英国铁路纪行（2010）

Great British Railway Journeys S01E05

Part 3 Aug. 24, 2025, 4:25 p.m.

17世纪时斯卡伯勒含铁温泉
In the 17th century, Scarborough's bar
吸引贵族前来疗养
and its iron-rich waters attracted the gentry
开启了度假胜地历史
and its life as a resort began.
铁路让斯卡伯勒成为
But it was the railways that put Scarborough on the map
大众旅游目的地
as a major holiday destination for the masses.
布拉德肖写道
Bradshaw writes,
"33英里海岸线
"There are 33 miles of coast
退潮时可漫步
which may be inspected at low water
英格兰最细腻的沙滩"
over a course of the finest sands in England."
指南记载1861年
My Bradshaw's Guide tells me
因游客过多
that this beach became so popular that in 1861
不得不禁止裸泳
they had to ban nude bathing here.
后来沙滩举办赛马♥会♥
After that, the sands were used for the Scarborough horse races
观众聚集在那座桥上
and the crowds used to gather on that bridge
指南称其为
and Bradshaw's Guide tells me
"世界最佳观景台"
that that bridge was the best grandstand in the world.
如今沙滩从赛马场变成冲浪地
But now the sands have changed from turf to surf.
19世纪中叶
In the mid-19th century,
温泉镇转型为娱乐中心
the spa town became known as a centre of entertainment.
每年夏季西北部棉纺厂
Every summer, the cotton mills across the northwest
"唤醒周"假期停工
closed for a holiday called Wakes Week
工人们涌向海岸
and the workers headed to the coast,
很多人选择斯卡伯勒
many of them ending up at Scarborough.
布拉德肖详细记载了
They came for the many attractions
吸引游客的景点
which Bradshaw described in detail,
铁桥
the Iron Bridge,
12世纪古堡
the 12th century castle,
以及绝佳观景的悬崖步道
and of course, cliff top walks with panoramic views
还有特别推荐
and something else.
指南推荐圆形博物馆
In Scarborough, Bradshaw's Guide
尤其要看
recommends the Rotunda Museum,
"古不列颠人遗骸
especially the skeleton of an ancient Britain
及其橡木棺
and his oak tree coffin,
距今约2000年
supposed to be 2,000 years old,
极具观赏价值"
which will be found particularly attractive.
牙齿保存完好
The teeth are all perfect.
我要找的这位两千岁先生
So, I'm looking for a man 20 centuries old,
笑容迷人风韵犹存
particularly attractive with a great smile.
格里斯索普人遗骸
The skeleton, called Gris Thorpe Man,
发现于树干棺材中
was discovered in a tree trunk.
2005年考古学家奈杰尔·梅尔顿博士
In 2005, it was taken away for testing
和珍妮特·蒙哥马利将其
by field archaeologists Dr Nigel Melton
带走检测
and Janet Montgomery.
如今遗骸已回归圆形博物馆展出
Today, it's back on display in the Rotunda.
请问这是那位两千岁的先生吗？
Excuse me, is this the 2,000-year-old man?
不这位其实四千岁了
No, actually, this one's 4,000 years old.
来自青铜时代早期
He dates from the early Bronze Age.
应该就是我要找的
I think he must be the one I'm looking for,
但维多利亚指南说只有两千年
but a Victorian guidebook says he's 2,000 years old.
那应该就是这位了
Then this is probably the one you're looking for.
只是现代科技
It's just that now we have
能更精确测定年代
much more advanced scientific techniques.
我们使用碳14测年法
We can use radiocarbon dating,
19世纪
which they didn't have access to
尚未出现
in the 19th century.
保存如此完好的遗骸罕见吗？
And how unusual is this intact skeleton?
非常罕见
It's very unusual.
1834年发现格里斯索普人之前
Up until Gris Thorpe Man was found in 1834,
只找到过空棺木
they'd found log coffins,
未见遗骸
but with no evidence of a body at all.
当时认为是
They thought they were repositories
陪葬品容器
for people's possessions,
直到发现这具遗骸
and then we found Gris Thorpe Man.
棺内是完整骨骸
There was a full, complete skeleton in there,
之后再未发现同类
but since then, there's been no more.
他是孤例
He's unique.
参观者络绎不绝吗？
So do people flock in to see him?
曾经是
Well, they used to.
1834年发现时举国轰动
When he was found in 1834, he was a national sensation.
后来逐渐淡出视野
But he sort of slipped off the radar a bit,
或许因为藏在英格兰北部
maybe because he's tucked away in the north of England.
希望最新
But we're hoping that all the new,
法医检测技术
sort of forensic-style investigations
能让他
we've been able to do on him now
重获关注
will bring him back to prominence.
记载说他牙齿完好
It says in here that he has a full set of teeth,
确实如此非常难得
which indeed he does, which is very remarkable, isn't it?
我以为那个年代
I would have thought his teeth
牙齿早就脱落了
would have fallen out in those days.
其实古人牙齿
Well, actually, they didn't tend to,
因糖分摄入少
because they didn't have as much access to sugars
不易龋齿
that we have, so they didn't get as much tooth decay.
但磨损严重
They tend to get very worn because their diet
因饮食粗糙
is usually a lot harsher.
他去世时多大年纪？
And I know he's 4,000 years old, but how old was he when he died?
骸骨很难精确判断
Well, it's very difficult to tell from a skeleton,
推测60岁以上
but we think he was probably 60 plus when he died.
在当时算高寿了吧？
Really? That's a pretty good age for those days, isn't it?
确实罕见
It's a very good age for those days, yes.
他体型高大？
And he's big, isn't he?
约1.83-1.88米
Yes, he's about 6 foot, 6 foot 2,
青铜时代算巨人
which is very tall for the Bronze Age.
他长相如何？
What would he have looked like?
不仅身材高大
Well, not only was he tall,
还非常强壮
but he was also an extremely powerfully built man.
肌肉量堪比
Something like a modern professional athlete
现代职业运动员
in terms of his muscles and his body mass.
死因是？
Now, what did he die of?
仅凭骸骨
Well, it's terribly difficult to say
很难判断
when you've only got a skeleton left,
除非有明显外伤
unless there's something obvious like this.
比如斧头劈砍痕迹
You don't want to hit him over the head with an axe or something.
我们为他做了CT扫描
We've actually CT scanned him
这样就可以进行数字化解剖分♥析♥
so that we can take him apart digitally.
其中一项重要发现是
And one of the things that turned upon there
他的左侧颅骨存在病变
was on the left side of his skull.
大型良性脑瘤导致
There's a large, benign brain tumour
颅骨局部变薄
that's left the skull only to pay for thinning places.
随着游客激增
As ever more visitors arrived,
斯卡伯勒旅馆供不应求
Scarborough quickly ran out of hotel space.
1863年始建宏伟酒店
So in 1863, work began on the Grand,
这是欧洲首批
one of the first and largest
大型专业酒店之一
purpose-built hotels in Europe.
保罗·哈勒姆在此工作15年
Paul Hallam's worked here for 15 years
对酒店了如指掌
and knows it inside out.
保罗
Paul.
你好迈克尔
Hello, Michael.
真是气势恢宏
It is magnificent.
如此规模需要铁路支撑吧？
A hotel on this scale needed the railways?
确实如此
It certainly did.
铁路带来大量游客
It was the railway that actually brought all the people
尤其是
into the town, especially on Sundays
周末假日
and weekends and bank holidays.
介绍些关键数据
Give me a spinal statistics.
建筑师卡斯伯特·布罗德里克
When it was first designed by Cuthbert Broderick,
以历法为设计灵感
he built it around the calendar.
四座塔楼象征
We have the four turrets at the top of the buildings
四季
for the seasons.
12层代表月份
We have 12 floors for the months of the year,
365间客房♥52个烟囱
365 bedrooms and 52 chimneys.