
The material effect of blitzkrieg
让敌军暴露在真正的危险之中
is to open up, uh, an enemy force to a real danger.
而心理效果则是让部分敌军完全混乱
The moral effect is to create complete dislocation on the part of your enemy.
几乎就像是变魔术一样
It's almost like a conjuring trick.
计划的制定者 海因茨·古德里安将军
The architect of the plan, General Heinz Guderian,
带领德军装甲师穿过了阿登地区
leads the German Panzer Divisions through the Ardennes.
古德里安将军有一句非常简单的格言 并且无法翻译成英文
General Guderian had a very simple motto that doesn't translate into English,
但意思基本上就是“出全力”
but it basically means "Use the big guns."
“不要零敲碎打”
"Don't do anything piecemeal."
他很冲动
He was impulsive,
他也是一位伟大的坦克战专家
and he was a great expert on tank warfare.
古德里安和他的装甲师 与纳粹德国空军密切合作
Guderian and his divisions worked closely with the Luftwaffe
突破了阿登地区
to smash through the Ardennes,
跨过了默兹河 压倒了盟军
cross the Meuse River, and overrun the Allies,
只用了几天时间就抵达了法国北部
reaching Northern France in just a matter of days.
德军进军的速度和距离