宇宙（2007）

The Universe S01E11

Part 1 April 22, 2021, 8:13 p.m.

起点漆黑一团突然，轰的一声
In the beginning There was darkness, And then
BANG!
诞生了无休无止扩展的时间空间，物质
Giving birth to an endless Expanding existence Of time, space, and matter.
Now, see further Than we've ever imagined
在所看到的超乎想象的
Beyond the limits of our existence
我们所生存空间的范围之外
In a place we call "The Universe."
我们称之为“宇宙”
在太阳系遥远的角落
In the distant corners Of our solar system
是冥王星天王星和海王星的世界
Ice giants, Uranus, and Neptune Are violent worlds.
Blanketed with smoky hazes
由于距离太远
These outer planets Are frenzied, turbulent
这些外行星有许多未解之谜
And unpredictable.
Neptune claims the fastest winds In our solar system.
海王星上的风暴是太阳系中最快的
Like an apparition
还有海王星最明显的特征
Its great dark spot Surfaces and vanishes Without warning.
就属位于南半球的大黑斑
天王星的卫星十几颗
Uranus' inner swarm of moons
Dash around the planet In less than a day
相互碰撞是不可避免的
And collisions are unavoidable.
The most controversial Of the far off planets
而对冥王星的争议
Isn't even a planet anymore.
是所有行星中最激烈的
So why was Pluto demoted?
那么为什么冥王星会引起这么大的争议
现在还有许多人不承认冥王星是行星
The man who killed Pluto Makes his case
这样就要必要探测太阳系的外行星了
As we explore the outer planets.
-=THE LAST FANTASY=-SUBBED BY hackhawk
片名宇宙外行星
Meet the man who killed Pluto.
他不承认冥王星是行星
Pluto had it coming For a long time.
我们研究了它很久
利用现在的技术
Caltech astronomer, Mike Brown
改变了我们对
Set in motion a chain of events That reduced
The long established number Of planets in our solar system,
太阳系到底有多少个行星的看法
From nine to just eight.
从9个调整到8个
但也许更多
Yet, he feels no remorse.
There was no way That Pluto could survive the its status
我们正在继续证实这个情况迈克?布朗加州理工大学
as the single Lonely ice ball
but it was--It was gonna fall, And it certainly fell.
很快就会有结果
可能会找出来的
Among our planets,
在所有行星中冥王星被认识与众不同的
Pluto was long considered To be a bit different,
Much smaller than the rest.
比其他的行星要小得多
It has the largest moon In proportion to its own size.
有些大的卫星都比它大
It also has the most inclined And eccentric orbit.
它的赤道面与轨道面几乎成直角
Its orbit Is sort of shaped like an egg.
它的轨道面几乎成直角
有时和太阳很近亨利?希劳奥普西南研究所
Pluto's orbit causes it to get Significantly closer to the sun
And then further away From the sun.
有时和太阳很远
This cosmic needle In a haystack
这些困扰了科学家几十年
Eluded planet hunters For decades.
The eighth planet, Neptune, Had been discovered in 1846,
第八颗行星海王星是在1846年发现的
而天王星上百年来都是被认为是
And astronomers at the turn Of the century were convinced
太阳系的第九颗行星
There was a ninth planet
In the far reaches Of our solar system.
The search for pluto Was started by Percival Lowell
冥王星是在上个世纪被汤博发现的
At Lowell Observatory.
He thought there was A planet x there
他发现冥王星的轨道莱斯利?杨西南研究所
That was perturbing the orbits Of Uranus and Neptune.
好像要穿越海王星的轨道
在发现这颗行星之前
Before finding The elusive planet,
Lowell passed away.
研究所的研究员声称
But the observatory's Research assistant, Clyde Tombaugh
还有许多因素还没有确定
Continued his quest.
In 1930 at the age of 24,
在1930年4月24日
Tombaugh captured an image Of an object
汤博终于在双子星座的底片中发现了这颗新行星
That seemed to validate Lowell's predictions.
The discovery Was announced to the world
这个发现文明世界
And the object Was given an official name-- "Pluto."
官方正式命名这颗行星叫“冥王星”
但冥王星是行星吗
But was Pluto planet x?
有些科学家争议
Some scientists argued That Pluto was far too small
冥王星太小了
And didn't have enough mass To significantly
没有足够大的质量来
Perturb the orbits Of its neighboring gas giants,
克服固体应力以达到流体静力平衡
Uranus and Neptune.
像天王星和海王星那样
Astronomers have since realized
有些人认为它根本就不是行星
That there is no such planet x.
It had been predicted
它比海王星的质量要小许多
Using inaccurate estimates Of Neptune's mass.
Even though Pluto Wasn't planet x,
即使冥王星不是真的行星
Could it still be classified As a planet?
到底和其他行星有什么不同呢
The first term for planet Just meant "wanderer In the sky."
我们怎么定义行星的
他们都在太空中走
It was the things that moved Relative to the stars.
都有自己的卫星
So, to the ancient greeks,
这样的话
The Moon was a planet,
月球也是行星太阳也行星
The Sun was a planet,
The Earth was not.
地球却不是
Of course, When we realized that the Earth
当然地球是围绕太阳旋转的
Is actually going around the Sun
And that the Moon Is going around the Earth,
而月球围绕着地球旋转这是不可改变的
The definition of planet Changed again.
地球当然是个行星
Earth became a planet.
The Sun and the Moon Were taken away
And there were Finally six.
许多年来
And over time, Uranus was discovered.
冥王星被发现了
Neptune was discovered,
海王星被发现了
So there were--there were seven, There were eight.
这样太阳系就有了8颗行星
Although it later proved To be smaller than our Moon,
虽然冥王星被证实比月球小
但冥王星也像火星那么大
Pluto was originally thought To be as large as Mars.
所以汤博发现了冥王星之后
So tombaugh's discovery Was anointed
冥王星就成了第九号♥行星了
As planet number nine.
没人会怀疑这个
No one really thought Much else about it.
It was a strange object.
这是个陌生的物体
It was sort Of this lonely oddball
孤独的在太阳系一个阴冷的角落
At the edge of the solar system,
But nothing else to call it So it was called a planet.
但没有什么可以阻挡它是个行星
Because of its great distance From the Sun,
因为它远离太阳
冥王星以罗马之神命名
Pluto takes its name From the roman god Of the underworld.
At its closest, Pluto is 2.7 billion miles From Earth.
冥王星距离地球270亿英里远
直径是1485英里
Its diameter is 1,485 miles,
Half the width Of the United States.
美国一半大少
It takes 248 earth years For Pluto to orbit the Sun.
绕一圈太阳要248年
日长是6♥4♥年
And a day on the planet Is equivalent to about
6 1/2 earth days.
A 150 pound earthling
在地球上150磅的人
Would weigh only 10 pounds On Pluto.
在冥王星上只有10磅
It's a testament To modern technology
随着科学技术的发展
That we know anything at all About the surface of Pluto.
我们对冥王星的表面有了些了解
We can hardly see this thing.
我们很难看得见它
Even with the Hubble Space Telescope,
即使是用天文望远镜
We get maybe Four pixels across,
也是只能看到一点点
Maybe 12 pixels total.
But even with that,
但即使是看到冥王星的一点点
We see that parts of pluto Are as dark as coal
都是对它研究的大发展
And parts of pluto Are as bright as snow.
即使冥王星很远
Even from a far,
Scientists can measure The composition of the planet.
科学家也能推测出这行星的组成成份
They believe That the bright areas Of the surface
他们认为光亮的部分
Are made up of three types Of ice.
是由大量的冰组成的
上面有很特别的气体
One is carbon monoxide,
One is methane, Which is the same As natural gas.
And then, the third is nitrogen,
能主要由氮和少量的一氧化碳及甲烷组成
The same stuff That we have breathing here In our atmosphere.
大气极其稀薄
The dark areas Are probably solid rock.
黑暗部分可能是岩石
The darker areas Are almost certainly silicates Of some sort.
黑暗的部分可能是某些土质
Silicates not unlike The rocks that we see here,
我认为不是岩石
That means There's silicon in them
我认为有一氧化碳和氧气在里面
And there's oxygen in them.
We're up here In Rocky Mountain
不像在这里有大堆的岩石
National Park in Colorado.
There's some snow around,
There's some rocks around.
This is similar to what we see--
我们在冥王星上面看到的和这里有些不同
What we're gonna see On the surface of Pluto.
A traveller to Pluto Would find
看遍整个冥王星
That despite the snowy surface,
It is a very dim place.
你可以看到有些地方很深
It's about 30 or 40 times Further away from the Sun
但它离太阳太远了
Than the Earth is.
This means that the-- The sunlight Hitting the surface of Pluto
这意味着上面的温度很低
Is about 1,000 times Fainter than it is on the Earth.
比地球冷多了
It's maybe About the same brightness
在晚上上面的温度达到你想象不到的低温
As being outside Under a dim street light At night.