宇宙（2007）

The Universe S01E14

Part 5 April 22, 2021, 8:14 p.m.

显示了潮汐，轨道行星的速度，
and even the Earth form
甚至地球的形状，
they could be explained by means of attraction of the gravity
都可以用引力来解释。
because everything what it has mass
因为任何有质量的物体，
it exerts an attraction in all others that also mass has.
对其他有质量的物体都有引力。
The Moon attracts the oceans
月亮吸引着海洋，
the Earth attracts the Moon
地球吸引着月亮，
the Sun attracts the Earth, and enters nearer they are
太阳吸引着地球，
these objects to each other, major is the gravitational attraction.
相近物体的总和，产生较强的引力。
The principles of Newton are an incredible work of I devise
牛顿定律是空前的成就，
that it almost compensates amazing fact.
几乎构成一个困惑的事实。
Although Newton formulated the laws that they govern the gravity
虽然牛顿给出了万有引力定律，
it never explained or not even it understood why this one worked.
他没有解释，甚至不知道为什么会这样。
And the gravity, when you think in her he is outlandish.
引力，你想想，太奇怪了。
Including how the Earth it knows where is the Sun
想一下，地球怎么知道太阳在哪？
in order to be able to turn around him, what it would happen if the sun
要去饶它转，太阳要突然没了怎么办？
one would move suddenly? What would make the Earth?
地球该怎么办？
This remote action is something that it simply rejected
这中间还有其他的东西，他放弃了，
it said that one would not worry by this question
说我不担心这个问题，
because the law worked.
因为定律是正确的。
Although the physicists still fight in order to define the gravity
物理学家们仍然在探索引力的原因。
Newton was sufficiently far in its definition.
牛顿也做了大量的努力。
Two hundred years later
两百年只后，
the genius of Albert Einstein it would compete with the one of Newton
爱因斯坦达到了牛顿的高度。
creating not only new physics laws
不只建立了物理定律，
but re-inventing the Universe.
还刷新了宇宙观。
Albert Einstein born in Germany in 1879.
爱因斯坦1879年生于德国，
It can more be the scientist famous that has existed
可能是有过的最著名的科学家，
reason why it did here in Bern, Switzerland, in 1905.
原由他1905年在瑞士的伯尔尼的成就。
Not to be able to make sure a position like educator after being student
怕毕业后得不到教师的职位，
Einstein accepted a work in this office of patents.
爱因斯坦在专利局找了份工作
And then one get ready to think.
他的思考开始了。
In fact, it devised a revolution in the time and the space.
事实上，他思考着空间和时间的革命。
Perhaps without Einstein, still we would be fighting to try to understand
没有爱因斯坦，我们可能还要苦苦探索
how the Universe works in fact.
宇宙的运行机理。
I believe that if asked who was more great scientist of century XX
我相信你要问谁是20世纪最伟大的科学家，
the majority of us we would say that it was 揈instein?
大部分人会回答：爱因斯坦。
And I believe that partly it is because there is a natural fascination
我认为部分原因是
with the space-time, in consequence with its mysteries.
他神奇地揭开了时间和空间的自然魅力。
But also fodder that it is because
还有部分原因是，
it fitted in the perception public arqueot韕ica of a scientist.
他和其他的科学家社区的人和谐相处。
The intention of Einstein was not to take to us until the origin of the Universe.
爱因斯坦没有想要带我们去宇宙的起源。
Not even it liked to think about that.
想都没有想过。
The idea of the beginning suggested a dynamic and finite universe.
开始的概念是动态的，有限的宇宙，
And Einstein preferred one static and infinite.
爱因斯坦更喜欢静态的，无限的宇宙。
Philosophically, he thought that the universal one was eternal
从哲学角度讲，他相信宇宙是永恒的，
and that history of a universe that it had a beginning and a end
有始有终。
she was little aesthetic, he was not something beautiful.
有点儿美感，但不漂亮。
The idea that the Universe was infinitely and eternal very ambiguous era.
宇宙是无限的，永恒的是旧理论
It was adopted by scientists like Einstein
被象爱因斯坦一样的科学家所接受。
because it was easier to think than Universe always had existed
很容易让人接受的是宇宙总是存在着的，
instead of to be created.
要说是形成的，
Created how? Why?
形成的？怎么形成的？用什么形成的？
Unfortunately for Einstein
对爱因斯坦来说很不幸，
its understanding of forces like the gravity
以他对力，象引力的理解
they suggested the Universe he was not eternal.
最终推出宇宙不是永恒的。
The ideas of Einstein they were so outlandish
爱因斯坦的想法很奇异，
that it was easy to think about them stops to apply them to a crazy world of circus.
难以想像可以用于我们的世界。
But by stranger who seems
还有人认为
our world is world of Einstein.
我们的世界是爱因斯坦的世界。
Reunan, they approach! They do not push! They make sure that well they see!
过来，过来，不要推，不要挤围好了看清楚。
The spectacle is about to begin and it will not want to lose itself don't mention it!
演出要开始了，你肯定不想误。
They hurry, we go dense haste! Ladies and horsemen, enter the world of Einstein.
快来了，女士们先生们，步入爱因斯坦的世界。
Where the things are always what they seem
时期要发生总会发生，
but they are not what You hope.
但不一定总随人所愿，
First, the wonderful one Einstein in person.
首先我们来看看爱因斯坦这个人，
It was born surprising the region from brain that influences the speech
出生就少了关说话的那块儿大脑，
it did not speak until the three years.
他到三岁才会说话。
Its parietal, responsible lobe of the mathematical thought
可是管数学和空间关系的
and of the space relations, it demonstrated to be greater
部分，顶叶，太大了，
doing that its brain _ was 15 more width.
使他的脑子比别人宽15%。
They notice the enlarged brain!
注意这个大个的大脑---
He was the teacher than we called 揺xperiment of the thought?
爱因斯坦是我们所说的想像大♥师♥，
To think about an experiment that you cannot carry out
想像那些说不出来的东西，
but basing your conclusions in this thought
基于你的洞察力思考这一问题
sometimes was a revolution we thought of it about the Universe.
有时给我们的宇宙观带来革命。
1905年，爱因斯坦公布了特殊相对论，
In 1905, Einstein published his space theory of relativity
that it explored the bond between space and the time.
探索了时间和空间的交叉问题。
According to him, they are not separated elements, there is space and later no time
爱因斯坦的理论没把时间和空间分开，
but they are a single thing space-time and is in which we lived.
把它们结合了起来，我们活空间时间中。
He thought about this new one space-time like in a weave
他认为空间时间象块儿布，
that it interconnected space and the time.
空间和时间织在了一切。
1915年，爱因斯坦发展了他的理论一般相对论，
In 1915 Einstein it developed his general relativity theory
that it modified space relativity
修正了特殊相对论
in order to include the gravity and his effects in this weave space-time.
增加了重力和重力对空间时间的影响。
Welcomes to the springboard dancer of the gravity!
欢迎来到重力弹跳蹦床。
We have taken our weave space-time
这是我们的空间时间织物，
we have stretched it even to make it very tense
压下，
and we have placed him a great weight.
在上面放上重物，
We see how this curve weave space-time!
看，知道它怎么影响空间时间了吧。
When we rolled the ball in the weave
当我们滚一个球在上面的话，
this seems to feel magically attracted
就神奇靠向了
to the weight maciso of the center.
重物的质量中心。
The general theory of relativity was a new theory of the gravity
一般相对论是重力的新理论。
that it said to us that the gravity worked
他们说了引力的原因，
because space and time were curved in the presence of the matter
是因为在物体这儿空间时间弯曲了，
and they could respond dynamically
可以动态相应。
the space in himself could expand and to be contracted in the presence of the matter.
太空自己在膨胀，由物体制约，
A crazy person, but real idea.
疯狂但真实。
Mass is a term that is used stops to describe to the energy and the matter
质量这个术语，被描述成容纳
that the objects contain.
物体和能量的容器。
While greater it is the mass of an object
质量大的物体，
major is the distorci髇 of the weave space-time
对空间时间织物的影响就大，
and more hard effects of the gravity.
就有大的引力。
The gravity is not in reality a force
引力不是真正的力，
it is a weave
是织物，
it is a space-time form.
是空间时间的形状。
And we move to traverse of the curves of those forms.
我们正在这形状上的弯道上移♥动♥。
And the act to do that, takes what of another form it would be
要这样作，把你心目中的直线，
an air line and the curve, in which now we described like orbits
弯曲成轨道，
trajectories or ways through the cosmos.
弹道，或是轨迹穿越宇宙。
Einstein said that the light not even
爱因斯坦说甚至光线
it could escape of the effects of the gravity.
也逃离不了引力的作用。
As crazy as it could sound
疯狂的说法
the test arrived properly in 1919
在1919年证实，
in the form of a great one astronomical experiment
那时天文界有一重大事件：
based on a solar eclipse.
日食。
General relativity said that if you observed a star
一般相对论认为：假如观察
in a light way that it would happen in front of the sun
星体的光线刚好通过太阳时
you would see it modify a little due to the gravity of the sun.
会发现因太阳的引力，光线产生偏移。
Arthur Eddington想测试一下这个理论。
So Arthur Eddington it demonstrated the theory
during the solar eclipse in 1919 and it photographed stars when
在1919年日蚀时，拍摄星图，
the sun was being blocked by the Moon
当太阳被月亮挡着的时候
and it was possible to see stars, behind this one.
能看到它后边的星群！
The ability to see objects that they were behind the sun
能看到太阳后边的物体，
it demonstrated that the objects can to convar the space-time.
证实了物体是遵循空间时间的。
Einstein became a super ones it stars overnight.
一夜之间爱因斯坦成了超级明星。
1921年他获得诺贝尔物理奖。
It received the N骲el prize of physics 1921.
But general relativity abri? a box of Pandora for Einstein.
但相对论给爱因斯坦打开了潘多拉盒。
One of the consequences of the theory of Einstein
爱因斯坦理论的推理之一
it is that the universe had to be expanding or being contracted.