宇宙（2007）

The Universe S01E09

Part 1 April 22, 2021, 8:12 p.m.

开始时，漆黑一团, 突然
In the principle there was the dark and then
BANG!
轰!
taking step to the existence infinite of time, space and matter.
诞生了无尽扩展的时间，空间和物质的存在。
现在关注在超乎我们想象的,
Now we see beyond that what we never imagined
超越我们生存空间极限的，
beyond the limits of our existence
我们叫做宇宙的地方。
in the place that we called The Universe.
太阳是银河系亿万恒星中的一颗。
Our Sun is only one of thousands of million in the Milky Way
我们的星系是已知宇宙中千亿，
and our galaxy is only one of hundreds of thousands of million
可能万亿星系中的一个。
probably trillions in the well-known universe.
用哈勃望远镜，我们观察到的宇宙
By the space telescope Hubble we obtained a vision of the universe.
是穿越历史迷雾的壮丽旅行，
A magnificent trip by the fog of history
几乎回到宇宙大爆♥炸♥的时代。
and more back, almost even to arrive at Big Bang.
Each blotch, each lump
每一个点儿，每一个块儿
每一个光子。
each spot of light
这边繁星成千上万，
and thousands of million of stars this way
and trillions of stars over there.
那边繁星成万上千。
加果你想知道我们在宇宙中的位置
If they want to know ours place in the Universe
来向上看，
they throw a glance to the sky
在那遥远，遥远的地方，
and more, more far still
去看那其它星系的疆界。
towards the scope of extraterrestrial galaxies.
The Universe: Extraterrestrial galaxies.
片名：宇宙其它星系
我们的宇宙是运动的宇宙，
Ours it is a universe of movement
expansion
膨胀的宇宙，
光芒的宇宙，
light
还是昏暗的宇宙。
and the dark.
我们的宇宙有136亿年的历史。
The Universe has about 13.6 thousands of million years of antiquity.
In order to put it in context, the Earth
把它放着作一参照，地球
和太阳系有40亿年的历史。
and the Solar System has more of 4 billions of years.
所以宇宙比地球的年龄大三倍。
So the Universe is only 3 times older than the Earth.
在广裹无垠的虚幻的边际，
Through the vast borders of the interstellar emptiness
the distant stars stay united by the long reach
遥远的星辰彼此之间
受到引力的牵连。
of the inflexible claw of the gravity.
Through thousands of million of years those stars were united
这些星辰经过了上百万年
一起形成了星系。
in order to form galaxies.
A galaxy is a group of one hundred billions of stars.
一个星系有数千亿的星辰
那些星辰相互既不接近，也不接触
Those stars are not some close of the other nor they are touched to each other.
和它们的体积相比，它们离的很远。
In comparison with its sizes they are very very separated of the other.
想不通星系这东西怎么了，
What it astonishes to me about galaxies are the monstrous thing that are.
它们大到不可想象。
They are incredibly great.
If the Sun outside the size of a point in a page
加果把太阳比作是一个句号♥，
the point of an i
就象i 上的那一点，
our galaxy would be of size of the United States.
我们的星系将是整个美国大♥陆♥
So, they are immense.
所以，它们是非常浩瀚的。
天文学家都知道，有特殊的
The astronomers have known whenever there was something special
in the band of stars and dust
一群星辰和太空尘
在他们上面环绕着夜空。
that it seemed to surround the sky nocturne upon them.
It is our galaxy, a spot white that they called:
这是我们的星系，
The Milky Way.
银河系。（牛奶路）
That band of light is the collective light
那是一个光点的群体，光点
of hundreds of thousands of stars
来自成千上万颗星。
that you cannot see in individual form and that was named by the Greeks.
你用眼分不开它们，是希腊人命名的
他们认为，看起来像是牛奶的河流。
They thought that it seemed milky river and called the Milky Way.
One hundred billions are of stars in our galaxy
我们的银河有数千亿的行星，
and one hundred billions of galaxies are in the well-known Universe.
宇宙里有数千亿个星系，
在宇宙里行星的数量多于，
That is that are more stars in the Universe
地球海滩上的沙粒数。
that grain of sand in Earth beaches.
加果想象，星系同曲棍球一样大，
If one imagines that a galaxy is as large as a hockey disc
then the galaxies are separated to each other
那么星系彼此之间
有几十公分的距离。
by few diameters.
这儿有一个球，那儿有一个球
So if there is a disc here, and another one there
thus it is as the galaxies are separated in the space.
星系在宇宙就象这样。
Photographies of space telescope Hubble
从哈勃望远镜得到的图片
they show an ample one variety of distant galaxies.
展示其它星系的多样性。
The galaxy hat
草帽星系，
也叫M104，
also well-known like M104.
巨大的星系团里最庞大的物体之一
One of the most enormous objects in a gigantic group of galaxies
草帽星系包含八千亿倍
the galaxy Hat contains almost 800 billions of mass
我们的太阳的质量。
more than our Sun.
和银河系相比，
Compared with the Milky Way
草帽星系的肚子比它的盘子大得多。
Hat has one more a longer mass in relation to its coiled good disc.
它的图片就是典型的例子。
This image of the galaxy Hat it is also a good example
than it happens when they unite forces three of the majors
猜猜看会怎样，三个世界级的
telescopes of the world.
天文望远镜联合起来。
The X-ray observatory Chandra
查德拉X光观察台，
把草帽星系发出来的
it takes an image from X-rays of high power
emitted by the galaxy Hat.
高能量的X光线成像。
The space telescope Hubble
哈勃天文望远镜，
it takes an optical photography, that it catches the visible light
捕捉行走数百万光年的的，
that it made the trip of multi million years light to the Earth.
可见光成像。
And the space telescope Spitzer
史匹哲天文望远镜，
利用红外线成像，
that it catches an infrared vision
of the heat signs of the galaxy Hat.
得到草帽星系的热指纹。
三个图片结合起来，出现一个难忘的奇异景象，
When uniting them, these 3 images provide an amazing and unforgettable vision
of a located galaxy a 28 million years light.
远离两千八百万光年的星系。
M51, the galaxy Eddy.
M51、涡状星系，
With its arms in spiral twisting like sugar cotton.
它的旋臂如棉花糖般螺旋在一起，
The center of the galaxy Eddy he is so crowded of stars
星系的中♥央♥聚集着恒星，
谁有是住在那儿，
that whatever it lives in planets there
it would be under a shining sky constant
将享受长白天，
无论是白天还是黑夜。
by day and at night.
Centaurus A
人马座A
一个发射出大量电波的星系
a galaxy that sends amounts massive of radio waveses.
就像是星际的广播站
They think about her like one interstellar transmitter
向宇宙日夜不停地发射信♥号♥♥。
sending its signal through Universe all the day, every day.
She is nearest of calls active galaxies
它是最近的活跃星系，
galaxies that emanate great amounts of energy of its nuclei.
从核心倾泻大量能量的星系。
这是一幅哈勃超深空图片，
This it is the field of images extreme deep of the Hubble.
Created the space telescope Hubble
由哈勃天文望远镜拍摄，
它展示了广裹无垠的宇宙。
it shows to us truly vast and distant that is the Universe.
And how the distant spaces they are not absolutely empty.
远方的宇宙不只是空旷。
当你看宇宙的非常深处时，你看到的是以前的。
When sights deeply to the Universe, sights backwards in the time.
所以看到的星系都是很久很久以前的
So you observe galaxies in time at which they were very young
when they had a small one percentage of its present age.
只有现在年代几个百分点时的景象。
So deep the extreme field of Hubble is like the tunnel of the time
哈勃超深空图片就像是时间隧♥道♥
给了我们一个地球诞生前星系的景象。
and it gives a vision us of how they were galaxies before the Earth existed.
地球有四十亿年的历史，
The Earth has 4 thousands million years
我们认为星系有一百三十亿年的历史
we see the galaxies as they were it does 13 billions of years.
So it is the light that left those objects
光线离开那些天体时
before our planet existed.
我们的星球还不存在。
The greatest galaxy near ours, the Andr髆eda galaxy
靠近我们的大星系，仙女座星系
it is to 2 million years light.
有两百万光年远。
So if the light of Andr髆eda
从仙女座星系来的光，
it takes 2 million years in arriving here.
要用两百万年才到这儿，
所以，我们看到的是两百万年前的样子。
And for that reason we observed how it was 2 million ago years.
这是最近的星系。
And that is one of nearer galaxies.
As we see more far in the space
我们看更遥远的空间，
we will see a more distant object in the time.
我们会看到更遥远的过去。
In order to have the one best one idea of this concept
为了更好的理解
they only visit one of the views more spectacular of the Earth.
去参观地球最为壮观的景色之一
Majestic the Great Tube.
雄伟的大峡谷。
When observing the low layers you obtain more and more old rocks
当观察较低的层时会看到久远的岩石
and we can distinguish how they were the different atmospheres.
我们能辫别不同的环境
Thus we can distinguish how they were the different atmospheres.
我们可以准确了解这儿的地质史
And we can see geologic history from that area to traverse the time.
通过这儿的环境了解数亿年前的地球史
So, when observing located stars more and more far from the Earth
观察距离地球很远很远的星辰，
the astronomers become an idea of the evolution of the Universe.
天文学家可以找到宇宙进化的线索，
From the first days of galactic astronomy
从早期的星系天文学始
the observers have noticed who
观察者就已经注意到
the galaxies had one multiplicity of forms and sizes.
星系在形状和大小上有着多样性
主要有两种，螺旋星系
Both main types of galaxy is spiral.