英国铁路纪行（2010）

还能预防坏血病。
And it stopped you getting scurvy.
利物浦人怎么说"祝你好胃口"？
What do you say for "bon appetit" in Liverpool?
呃，"吃好喝好，伙计"。
Er, "'ave a good scran, la'".
吃好喝好，伙计。
'Ave a good scran, la'.
觉得如何？我觉得很棒。
What do you think? I think it's very good.
牛肉撕成细丝后赋予了这道菜...
The beef has been shredded so that it just gives it a kind of real...
独特的纤维质感对吧？没错。
kind of lovely stringy texture, doesn't it? Yeah.
但最棒的还是这碗地道的利物浦炖菜。
Yeah. But you can't beat a good, solid bowl of scouse.
就像我说的，它包罗万象。
And as I say, it's got everything in it.
所以这道菜堪称利物浦口音的完美隐喻。
So, it's a very, very good metaphor for the accent.
确实如此。
Yes. Absolutely.
看来利物浦的招牌菜源自挪威。
So, Liverpool's signature dish comes from Norway.
似乎利物浦的一切都源自他处。
It seems everything in Liverpool originates somewhere else.
大家好，很高兴见到你们。
Hello, guys. Nice to see you all.
都是利物浦人吗？是的。
Are you all from Liverpool? Yeah.
喜欢这座城市吗？爱死了。
Do you like the city? Love the city.
最爱哪一点？多元文化。没错。
What do you love about it? The way it's so diverse. Yes.
每个利物浦人祖上
I like that. Everyone who's born in Liverpool is either
不是爱尔兰就是苏格兰或威尔士血统，堪称大熔炉。
of Irish, Scottish or Welsh descent, and they say that it's a combination.
我奶奶就是爱尔兰人。你们对家乡的
Like, our nan's Irish. It's lovely to see you so
热情真让人感动。非常感谢。
enthusiastic about your city. Thank you so much.
好的，谢谢。再见！
All right. Thank you. Bye, now!
你觉得这座城市怎么样？太棒了。
What do you think of the city? The city's great.
很棒？喜欢这里？当然。
Great? You like the city? Oh, yeah.
发展得越来越好了？是啊。
Is it getting better? Yeah, yeah.
大量资金涌入。
Lots of money coming in.
无与伦比。
Can't beat it.
布拉德肖时代的利物浦同样资金充裕。
There was a lot of money coming in in Bradshaw's time too.
这里发展成为棉花贸易最重要的港口，
Liverpool grew into the most important port for the cotton trade,
每年有两百万包棉花经此转运。
with two million bales passing through the docks every year
默西河对岸的威勒尔还有一处
Across the Mersey, on the Wirral, there's another place Bradshaw
布拉德肖提及的景点令我神往...
talks about that I'm keen to see...
伯肯黑德公园。
..Birkenhead Park.
布拉德肖对伯肯黑德公园评价有些矛盾。
Bradshaw's a little bit iffy about Birkenhead Park.
他说这并非最大规模的公园。
He says it's not one of the largest.
但接着又称赞其作为典范，
But then he goes on and says but as a model,
堪称"英格兰最精美的公园之一"。
it's "owned to be one of the finest in England".
这里确实成为了典范，因为设计者
And it did turn out to be a model, because it was designed by
约瑟夫·帕克斯顿爵士的作品后来启发了
Sir Joseph Paxton and then an American, called FL Olmsted, came over.
美国设计师奥姆斯特德，由此诞生了纽约中♥央♥公园。
And he was inspired by this and designed Central Park in New York City.
错落的湖泊、嶙峋的假山与参天树木，
And with these beautiful lakes and with these rocks piled high and the trees raised up,
确有中♥央♥公园的神韵。
it does have the feel of Central Park.
想象那些从利物浦、伯肯黑德
And so you like to think of all those people leaving Liverpool,
远渡重洋的人们，在纽约
Birkenhead, going across to New York City and
竟能邂逅熟悉的景致。
finding something very familiar at the other side.
早上好。早上好，你好吗？
Morning. Morning. How are you?
1850年代，每年上千艘船从利物浦
In the 1850s, up to a thousand ships a year were leaving Liverpool
驶向美洲，许多载着逃离马铃薯饥荒的爱尔兰难民。
for America, many carrying Irish refugees fleeing the potato famine.
火车将英国各地的人们送至利物浦登船移♥民♥。
The trains brought people from all over Britain to Liverpool to board the emigrant ships.
19世纪末，途经利物浦的最大难民群体之一
In the late nineteenth century, one of the largest groups of refugees
是像梅尔文·金斯顿祖父这样的犹太人。
passing through Liverpool were Jews, like Mervyn Kingston's grandfather.
见到你真高兴。早上好。幸会。迈克尔，很高兴见到你。
How lovely to see you. Good morning. And you. Michael. How nice to see you, Michael.
久仰大名。
Great to see you.
您家族何时来到英国？
When did your family come to the United Kingdom?
1♥8♥9♥0年代。
In the 1♥8♥9♥0s.
从拉脱维亚的里加迁来。
They came sent from Riga, in Latvia.
当时为何离开拉脱维亚？
Now, why were they leaving Latvia?
可能是因为大屠♥杀♥。
Probably because of the pogroms.
他们在拉脱维亚和
They were chased all the time in Latvia and
当时属于俄♥罗♥斯♥的立陶宛饱受迫♥害♥。
Lithuania, which was then part of Russia.
遭受宗教迫♥害♥？是的。
They were being persecuted? Yes.
随着反犹暴♥动♥席卷俄♥国♥，
As anti-Jewish riots took hold across Russia,
超过两百万犹太人逃离东欧前往美洲。
over two million Jews fled Eastern Europe for America.
1880至1920年间，许多人先乘船到赫尔港，
Between the 1880s and 1920s, many of them travelled by boat to Hull,
再转火车经利物浦前往纽约。
then caught the train to Liverpool on their way to New York.
全家都来到了利物浦。
They came to Liverpool, the whole family.
五个孩子。
There were five of them, five children.
定居在市区一个叫
And when they got to Liverpool, they settled in town,
小莫顿街的地方，现已拆除。
in what was called Little Moreton Street. It's been demolished since.
祖父在冠达邮轮公♥司♥找到了工作。
And my grandfather got a job with Cunard.
许多人途经利物浦时，
As they passed through Liverpool,
选择留下，一度占城市人口的十分之一。
many decided to stay, forming one tenth of the city's population.
如今犹太社群比例已不足1%。
These days, the Jewish community has shrunk to less than one per cent.
您认为犹太社群对利物浦有何影响？
What would you say the Jewish community's influence on Liverpool has been?
我们出过七位犹太裔市长，众多议员。
We've had seven Jewish lord mayors, many councillors.
我曾是保守党议员。
I was a Conservative councillor once.
我们奉献的绝不比索取的少。
And we believe we give back as much as we take, if not more.
乐善好施的传统。尽力而为。
A great tradition of philanthropy. We do our best.
梅尔文，非常感谢。受益匪浅。
Mervyn, thank you so much. That's been really interesting.
感谢分享这些回忆。很高兴认识您。
Thank you for sharing those memories. Very nice seeing you.
幸会。再见。保重。再会。
Very nice to meet you. Bye-bye. Take care. Goodbye, now. Bye-bye.
现在我将离开利物浦，继续东行前往曼彻斯特。
I'm now leaving Liverpool to continue my journey east to Manchester.
列车将带我沿世界最具历史意义的
My train will take me to Rainhill, along what is perhaps
铁路线之一前往雷恩希尔。
the most historic stretch of railway in the world.
布拉德肖指南对铁路史情有独钟。
Not surprisingly, the Bradshaw guides were really keen on railway history.
"利物浦至曼彻斯特线首次实践了
"The Liverpool and Manchester line was really the first on which was attempted the practical application
"蒸汽机车运输客货的创举。
"of locomotive power for the transit of goods and passengers.
"堪称推动机械与建筑革新的先驱，
"And it is therefore prominently entitled to rank as the pioneer of those stupendous undertakings
"使英国在这些领域领先全球。"
"which have not only given a new stimulus to the mechanical and architectural genius of the age,
"but have enabled this country to take the lead of all others in these respects."
维多利亚时代的人们为铁路与国家深感自豪。
The Victorians were immensely proud of their railways and immensely proud of their country.
他们确实有骄傲的资本。
They had good reason to be.
铁路开通前，30英里的运河路程需36小时。
Before the railway, it took some 36 hours to cover the 30 miles by canal.
这条铁路将行程缩短至两小时，
This line cut journey times down to just two hours,
彻底改变了城际交通。
a revolution for inter-city travel.
铁路建设期间，利物浦郊外九英里处
As the line was being built, a highly innovative competition that would change the world
举♥行♥了一场改变世界的创新竞赛。
took place about nine miles outside Liverpool.
这里是雷恩希尔，铁路史上的里程碑事件就发生于此。
This is Rainhill, and I've come to this little place because railway history was made here.
克里斯蒂安·沃尔玛是雷恩希尔试验的专家，这是世界首场蒸汽机车竞赛。
Christian Wolmar is an expert on the Rainhill Trials, the world's first steam-locomotive race.
您是克里斯蒂安吗？您好。幸会。
Are you Christian? How do you do? Hi. How lovely to see you.
非常感谢。为何举办雷恩希尔试验？
Thank you very much. Why were there Rainhill Trials?
本质上是场精妙的公♥关♥活动，
Well, essentially, it was a very clever public-relations exercise,
当时利物浦至曼彻斯特铁路正在建设，
because they were building the Liverpool and Manchester railway,
决策层刚确定要采用蒸汽机车，
they had just about decided that they wanted locomotives,
而非马车或固定发动机，
rather than horses or stationary engines,
于是决定举办盛大发布会——
so they decided to have a big launch
提前数月宣布1829年10月将举♥行♥机车选拔赛。
of a PR exercise, announcing several months in advance that there were going to be these trials
for a locomotive in October of 1829.
现场是什么场景？有乐队和气球吗？
Set the scene for me. Were there bands? Were there balloons?
热闹非凡吗？
And was there hullabaloo?
绝对是轰动性事件。
Oh, it was an absolutely huge event.
欧美各国都有人前来观摩，
There were people from Europe, from the United States.
观众多达1万至1.5万人...
There was maybe 10,000,15,000...
还有众多外国访客前来见证
onlookers, but also all these foreign visitors who had come to see,
这项是否将改变世界的发明。
you know, was this the invention that, er,
was going to change the face of the world?
历史证明了这一点。
And they were proved right.
这是铁路史乃至世界史上
It was an absolutely astonishing...
惊天动地的大事件。
event in railway and, indeed, world history.
利物浦至曼彻斯特线的总工程师
George Stephenson, chief engineer for the Liverpool to Manchester line,
乔治·史蒂芬森携"火箭号♥"参赛。
entered his steam locomotive, the Rocket.
它以29英里时速轻松夺冠，
It won hands down, achieving a top speed of 29 miles per hour.
成为后世机车的原型。
The Rocket became the prototype for all future locomotives.
其他机车接连爆缸，变成独角戏。
It was a one-iron-horse race, because the others blew up one by one.
他赢得500英镑奖金（约合现今2万英镑），
He got the £500 prize, probably worth around £20,000
更关键的是获得了利物浦-曼彻斯特线的机车订单。
these days, and, crucially, the contract to build more locomotives for the Liverpool to Manchester line.
您描绘的场景栩栩如生。
You paint a really vivid scene.
真希望亲历其境！
I wish I'd been there!
克里斯蒂安，我的车到了。
Christian, my train is here.
得赶紧走了。好的，非常感谢。
I'd better scoot. All right. Thank you so much.
谢谢，再见。
Cheers. Bye-bye.
呼！刚好赶上。