彩色二战简史：胜利之路（2021）

虽然图卜鲁格的失守 让丘吉尔有些害怕
So while the loss of Tobruk was a bit of a horror show for Churchill,
但他还是说 “听我说 北非很重要
he was also able to say, "Look, North Africa's important, you know."
埃及目前正遭受威胁”
"Egypt's now under threat."
丘吉尔说 “要不你们也来北非吧”
And Churchill says, "Listen, why don't you come in to North Africa."
罗斯福被丘吉尔说服了
And Roosevelt is convinced and persuaded by Churchill.
罗斯福告诉丘吉尔 他的确想把美军派去北非
Roosevelt tells Churchill he does want to send U.S. forces to North Africa.
但当计划被提交给美国♥军♥事首脑时 他们遇到了一个问题
But when the plan is put to American military chiefs, they hit a problem.
美国陆军还没有做好战斗准备
The United States Army isn't battle-ready yet.
而罗斯福的顾问们则非常不确定
And Roosevelt's advisers are very unsure
北非是否是参战的正确地点
if North Africa is the right place to enter combat.
他政♥府♥中有很多人都非常反对
Many in his own government were very, very against it.
关于美国应该怎么做 美国国内进行了激烈的讨论
There was a huge debate in the United States as to what the States should do.
对于美军指挥官们来说
For the American commanders,
这是一场最终会消耗 越来越多资源的垫场杂耍
it's a sideshow that is going to end up consuming more and more resources,
而这很危险
and that is dangerous.
在顾问的压力下
Under pressure from his advisers,
罗斯福告诉丘吉尔 他无法立即承诺出兵北非
Roosevelt tells Churchill he can't commit to North Africa right away.
但他保证为该地区的英军
But he promises fresh consignments of U.S. material and weapons
输送新的美国材料和武器
to British forces in the region.
罗斯福现在对北非许下了承诺
Roosevelt's now commitment to North Africa, he said,
他说 “好的 我们的坦克要去哪里 我们的坦克要去北非”
"Okay, where do our tanks go? Our tanks are gonna go to North Africa."
“如果不能被美军所使用 那就交给英军使用”
"If they can't be used by American troops, they'll be used by British troops."
丘吉尔离开美国时 决心要扭转埃及的战局
Churchill leaves America determined to turn the tide in Egypt
并证明罗斯福总统支持他是正确的
and prove the president is right to support him.
他亲自飞往沙漠
He flies out to the desert in person
并且将他的高级指挥官们撤职
and fires his senior commanders.
他转而招募了伯纳德·蒙哥马利将军
And recruits General Bernard Montgomery instead.
蒙哥马利被告知要制定出 将德军赶回去的计划
Monty is told to come up with a plan to push the Germans back.
蒙哥马利是一个马麦酱般的人物
Montgomery is a kind of Marmite character.
你要么爱他 要么恨他
You either kind of love him or hate him.
他很擅于训练人 很擅于做策划
He's a very good trainer of men. He's a very good planner.
等他们上了战场 就会获胜
When they go into battle, they're going to win.
无趣而且有条不紊
You know, boringly, methodically.
他几乎与隆美尔正好相反
He was the opposite of Rommel.
他并不擅长高速战斗
He was not good when the battle was moving at speed.
他的风格是进行 由他设置好的定点战斗
His style was a set piece battle which he set up.
1942年10月23日
On the 23rd of October, 1942,
蒙哥马利发起了反击
Montgomery launches a counteroffensive.
他选择在夜间攻击
He chooses to attack at night.
但要冲出阿莱曼
But to break out of El Alamein,
他的人马需要在 由50多万枚地雷构成的致命雷区中
his men will need to clear a path through a lethal minefield
清理出一条通道
of over half a million land mines.
-开火 -开火
Fire! -Fire!
-开火
Fire!
彼得·沃森
英军军官
炮弹就掉在你身边
Shells were falling all around about you.
机♥枪♥子弹打得到处都是
Machine-gun bullets were flying all over the place.
虽然月光很明亮
Although the moonlight was bright,
但不可避免地还是有人会踩上绊线
inevitably somebody would activate a trip wire.
暴露且行动缓慢
Exposed and moving slowly,
英军遭受了巨大的伤亡
the British take heavy casualties.
但在接下来几天中
But over the next few days,
他们成功在雷区中 清理出了狭窄的通道
narrow corridors are successfully cleared through the minefield.
由三百辆全新美国坦克构成的铁拳
And now, bursting out of El Alamein onto the battlefield,
现在冲出了阿莱曼 进入了战场
a stunning show of force from President Roosevelt,
一场为罗斯福总统准备的 惊人武力展示上演了
an iron fist of 300 brand-new American tanks.
这的确是罗斯福送给丘吉尔的礼物
It is a gift from Roosevelt to Churchill, really.
这是新伙伴关系的标志
It is a sign of the new partnership.
蒙哥马利第一次拥有了
Montgomery had, for the first time,
一种非常有效的坦克 谢尔曼坦克
he had a really effective tank, the Sherman.
它非常结实 配备有优秀的武器 速度还很快
It was very solid, it had good armament, and it was quite quick.
在美国机械力量的帮助下
Aided by the might of American machinery,
蒙哥马利部队的数量现在超过了德军
Montgomery's forces now outnumber the Germans.
隆美尔的非洲军团猝不及防
Rommel's Afrika Korps are caught off guard,
看起来他们似乎会被吞没和摧毁
and it looks like they could be engulfed and destroyed.
这种关键的机会 趁着隆美尔没有提防
These crucial opportunities where Rommel is prone,
或者说至少是非常脆弱的时候
or at least is very, very vulnerable,
只有几个小时的机会
which are a matter of hours.
你必须在德军最脆弱的时候出击
You know, you've got to strike when the Germans are at their weakest.
这是一次真正的机会 如果蒙哥马利够果断
There was a real opportunity, if Montgomery had been decisive,
其实能够让隆美尔一败涂地
that he could have inflicted a really crushing defeat.
但那不是他的风格
But that wasn't his style.
蒙哥马利不想失去他的凝聚力
What Montgomery doesn't want to do is lose his cohesion.
他有点慢 更加有条不紊
So he... he's a bit slow and a bit more methodical,
他追击的速度不够快
and he doesn't kind of pursue fast enough.
在蒙哥马利犹豫不决时 隆美尔采取了果断行动
While Montgomery dithers, Rommel takes decisive action.
他撤退到了西面1600公里之外的 突尼斯山区
He pulls back to mountainous Tunisia, 1,000 miles to the west,
并且准备反击英军
and prepares to counterstrike the British army.
但“沙漠之狐”应该要留意背后
But the "Desert Fox" should be looking over his shoulder.
在非洲西北海岸之外
Off the northwest coast of Africa,
一支庞大的运输舰队 出现在了海平线上
a vast transport fleet appears on the horizon.
美国即将参战 展开火炬行动
America is about to enter the war with Operation Torch.
这是一幅非常令人印象深刻的景象
It was a very impressive sight.
这是美国首支庞大的战争舰队
This is really the first great American war fleet
现在被派去对抗轴心国
now being sent into action against the Axis.
考虑到这整个舰队 是在两个月内匆匆拼凑而成的
Given the fact that this whole thing was thrown together in two months' time,
我觉得这显示出 美国已经摸到了超级大国状态的边缘
I think demonstrates that... that the U.S. is on the verge of superpower status.
850艘战舰载着十万人
Eight hundred and fifty warships carrying over 100,000 men
在大西洋中部集结
have rendezvoused in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean
然后向北非逼近
and borne down on North Africa.
这是世界上首支大规模两栖入侵部队
The world's first-ever large-scale amphibious invasion force.
这真是非同寻常 特别是在战争的那个阶段
Really, it's extraordinary, particularly at that moment in the war.
很多船是刚刚从造船厂出来的
A lot of the ships are coming fresh out of, um, the shipyard.
很多船员都非常稚嫩
A lot of the crews are incredibly green,
但舰队依然成行了
and yet it still works.
但罗斯福总统在北非参战的决定
But President Roosevelt's decision to join the fight in North Africa
并不容易
has not been easy.
他的指挥官们想在 被纳粹占领的欧洲开战
His commanders wanted to fight the Nazis in occupied Europe,
总统被迫用直接命令否决了他们
and the president has been forced to overrule them with a direct order.
总统是三军统帅
The President is the commander in chief.
而罗斯福不想太快入侵 被纳粹占领的欧洲
And Roosevelt doesn't want to invade Nazi Europe too quickly.
他认为那会太困难
He believes it will be too bloody, too difficult,
可能会造成大量美军伤亡
and you might, you know, end up with mass American casualties.
而入侵北非适合罗斯福
The invasion of North Africa suits Roosevelt,
因为美军能有机会磨合
because the American Army can bed in.
这能给我们提供战斗经验
It will give us combat experience.
我们会汲取教训 因为我们是一支缺乏经验的军队
We will learn the lessons, because we are an inexperienced army.
而其他人都已经打了很多年的仗
Everyone else has been at war for many years.
而温斯顿·丘吉尔则给了罗斯福一次
And Winston Churchill has sold Roosevelt a major advantage
让他的部队初次见血的好机会
for blooding his troops in North Africa.
美军两栖登陆部队
The American amphibious assault can make landfall,
不必在轴心国区域登陆
not in Axis territory,
而可以选择在法国控制的殖民地
but in Algeria and Morocco,
阿尔及利亚和摩洛哥登陆
colonies controlled by the French.
我们认为法国人会张开双臂 像对待解放者一般欢迎我们
The belief is that the French will welcome us with open arms as liberators.
毕竟希♥特♥勒♥入侵了他们的国家
Hitler has invaded their country
然后又扶植了维希法国这个傀儡政♥府♥
and then created this puppet government as Vichy, France.
如果你是法国人 你不想摆脱这些吗
And you know, who, if you're French, would not want to get rid of this?
美国与法国之间
There's such a... a long-standing history
友谊源远流长
of friendship between the U.S. and France,
也曾并肩作战
fighting alongside one another.
罗斯福总统通过殖民地电台
President Roosevelt beams a speech in French
用法语发表了演讲 向美国的老朋友致意
over colonial radio to greet America's old friends.
罗斯福总统
我的朋友们
My friends,
永恒的法国万岁
long live eternal France!
11月8日清晨
On the morning of the 8th of November,
美国登陆的第一阶段开始了
the first stage of the U.S. landings begins.
一支400多人的美军小部队
A small force of just over 400 American troops
搭乘两艘英国皇家海军舰艇
in two British Royal Navy ships
准备和平接管阿尔及利亚瓦赫兰港