宇宙（2007）

The Universe S01E11

Part 3 April 22, 2021, 8:13 p.m.

Instead, scientists say The issue was addressed
科学家说这个问题很有吸引力
因为从中可以了解更多的未知天体
Because they learned about Eris
And other large Kuiper belt objects.
在冥王星附近的太阳系中
The kuiper belt Is a 3.5 billion mile wide
有一个巧亿平方英里的
Region in the outer solar system Near Pluto.
小行星区域
It's home To hundreds of thousands Of icy objects,
这里吸引了大量的冰体
The first of which Was discovered in 1992.
第一次发现是在1992年
So historically, We thought Of the outer solar system
所以我们的太阳系亨利?希劳奥普西南研究所
Where you've got Uranus and neptune out there.
存在了几个气体行星
They're these big Gaseous planets, giant planets.
And then just beyond that,
我们不得不承认从图上你可以看到
You've got this little straggler Pluto
that doesn't really fit Into the picture.
Well, now when we've found All these other Kuiper belt objects,
现在我们发现了几种不同类型的行星
What we're seeing Is that maybe Pluto Was really that,
也许冥王星就是其中一种
Just the first of these Many, many bodies Of the kuiper belt
同时也存在许多冰体的行星
that are--This wide diversity Of icy--small icy bodies
在我们的太阳系中
At the outer solar system.
The result of the iau vote Stipulated that a planet
国际天文学♥联♥合会投票解决了
冥王星是个很特别的行星
Is a spherical object That orbits the Sun
只是和其他行星一样围绕太阳旋转而已
And clears out the neighborhood Around its orbital path.
在冥王星附近有大量的同质天体
Since the area around Pluto Is full of other Kuiper belt objects,
这留给了后来汤博的发现
The new definition Would leave Clyde Tombaugh's
Great icy discovery Out in the cold.
Pluto's 76-year reign As the ninth planet was over.
冥王星几十年行星资格就要结束了
现在我们的太阳系官方认为
Our solar system Would now officially consist
Of only eight planets.
只有8颗行星
Objects like Pluto and Eris Were given The new classification,
冥王星被除去了行星资格
但也拥有了一个行星的名号♥“接行星”
"dwarf planets."
Dwarf planets Possess the same characteristics As planets,
“接行星”有行星的基本特征
But do not have A clear orbital path.
但没有足够的引力清空其轨道附近区域的天体
Under the new definition, Ceres,
在这新的行星定义之下
The largest asteroid In our solar system Is also a dwarf planet.
太阳系的许多卫星也拥有了“接行星”的资格
我们有了新的技术
We have this new terminology
因为所有在太阳系的东西
Because there's more things In the outer solar system
都被重新定义了
Than we used to think.
就像你在天空向下望
It's like all you can see Is one skyscraper,
And now all of a sudden,
你可以看到整个城市的全貌了
You have a whole city In front of you.
We have a whole city Full of objects
现在我们的太阳系就像一座城市一样繁星闪闪了
In the outer solar system now.
国际天文学♥联♥合会重新投票
The iau vote
Was meant to settle the debate On what constitutes a planet,
重新定义了行星的资格标准
But many scientists Refuse to accept the outcome.
但有些科学家拒绝接受这个结果
There are astronomers Who want it To be a planet still
冥王星仍然是颗行星
And they just keep On ripping those scabs Off whenever possible,
但已经不是大行星了
And they want to keep it fresh.
但仍然有影响力
I believe Pluto is a planet.
我认为它是颗行星
And i don't think the question Of whether or not
然不承认它是个行星维?格林斯彭自然科学博物馆
Pluto is a planet Is really that important Fundamentally.
这是个很重要的问题
It's not a scientific question, It's a question of names.
就是名字的问题而已
但以新的方法
But in a way, in an odd way,
It's become one Of the highly visible subjects Of planetary science.
还有我的方法我是支持它是行星的
这是个行星科学的课题了
人们经常问我冥王星是否是颗行星
People always ask Whether pluto Is a planet or not.
There's not one Easy dividing line
这不是很容易分得清楚的
it's not Where you move From being a planet over here
在这里的就是行星
To being a planet over here,
在那里的就不是行星
To be not a planet over here.
就像把这个石头放到那里
Just like there's No dividing line Between a stone and a pebble.
它的名字有些不同一样
It's really more Of a sociological question.
这不是什么问题这是文字游戏而已
It's a question Of definitions of words
Rather than a question Of science.
但它是科学的
Although no longer Officially a planet,
虽然冥王星不是正式的行星了
Scientific interest in Pluto Hasn't waned.
对冥王星的研究没有停止过
Even as the vote was being taken In Prague,
即使花费巨大
美国宇航局的“新地平线”号♥已经上路
A nasa spacecraft Called "New Horizons"
Was already on its way To exploring To this far off world.
去探索冥王星这遥远的世界
The New Horizons mission
“新地平线”号♥是第一个去访问冥王星的航♥空♥器
Will be the first spacecraft Ever to visit Pluto.
By going to Pluto, Studying Pluto,
去访问冥王星的路上
研究冥王星我们不认为只是个单独的课题
It's no longer a mission To a singular object,
But it's actually a mission To one of a class of objects
已经是一个经典的研究课题
That we'll get to learn about.
“新地平线”必须以声速前进
But New Horizons Needs to travel at warp speed
到达冥王星之后还要进行探测它的大气层
Or a valuable Research opportunity To study Pluto's atmosphere
Will be lost For at least the next 200 years.
研究过程至少要200年
宇宙外行星
“新地平线”号♥宇宙飞船
The New Horizons spacecraft Is headed For a rendezvous with Pluto.
是专为冥王星任务而设计的
我们的宇宙飞船分离成功了分离成功了
We have confirmation Of spacecraft separation.
But scientists Are trying to beat the clock
但科学家要争分夺秒了
Because as Pluto Recedes from the Sun,
因为冥王星正要靠近太阳了
Its 62-year-long winter Is coming.
随着，冥王星62年长的冬天就要来临了
And when winter comes to Pluto,
冥王星在冬天的时候
The dwarf planet's atmosphere Will freeze
大气层会很稀薄而且离地面很低
And fall to the ground.
加果温度很低莱斯利?杨西南研究所
If it collapses too much,
It might just be A lot less interesting,
大气很稀薄
You might not have As interesting chemistry.
对宇宙飞船很不利
上面温度
And we want to know What the temperature And the composition
还有组成成分还有风
And the structure and the winds On the atmosphere--
都是要考虑的
To get there in time,
为了争取时间“新地平线”号♥
New Horizons is blazing Through the solar system
以超过45 , 000英里每小时在太阳系中闪电前进
At more than 45,000 miles An hour.
也就是12英里每秒的速度
That's 12 miles a second.
At that speed,
以这样的速度前进洛彩矶到纽约
A trip From Los Angeles to New York Would take about 3 1/2 minutes.
只要三分半钟
So this is The fastest spacecraft
所以这是地球上发射的最快的宇宙飞船
That was ever launched From the Earth.
In fact, it took about six hours
可以3个钟就到达月球轨道上面
To get out To the quarter million miles
To make it out to the moon.
比以前的飞船快多了亨利?希劳奥普西南研究所
You can compare that To the couple of days
That it took The Apollo astronauts To get out that same distance.
要到达冥王星的话需要30个月
New Horizons Will pass by Jupiter In just 13 months.
我们的太阳系太大了
But the outer solar system Is so big
That it's gonna take us Another eight years To get to Pluto.
所以它还要8年才能到达冥王星
Even with its Unprecedented speed,
即使它以不可思议的速度前进
New Horizons won't reach Pluto Until july of 2015.
“新地平线”号♥达到冥王星的时候
也要到20巧年7月了
冥王星有着悠久的历史了
Pluto is just a big mystery.
It's exciting to me That there's a spacecraft On its way there
我想着宇宙飞船就要到达那里太兴奋了戴维?格林斯彭丹佛自然科学博物馆
And in few years we'll, You know,
你知道这是个神秘的世界
This sort of blank slate Of a world
Will be richly filled in With pictures And detailed data.
我们等着想更深一步了解它
About four billion miles From Pluto,
离冥王星40亿英里处
Uranus is a mesmerizing Blue marble.
天王星就像一块蓝色的云石
And it's really Strikingly beautiful
非常的漂亮
And different From the other planets.
和其他的行星不同
It's a giant, blue, Pale-blue, fuzzy ball
又圆又蓝像个气球
Sitting there in space Against the darkness of space.
天王星显蓝色是其外层大气层中的
And it's just That striking blue color
甲烷吸收了红光的结果
And the almost Pure featurelessness Of it; it seems unreal.
许有像木星那样的彩带
It looks as though
It was sort of created By some movie Special effects person
'cause how could you have A planet that large
但它们被覆盖着的甲烷层遮住了
And that perfect And just this giant, Featureless blue?
所以它呈现蓝色的特征
Uranus is 1.6 billion miles From Earth.
天王星离地球16亿英里
直径是31 , 763英里
It has a diameter Of nearly 32,000 miles--
比地球直径大两倍
Four times Earth's diameter.
绕太阳一周需要84年
It takes 84 Earth years For Uranus to orbit the Sun.
One day on Uranus Is a little over 17 hours.
一天的时间长度是172 , J、时
150磅的人在天王星上只有133磅
If you weigh 150 pounds On Earth,
You would weigh 133 pounds On Uranus.
Named after the greek god Of the sky,
天王星取名于古希腊神话中的宇宙之神
Uranus has the most Off-kilter axis of any planet In the solar system.
天王星的转轴是太阳系行星最倾斜的
At an angle of 98 degrees,
倾角以小于90度进行逆向转动
The planet is actually spinning On its side.
What that means Is that at one time of the year,
这意味着一年中迈克尔?密斯察纳喷气推进实验室
Only one hemisphere Is pointing towards the Sun;
是一整年白天
也有一整年黑夜的
And the other hemisphere Is complete darkness.