彩色二战简史：胜利之路（2021）

In breach of his own armistice, he now occupies France in its entirety.
希♥特♥勒♥准备在法国迎战
Hitler prepares to make France the battleground
即将入侵的盟军
for the impending Allied invasion.
巴黎的抵抗组织热切关注着 自♥由♥法国♥军♥队的进展
Resistance groups in Paris eagerly follow the progress of the Free French Army.
一位名叫让·穆兰的 左翼抵抗运动领袖
A left-wing Resistance leader called Jean Moulin
非常受激励 他冒着生命危险
is so inspired, he's risked his life
前往伦敦和戴高乐见面
traveling to London to meet with De Gaulle.
让·穆兰是真正最迷人的人物之一
Jean Moulin is one of the, really, most intriguing figures.
他不与纳粹合作
He would not cooperate with the Nazis.
他们逮捕了他 折磨了他
They arrested him, they tortured him.
他为了不泄露任何秘密
He tried to kill himself, rather than reveal any secrets that he knew,
试图用一片碎玻璃自杀
with a shard of glass.
所以在让·穆兰之后的照片中 你会看到他用围巾遮住脖子
Later, photographs of Moulin, you'll see him with a scarf wrapped around his neck
从而遮住会泄露身份的伤疤 让德国人不知道他是谁
in order to hide those telltale scars so the Germans wouldn't know who he was.
穆兰告诉戴高乐 巴黎的抵抗组织正在发展
Moulin tells De Gaulle Resistance groups are growing in Paris,
但他们需要武器才能对抗德军
but they need weapons before they can take on the Germans.
戴高乐同意提供帮助
De Gaulle agrees to help,
但条件是穆兰整合好抵抗运动
but on the condition that Moulin unifies the Resistance
说服他们接受戴高乐的领导
and persuades it to accept De Gaulle as their leader.
然后他跳伞回到法国 他的任务是
He's then parachuted back into France, and it is his job
尝试协调好一切
to try and coordinate everything.
他可以说 “我跟伦敦有联♥系♥
He was able to say, "Well, I've got this link with London,
我跟戴高乐有联♥系♥”
I've got this link with De Gaulle."
“我们也可以为你们提供武器”
"We can also supply you with weapons."
这也是让这些不同组织都加入
So that was also really key to bringing these different groups, uh, onboard
并且接受戴高乐领导的真正关键
and to them accepting De Gaulle's leadership.
因为让·穆兰有这种影响力
Because Jean Moulin has that force of personality,
有这种魅力和领导力
he has that charisma, he has that leadership
来说服大家
to persuade people.
他是一位非常聪明 杰出且勇敢的人
He was a very, very intelligent, brilliant, and brave man.
1942年 维希政♥府♥ 极其不受欢迎的新倡议 救济计划
In June 1942, Jean Moulin's efforts are given a helping hand
反而推动了让·穆兰的努力
by a deeply unpopular new Vichy initiative, the relève scheme.
救济计划
The relève scheme…
也就是让特定年龄的法国男性
And this is whereby French men of a certain age are
基本上是被迫前往德国工作
basically forced to go and work in Germany as... as workers,
这被美化成了一个令人愉快的好主意
and it's sort of painted as a sort of jolly good idea.
在希♥特♥勒♥许诺将会 释放法国战俘作为回报之后
After Hitler promises to release French prisoners of war in return,
维希政♥府♥派出了60多万法国男性
Vichy sends over 600,000 Frenchmen
前往纳粹德国工作
to work in Nazi Germany.
但希♥特♥勒♥没有遵守自己的诺言
But Hitler doesn't keep his side of the bargain,
大部分战俘都没有被释放
and most prisoners are never released.
所有人都完全看穿了这一切
And everyone completely sees it for what it is,
基本上就是德国人 欺骗法国人进行强迫劳动
which is basically Germans screwing French for forced labor.
维希政♥府♥愿意派遣
The fact that the Vichy government was willing
成千上万的法国工人
to send so many thousands of French workers
去支持德国的战争行为这一事实
to support the German war effort,
在很多人看来 这似乎算是显示出了
to many people, seemed like a kind of revelation
维希政♥府♥其实并没有 把他们的利益放在心上
that actually the Vichy government didn't have their interests at heart
而是一心要为德国人服务
and was really working for the Germans all along.
这项不受欢迎的计划 促使更多年轻的巴黎人
The unpopular scheme results in even more young Parisians
加入抵抗运动
joining the Resistance.
如果你想逃避救济计划得要怎么做
If you want to avoid the relève scheme, what do you do?
那就变成逃犯 逃进山里
Become an outlaw, run to the hills.
我们要想要战斗 我们不想再忍♥受纳粹了
"We wanna take the fight. We don't want to have the Nazis anymore."
所以你能看到抵抗运动
And so you can see how the Resistance movement
是如何真正开始积聚动力的
starts to really, really gather momentum.
但就在抵抗运动的人力不断壮大时
But just as the Resistance grows in man power,
让·穆兰被盖世太保识破
it suffers a heavy blow to morale
运动的士气遭到了沉重打击
when Jean Moulin has his cover blown to the Gestapo.
“里昂屠夫” “克劳斯”·巴比 审问了穆兰好几周
"Klaus" Barbie, the "Butcher of Lyon", interrogated Moulin for weeks
使他遭受了最为残忍♥的折磨
and subjected him to the most brutal torture,
以致于他最终伤重不治
so bad that he eventually died of his injuries.
穆兰被害震撼了整个巴黎
Moulin's murder sends shock waves throughout Paris.
失去让·穆兰 对抵抗运动来说肯定是个打击
The loss of Jean Moulin is definitely a blow to the Resistance.
但让·穆兰打下的基础已经足够牢固
But the foundations that Jean Moulin has laid are firm enough
抵抗运动能够 以一种更有凝聚力的方式持续下去
that a more cohesive approach to Resistance can kind of continue
哪怕他已经不在了
even though he's gone.
穆兰没能等到 抵抗运动一直在等待的事件
Moulin dies before the event the Resistance has been waiting for,
1944年6月6日的盟军诺曼底登陆
the Allied invasion of Normandy on the 6th of June, 1944.
D日绝对是希♥特♥勒♥最可怕的噩梦
D-Day is Hitler's absolute worst nightmare.
在过去四年的战争中 他一直设法让盟军无法靠近
He's managed to keep the Allies at bay for four years of the war now,
而突然之间他们就在穿越法国内陆
and suddenly they're working their way through the interior of France,
前往他王冠上的明珠
heading towards his jewel in the crown,
他的巴黎战场
his battleground of Paris.
登陆 当然…
The landings, of course…
这无疑给了我们希望
this gave us hope, for sure.
希♥特♥勒♥担心盟军登陆 会在法国首都引起叛乱
Hitler fears the Allied landings will trigger a revolt in the French capital.
他命令德军激烈镇♥压♥
He orders the German forces to violently clamp down
哪怕是最微小的抵抗运动迹象
on even the smallest sign of Resistance activity.
德军开始恐慌
The Germans are starting to panic,
而恐慌的效应之一 就是他们实际上施加了更大的压力
and one of the effects of panic is that they actually turn the screw harder.
他们制定了一项集体报复的政策
And they have a policy of collective reprisals.
如果他们找到所谓的恐♥怖♥分♥子♥
So if they find what they call the terrorist,
他们会放过妇女和儿童 但他们会把被认为负有责任的男性
they spare the women and the children, but they will round up the men,
都围捕起来并且枪杀
who are seen to be responsible, and shoot them.
我可以向你保证 发生过屠♥杀♥
I can assure you there were massacres.
他们毫不留情
They were without mercy.
在巴黎有35位年轻人被枪杀
Thirty-five youths were shot in Paris.
他们如此可恨 如此无情
They were so hateful… merciless.
如此无情
Merciless.
希♥特♥勒♥也对巴黎施加了更大的压力
Hitler turns the screw even harder on Paris
他将法国首都作为
by making the capital a frontline city
德军抵抗盟军的前线城市
in Germany's defense against the Allies.
因为巴黎作为法国首都 所具备的战略重要性 对希♥特♥勒♥来说
Paris takes on a new significance for Hitler because of its strategic importance
具有了新的意义
as the capital of France.
如果他能够守住巴黎
And if he can just keep hold of Paris,
他相信自己就能 继续控制被占领的法国
he believes he can keep control over occupied France.
这是他对法国人实施的 最后一次报复大行动
This is his last big act of revenge against the French.
无论如何巴黎都不能被夺走
Under no circumstances is Paris to be taken.
不能让他们夺走 能被夺走的只能是残垣断壁
They're not gonna have it. If they do, they'll have a broken city.
但希♥特♥勒♥在巴黎的最高统帅部
But Hitler's High Command in Paris
认为他们的领袖 已经失去了对战争的控制
think their leader has lost his grip on the war
并且密谋背叛他
and are privately turning against him.
1944年7月20日
On the 20th of July, 1944,
他们实施了女武神行动 试图炸死他
they attempt to blow him up in Operation Valkyrie.
但希♥特♥勒♥奇迹般地躲过了爆♥炸♥ 只受了轻伤
But miraculously, Hitler escapes the blast with minor injuries.
但对希♥特♥勒♥来说 情势已经逆转
The tide has really turned for Hitler.
他自己的领袖们密谋背叛他 并且试图杀死他
And his own leaders have just conspired against him, and they've tried to kill him.
参与者的下场相当可怕
The consequences for those involved were really quite horrific.
他们被枪杀 被绞死 被折磨
They were shot, they were hanged, they were tortured.
当希♥特♥勒♥剔除了 背叛他的巴黎司令部之后
After Hitler culls his treacherous Paris command,
他又获得了一次报复法国人
he has another opportunity for revenge against the French
以及他们荣耀首都的机会
and their glorious capital.
他指派臭名昭著的 迪特里希·冯·肖尔蒂茨将军
He appoints the infamous General Dietrich von Choltitz
担任巴黎的新司令
as the new commander of the city.
让巴黎胆寒的是 肖尔蒂茨拥有一套特殊技能
Chillingly for Paris, Choltitz has a particular set of skills.
迪特里希·冯·肖尔蒂茨在德军内部 有着“城市粉碎者”的名声
Dietrich von Choltitz has a reputation inside the German Army as the so-called "smasher of cities."
他对战争早期鹿特丹的毁灭
He had been responsible for the destruction of Rotterdam
负有责任
early in the war.
他还对塞瓦斯托波尔的毁灭 负有责任
And he was responsible for the destruction of Sevastopol.
这项前往巴黎的任命 的确让人不寒而栗
His appointment to Paris does send this shiver down people's spines.
希♥特♥勒♥命令肖尔蒂茨 防止巴黎落入盟军手中
Hitler orders Choltitz to stop Paris falling into Allied hands,
哪怕这意味着要摧毁这座伟大的城市
even if that means destroying the great city
及其所有文化宝藏
and all its cultural treasures.
希♥特♥勒♥告诉肖尔蒂茨 如果他守不住巴黎
Hitler tells Choltitz that if he can't keep Paris as it is,
就必须完全彻底地摧毁巴黎
then it must be completely and utterly destroyed,
而巴黎人必须要屈服
and the Parisians should be left on their knees.
多疑的元首想出了一个新办法
The paranoid Führer comes up with a new way
来确保肖尔蒂茨会执行他的毁灭计划
to make sure Choltitz carries out his destructive plan.
希♥特♥勒♥的问题之一
So one of the issues for Hitler is,
就是要如何确保这些人 这些将军能够被信任