与摩根·弗里曼一起穿越虫洞（2010）

Through The Wormhole With Morgan Freeman S02E01

Part 6 April 19, 2021, 2:34 p.m.

and the brain responds.
那些电极接到计算机上
Those electrodes are connected to a computer
计算机连上一架机器人
that's wired up to a robot body,
结果形成了新的生命
resulting in a new form of life.
这是海伯特
This is hybrot --
由活脑组织控制的机器人
a robot controlled by living brain tissue.
其大脑在冰柜里
Its brains are in a refrigerator,
不过你在计算机屏幕上能看到其神经元的反应
but you can see its neurons react on the computer screen
同时其身体在实验台上寻找出路
as its body finds its way around the lab bench.
和任何动物一样
Like any animal,
海伯特在从中体验和学习
the hybrot has experiences and learns from them.
在这里是如何定位其环境的呢
In this case, how to navigate its environment.
那么问题在于海伯特能够有意识么？
So, the question is, could a hybrot ever become conscious?
我们能否得到培养成联网的意识
Whether or not we could ever get to conscious cultured networks
这个问题要我说我们已经有个答案——可以
is a question which I would say we've already answered "yes."
我们看到培养皿
We have culture dishes
不断接收到环境输入的信息
that are receiving inputs from the environment.
它们以复杂的方式来应对它们
They're responding to them in complicated ways.
所以它们有自己的环境意识
So they're conscious of their environment
某些非常初步的方式
in some very rudimentary fashion.
或许对于较为复杂的互动
Perhaps with more complicated interactions
存在于不同脑组织之间的
between different brain tissues
以及计算机与脑组织之间的
and between the computer and the brain tissues,
我们所得到的东西人们会说
we could get to something that people would say
是高水平的认知更像是人的意识
is a high-level cognition, more like human consciousness.
但要是有朝一日海伯特或计算机被唤醒
But if one day a hybrot or a computer wakes up
意识到它是什么它是谁
and realizes what and who it is,
要是有灵魂从那些导线里冒出来
if a soul emerges from those wires,
我们如何知道呢？
how would we know?
我们得全靠对话了
We'll have to rely on conversation.
我们不妨询问人造大脑你有意识么？
If we asked the artificial brain, "are you conscious?"
它说服我们说它有
And it persuades us that it is,
那我们就只好采信它了
we'll just have to take its word.
不过同样的事情在我们与别人交流时也会碰到
But the same thing applies when we talk to other humans.
我们其实并不知道别人是否有意识
We don't actually know that other people are conscious.
他们没准只是行尸走肉而已说着人话
They might just be zombies who are saying the right thing
但却没有亲身主观的经历
but having no private, subjective experience.
我现在就可以将某些人工智能
I can put some sort of an artificial intelligence
放到计算机里去
into a computer right now
代表我可能会做出的某种决定
that represents the kind of decisions I might make
某种意义上它具有了我的某种意识
and has, in some sense, some of my consciousness in it.
所以那是不难做到的
So that's not hard to do.
但是要得到的东西是我们所说的
But to get something that we would say
是我的意识足够好的副本
is a good enough copy of my consciousness
并且若是将它放入别人的体内
that if it were put back in somebody else's body,
人们就会误认为它就是我
people would be fooled into thinking it was me --
这种事情我们甚至还没有头绪
this is something we haven't even the first clue
究竟如何以一种详细的方法去做到
of how to do it in any kind of a detailed way.
打造我们灵魂的人造家园
Building artificial homes for our souls
或许还要等上好长时间
may be a long time coming,
那么在此期间我们要做些什么呢？
so what do we do in the meantime?
原来搭载我们身后灵魂的理想载体
Turns out the ideal vessels
原来搭载我们身后灵魂的理想载体
to carry souls after the death of the body
可能已经存在
may already exist.
有可能就在你的身旁
One could be sitting right next to you.
尽管我们有先进的技术
Despite our advanced technology,
但生命之谜的破解看似依然遥遥无期
the riddle of life still seems a long way from being solved --
这个…是这回事么？
or...Is it?
印第安纳州布卢明顿
In Bloomington, Indiana,
道格拉斯·霍夫斯塔德称这全在于视角
Douglas Hofstadter says it's all a matter of perspective.
他认为意识是大脑以奇妙的方式汇集信息
He believes consciousness is the inevitable result
他认为意识是大脑以奇妙的方式汇集信息
of the strange and wonderful way
形成思维模式的必然结果
the brain joins information together
形成思维模式的必然结果
into patterns of thought.
形成我们的思维模式
And the patterns of thought that form us
并非我们的独享
are not unique to us.
我们全都好奇地拼凑着
We are all curious collages
我们打过交道的旁人
of everyone we've ever been influenced by,
不管是生是死
living or dead.
你灵魂的模式
The pattern of your soul
是你自己头脑里最强最复杂的
is the strongest and most complex in your own brain,
但它能够传递给其它大脑
but it can be passed on to other brains.
这是肖邦的练习曲
This is a book of Chopin études.
这些白纸黑符
These black splotches on white paper
捕捉到了肖邦情感中
capture some very, very central pieces
最核心的部分
of Chopin's emotionality --
他的高♥潮♥他的低潮
his highs, his lows,
他的成就感
his sense of triumph,
他的挫折感痛苦感
his sense of resignation or anguish.
凡此种种就是流露出来的他的情感构成
Anything that was part of his emotional makeup comes through,
让别的人类深入洞察的东西
and one gets a very deep glimpse of another human being.
或许在此人正式从地球表面消失150、160年后
Perhaps 150, 160 years after that person
或许在此人正式从地球表面消失150、160年后
has officially vanished from the surface of the earth,
他们的一些灵魂依然存在
something of their soul persists
侵袭着无数其他人的思想和大脑
and invades the minds and brains of millions of other people.
这是一种死后的生命形式
This is a form of life after death
我们都要经历的
that we all experience,
尽管我们可能无法识别它是什么
though we may not recognize it for what it is.
就是一个巨大的个人悲剧让霍夫斯塔德看到这个的
It took a great personal tragedy for Hofstadter to see this --
他太太卡罗尔的去世
the death of his wife, Carol.
我们过去生活在意大利
We were in Italy,
很突然发现了脑肿瘤
and it was a very sudden discovery of a brain tumor.
我们发现她患上了脑肿瘤时
And we found out that she had a brain tumor
是在12月11日
on the 11th of December,
到12月12日晚间
and on the 12th of December, in the evening,
她陷入了昏迷
she fell into a coma.
一切非常非常块
So it was very, very, very fast.
当时我一直以来打交道
When somebody that I have been entangled with
如此长如此深的人
for so long and so deeply
突然之间撒手人寰
is suddenly poofed out of existence,
于是我不得不你知道面对的问题就是
I then had to, you know, confront the question
究竟有无幸存下来的东西
of what, if anything, survived
以及在哪里总之
and where, if at all,
人的灵魂能够移植
can a human soul be transplanted,
从一个大脑移至另一个大脑么？
uprooted from one brain to another brain?
我的答案就必须是
And my answer would have to be,
在一个极其有限的意义上说可以
in a very limited sense, yes.
就卡罗尔存在于我内心而言
The degree to which Carol exists inside me --
那是个简装版的她
it's a much stripped-down version of her.
那是简陋版粗糙的
It's a crude version. It's coarse-grained.
仿佛就是一件镶嵌作品
It's as if one had a mosaic done
用了很小很小的精美石子
in very, very small, fine stones --
上百万颗
a million of them.
然后它被毁了
And then it was a destroyed,
但是有人在其被毁之前
but somebody, before it was destroyed,
已经复♥制♥了它只是用了1000块石头
had made a copy of it but only using 1,000 stones.
因此这1000块石头
And so the 1,000 stones
仍然具有同样的颜色同样的布置
still have the same colors and the same kind of arrangement,
但要粗糙很多不同的介质
but much more coarse-grained, in a different medium,
不同的石头
in different stones.
原版的已经毁了
The original has been destroyed,
但副本以粗糙的版本幸存了下来
but the copy exists in a coarse-grained version.
因而我们还在
And so, we live on.
我们灵魂的片段存活在
A piece of our soul survives
我们曾经接触过的每一个人心里
in everyone we have ever encountered.
那个灵魂碎片
That soul fragment
最强烈最被认可
is the strongest, most recognizable
存在于爱我们的人心里
in the people who loved us.
这种死后之生是我们都能涉及到的
This form of life after death is one we can all relate to,
无论我们信仰什么
whatever our religion.
但有木有灵魂别的安身之地呢？