英国铁路纪行（2010）

Great British Railway Journeys S01E11

Part 1 Aug. 24, 2025, 4:25 p.m.

1840年，一个人改变了英国的旅行方式。
In 1840, one man transformed travel in Britain.
他叫乔治·布拉德肖，他的铁路指南
His name was George Bradshaw and his railway guides
激发了维多利亚时代人们的铁路旅行热情。
inspired the Victorians to take to the tracks
他逐站告诉他们去哪里旅行、看什么以及住在哪里。
Stop by stop, he told them where to travel, what to see and where to stay.
170年后的今天，我将进行四次长途旅行
Now 170 years later, I'm making four long journeys
穿越这个国家的各个角落
across the length and breadth of the country
看看布拉德肖的英国还剩下什么。
to see what remains of Bradshaw's Britain.
从小时候起，我就觉得坐火车旅行
Ever since I was a kid, I've found it exciting
非常令人兴奋，无论是高速铁路的飞驰
to travel by train, whether rattling along high-speed lines
还是单轨铁路的悠闲前行，
or pottering along single tracks,
铁路旅行总是有种特别的魅力。
there's something very special about a railway journey.
现在，我正跟随布拉德肖19世纪的铁路指南
Now I'm following Bradshaw's 19th-century guide to the railways
去了解铁路如何改变了英国
to find out how much the railways changed Britain
以及自那以后英国发生了多大的变化。
and how much Britain has changed since.
今天，我将探索免费的铁路旅行。
Today I'll be finding out about free rail trips.
整个小镇的人同时去度假。几乎是的。
The whole town was going on holiday at the same time. Virtually, yes.
几乎是的。整个小镇几乎都停滞了。
Virtually, yes. Virtually the whole town was coming to a standstill.
我将在巴斯体验温泉。
'I'll be sampling the spa in Bath.'
有什么礼仪吗？
What is the etiquette?
一种沉浸式的礼仪。
A sort of wallowing etiquette.
沉浸。这些非常适合沉浸。是吗？我可以想象各种……
Wallowing. These are great for wallowing. Yeah? I could think of various...
你可以用这些东西给别人狠狠一击。
You could deliver a nasty blow to someone with one of those.
我还将尝试吹制玻璃。
And I'll be trying my hand at glass blowing.
非常非常印象深刻。说实话，我真的非常佩服。
Very, very impressed. I've got to be honest, I really am truly impressed.
这整个星期，我都在跟随我的布拉德肖指南
All this week, I'm following my Bradshaw's Guide to
沿着大西部铁路探索西南地区。
the West Country along the Great Western Railway.
这条铁路绵延300多英里，
Stretching over 300 miles,
是英格兰最早的客运线路之一，
this was one of the earliest passenger routes in England,
由伟大的维多利亚工程师伊桑巴德·金德姆·布鲁内尔建造。
created by the great Victorian engineer, Isambard Kingdom Brunel.
它将带我穿越德文郡和康沃尔郡，
It will take me through Devon and Cornwall
到达终点站彭赞斯。
to the end of the line at Penzance.
从斯温登出发，
Starting in Swindon,
今天我将覆盖前40英里，途经巴斯到达布里斯托尔。
today I'll cover the first 40 miles through Bath to Bristol.
这条线路被称为“假日线路”，
This route was nicknamed the holiday line
因为这是第一次有大量的人能够负担得起火车旅行。
because, for the first time, large numbers of people could afford to travel by train.
如今大多数人认为
Most people today take it for granted that
他们会在某个时候去远离家乡的地方度假，
they will get a holiday away from home at some time,
但在铁路出现之前，大多数人做梦都不敢想。
but, before the railways, most people couldn't have dreamt of that.
当人们突然能够去海边度假时，
The change that occurred in Britain
英国发生的变化
when suddenly people could take a seaside holiday
一定与我们时代的包价度假革命非常相似。
must have been quite similar to the package holiday revolution in our own time.
如今，人们可以去西班牙或泰国。
Nowadays, people can go to Spain or they can go to Thailand.
但在那时，能够去德文郡和康沃尔郡……
But in those days, to be able to go to Devon and Cornwall...
它真的改变了人们的生活。
It really changed people's lives.
这里是斯温登。
This is Swindon.
在布拉德肖的时代，斯温登是大西部铁路的总部，
In Bradshaw's day, Swindon was the headquarters of the Great Western Railway,
该铁路在镇上庞大的车间里建造了所有的机车。
which built all its locomotives in the town's colossal workshops.
布拉德肖将其描述为：
Bradshaw described it as,
“当今时代铁路企业非凡的产物之一。
"One of the extraordinary products of railway enterprise of the present age.
“这是一个工程师和手艺人的聚居地。”
"It's a colony of engineers and handicraft men."
这些显然是旧的铁路工厂。
These clearly are the old railway works.
布拉德肖对它们感到敬畏，它们太庞大了。
Bradshaw was awestruck by them, they were so vast.
我想它们可能比原来小了一些，
I think they're probably a bit smaller than they were,
但即便如此，它们仍然令人印象深刻。
but even so, they are pretty impressive.
这里是大西部铁路的中心，
This was the hub of the Great Western Railway
他们吸引了来自英国各地的技术工人
and they attracted skilled people from all over Britain
为大西部铁路建造和维护机车。
to build and maintain the engines for the Great Western Railway.
难怪布拉德肖为之倾倒。
No wonder Bradshaw was bowled over.
斯温登的每个人似乎都知道这些工厂。
Everyone in Swindon seems to know about the works.
你好吗？
How are you?
很高兴见到你。很高兴见到你。我在电视上看过你。
Nice to see you. Nice to see you. I watch you on the TV.
非常感谢。我们在这里做一些关于铁路的事情。
Thank you very much. Here we are doing something about the railways.
哦，是吗？斯温登是个铁路小镇吗？
Oh, right. Is Swindon a railway town?
当然是。这里曾经是工厂。是的，我知道。
It certainly is. This used to be the works. Yes, I know.
大部分已经消失了，是吗？
Quite a lot of it has gone, is that right?
是的。
Yes.
你们的政♥府♥，玛格丽特·撒切尔，关闭了大部分。
Your government, Margaret Thatcher, closed most of it.
你不住在这里吧？我不住。
You don't live in one of these, do you? I don't.
这是为铁路工人建造的现代村庄。
This is the modern village that was built for the railway workers.
“大西部铁路公♥司♥是一个先驱雇主，
'The Great Western Railway Company was a pioneering employer
“它需要成千上万的工人，所以为他们建造了房♥屋。”
'and it needed thousands of workers, so it built them houses.'
这个村庄看起来仍然很好。
The village does still look very good.
这边看起来很破旧，但那边看起来仍然不错。
This side looks pretty derelict but that side still looks pretty good.
这里曾经有各种车间，但我想大部分已经关闭了。
There used to be various workshops but I think most of them have shut.
我不知道现在是谁在出租。
I don't know who rents it out any more.
我要四处转转看看。
I'm going to potter about and have a look at it all.
期待在电视上看到你。
I look forward to seeing you on the telly.
很高兴见到你。非常高兴见到你。再见。
Nice to meet you. Very nice to see you. Goodbye.
“除了体面的房♥子，工人们还有其他福利。
'As well as decent houses, there were other perks for the workers.
“1848年，大西部铁路开始每年7月为员工运行免费火车
'In 1848, the Great Western Railway began to run free trains every July
“让他们去度假。
'for their employees to go on holiday.
“这被称为‘旅行’。”
'It became known as Trip.'
罗恩和玛丽是谁？你好。嗨，玛丽。
Who are Ron and Mary? Hello. Hi, Mary.
“朋友罗恩和玛丽乘坐那些火车
'Friends Ron and Mary travelled on those trains
“几乎每年夏天都去佩恩顿，持续了50年。”
to Paignton almost every summer for 50 years.'
什么是“旅行”？
What was Trip?
一次在海边的美妙假期。
A glorious holiday at the seaside.
铁路工厂的年度假期。
The railway works' annual holidays.
他们会关闭……
They'd close...
然后就是为去海边度假做准备。
and it was all the build-up for going away on holiday to the seaside.
整个小镇的人同时去度假？几乎是的。
A whole town was going on holiday at the same time? Virtually, yes.
几乎是的。整个小镇几乎都停滞了。
Virtually, yes. Virtually the whole town was coming to a standstill.
铁路工人坐这些火车要付多少钱？不用。我们免费旅行。
What did the railway workers pay to go on these trains? Nothing. We had free travel.
“罗恩和玛丽以及他们的大部分家人都为铁路工作。
'Ron and Mary and most of their families worked for the railways.
“到1900年，斯温登工厂雇用了镇上四分之三的人口。
'By 1900, the Swindon works employed three quarters of the town's population.
“很快，每年有近3万人乘坐‘旅行’火车
'Soon, almost 30,000 people were taking Trip trains every year
“前往西南部的各个度假胜地。”
'to resorts all over the South West.'
你们为“旅行”穿得很正式吗？哦，是的。
Were you dressed up in smart clothing for the Trip? Oh, yes.
你必须看起来最好。
You had to look your best.
即使你去海滩，
Even though you were going down to the beach, the
海滩小屋，你仍然要穿得像周日一样正式。
beach hut, you still had to be dressed Sunday best.
告诉我那时候坐火车是什么感觉
Just tell me what it's like to travel in a train in those days
前面有个蒸汽机车——那是什么感觉？
with a steam engine up the front - what was that like?
哦，太棒了。太棒了。蒸汽机车非常友好。
Oh, lovely. Lovely. They are so friendly, steam engines.
咔嗒咔嗒，咔嗒咔嗒。因为现在……总是有一种节奏。
Ch-ch-ch-ch, ch-ch-ch-ch. Rattling away, because now... There was always a tune.
烟从窗户进来？
Smoke coming in the windows?
哦，是的。砂砾、灰尘和烟。
Oh, yes. Grit, dirt and smoke.
在短短几十年内，
Within a few decades,
铁路将安静的海滨村庄变成了繁忙的度假胜地。
the railways had turned quiet coastal villages into bustling holiday destinations.
度假胜地是什么样子的？太棒了。我们有相同的海滩小屋。
What was the resort like? Wonderful. We had the same beach huts.
海滩小屋彼此相邻。
Beach huts next to one another.
我们会在她父亲生日和我母亲生日时装饰它。
We'd decorate it when it was her father's birthday and when it was my mother's.
总是一周吗？有时后来是两周，但
Always a week? Sometimes a fortnight later on but
以前我们没有带薪假期，
previously we didn't get paid for any holidays,
直到战后才有。
not until after the war.
当他们从“旅行”回来时，他们称之为“干旱周”，
When they came back from Trip they used to call it the dry week,
因为他们没有工资，不能喝酒。
because they had no pay, they couldn't drink.
离开一周意味着
The fact that you'd been away for a week meant the
接下来的一周没有工资。是的，没钱。
following week wasn't paid. That's right, no money.
总的来说，为铁路工作是一件好事，你觉得呢？哦，是的。哦，是的。
Overall, working for the railway was a good thing, do you think? Oh, yes. Oh, yes.
如果你去世了，他们会为你举♥行♥葬礼。全套服务。
If you died, they'd take you away for your funeral. A full service.
他们总是说从摇篮到坟墓，不是吗，罗恩？
They always used to say from the cradle to the grave, didn't they, Ron?
出生、死亡和婚姻。一切。
Births, deaths and marriages. Everything.
很高兴和你聊天。
It's been great talking to you.
非常感谢。谢谢。
Thank you very much. Thank you.
铁路让工人们能够去海边度假。
The railways enabled the workers to go on holiday to the coast.
它们还帮助普通维多利亚时代的人成为游客，
They also helped ordinary Victorians to become tourists
去那些以前只有富人才能去的地方。
in places previously accessible only to the rich.
其中一个景点在35英里外。
One of those attractions is 35 miles away.
下一站，巴斯。
Next stop, Bath.