宇宙（2007）

The Universe S01E11

Part 6 April 22, 2021, 8:13 p.m.

May have originally formed Elsewhere in the solar system.
Neptune is probably Capturing these moons
海王星的卫星物质来源是多方面的
From the vast amount of material That's actually
In our solar system Beyond the orbit Of Neptune and Pluto.
你知道，太阳系是比海王星和冥王星大得多迈克尔?密斯察纳喷气推进实验室
There is a lot Of very icy bodies,
里面有大量的冰体
Small bodies, planetesimals And other rocky things
或大或小都来自太阳系
That pass through Our solar system And other debris.
和其他天体
这些天体经常互相碰撞
Every so often,
Some of this debris Might collide with each other
And then they get pushed in Towards the solar system.
然后碎片就进入太阳系
Some of these icy bodies End up as comets.
有些冰体变成彗星
But if one is pushed In the right direction
一旦它向合适的方向飞去
At the right time,
就可能受到某个行星引力的牵引
It can be captured by a planet's Gravitational pull,
Becoming a moon.
从而变成一个卫星
Neptune's largest moon, Triton,
海王星最大的卫星
Is roughly the size Of Earth's moon.
十分有可能像地球卫星月球那么大
It is the coldest object In our solar system, Ever observed by astronomers
它们是宇航员观察到的太阳系中最冷的天体
Even more frigid than Pluto.
甚至比冥王星还有冷
它们上面至少都是零下几十度的艾德?斯通加州理工大学／喷气推进实验室
Only 40 degrees Above absolute zero,
About minus 390 degrees fahrenheit.
So cold that the nitrogen Which would normally be In a gaseous form,
太冷了
上面的气体都变成了固体
Forms an icy polar cap On this moon.
在这卫星上
Triton is so cold Primarily because the surface Is so reflective.
因为太冷了太阳系也受到了影响
70％的太阳光被反射回去
About 70 percent of the light That hits the surface of Triton
Is reflected back.
And with that much light Not being absorbed By the planet,
没有吸收到这些光
It just gets very, very cold.
这里只有非常非常冷了
Triton, it could well Be similar in composition To Pluto.
和火山的组成成分相似
We see ices On the surface there.
One of the fascinating things
不断喷出表面
That we see on the surface Of triton are actually plumes,
就像火山一样喷射
Essentially volcanoes.
我们对这个卫星研究了很久
And we see these plumes,
We've actually seen them Coming out in real time
现在还在喷射亨利?希劳奥普西南研究所
With the Voyager spacecraft When it went past Neptune and Triton.
好像越来越猛烈了
Unlike Earth's volcanoes,
不像地球上的火山
Triton's geyser-like eruptions
可以向天空喷出几百米高
Spew a mixture Of liquid nitrogen, methane, And ammonia.
又有氧气助燃这些气体
在卫星上面就不同了
And an upsurge instantly freezes
喷出的物体马上被冰冻住了
As it rockets five miles high Into its thin atmosphere.
当火山向大气喷出5英里高的岩浆时
Once airborne,
岩浆马上变成了冰冰被风携带几英里远
The ice can be carried Along for miles by winds In the atmosphere
before snowing Back down onto the surface.
最后落下到表面上
Geological activity on triton Makes scientists wonder
地质活动的作用
使得科学家不得不想
If there's water, Perhaps being heated Under Triton's Icy exterior
那里的水可能是冰的作用
而热了起来
And as the theory goes,
但冰融化掉
Where there's water, Life could be present.
生命有可能出现了
If that's the case,
加果是这样的话海王星最大的卫星
Neptune's largest moon Could be home to
可能就是我们最重大的发现了
one Of the biggest discoveries Of all time.
But due to planning And transit times,
但我们要到天王星和海王星那里去
It will be at least two decades
我们至少要花10年
Before we approach Uranus or Neptune again.
We've had discussions But there are no current plans.
虽然我们有这个发现
但目前我们没有宇宙飞船能够登陆那里
We could, with Voyager,
Well, we just had a brief fly-by
我们只能飞越过它们
And we managed to collect A lot of discovery.
没法去收集那个发现的生命
But in fact,
但实际上我们得回到冥王星那里去
We need to get back To pursue those discoveries.
In the meantime
同时，科学家将会关注着
Scientists will be focused On New Horizons as it rockets
越来越靠近冥王星的“新地平线”号♥
Even closer to Pluto.
On board, In addition to a cluster Of scientific instruments
在航♥空♥器上附加于这先进科学技术的产物上的是
Is a small canister of ashes-- Those of Pluto's discoverer,
一个装着骨灰小箱子
里面是冥王星发现者的骨灰
Clyde Tombaugh, who died in 1997 At the age of 90.
他叫汤博他于1997年去世
享年90岁
I'm not involved In the New Horizons mission At all.
我虽然没有参与“新地平线”号♥的工作迈克?布朗加州理工大学
But i can tell you From my point of view,
但我可以告诉你我对这个项目很兴奋
I'm very excited about it.
我们非常需要有这个好主意
We really don't have Any good ideas
Of what the actual features On the surface of Pluto Are gonna be like.
到实地去考察冥王星
That's why These small scale pictures
就可以更了解这颗行星了
Getting actual close-ups Is gonna be so important.
这是很重要的
As spacecraft probes And telescopes
但“新地平线”号♥越来越近这个外行星区域的时候
Are sent to the far reaches Of our celestial neighborhood,
We come one step closer To deciphering The expansive universe.
我们对这广漠宇宙的了解又更深了一步
我们的技术和我们的想象力
Our technology And our imaginations
Can help bring These far off alien worlds To life.
能够把这遥远的世界带到现实中导演柯林?坎贝尔
As we look at them With awe and wonder,
当我们看着这行星的时候我们总是想
We can only fathom What unexplored mysteries Lie deep within.
我们能深究得出这神秘的地方
有无生命的存在吗