宇宙（2007）

The Universe S01E06

Part 1 April 22, 2021, 8:11 p.m.

4.5 billion years ago, in the highperformance race to become a planet,
45亿年前
在行星形成的竞争中
this glistening blue spheremade it to the winners circle.
这个蓝色的天体成功诞生
胜利地存在于宇宙中
But the competitionwas filled with chaos
但是,过程是混乱无序的
很多剧烈的碰撞
and violent collisions.
When the Earth was forming,rocks and boulders
成型过程中
大量巨石高速落到地球上
came screaming inmuch faster than cars
crash when they run into wallsor other cars.
就像汽车相撞
经过这样漫长的岁月
After tremendous perseverance
it became a special placein the Solar System
才在太阳系中形成如此独一无二的地方
to sustain oceans,land and life.
拥有海洋，陆地……
……生命
The bacteria helpedto create oxygen.
早期的细菌，制♥造♥了大量氧气
We owe our heritageto the scum of the earth.
得益于这些低等生物才有了我们
Despite modern disastersthat now plague the planet,
尽管现在还有各种灾难袭击着地球
it still remains one of the mostmystifying creations in the Universe.
地球依然是
宇宙中最神奇的一块乐土
Blast off aboard"Spaceship Earth".
最后，登上神奇太空船……地球
宇宙S1E06……太空船地球
Suppose extraterrestrialstruly exist
假设外星人真的存在
and want to tourPlanet Earth,
他们将要访问地球
they'd be in for the ultimatecosmic vacation.
像我们最期待的那种星际旅行
Earth, whose name may go backto the Greek name "閞aze" *,
地球的名称来源于希腊语
meaning "ground", is the thirdterrestrial planet from the Sun.
意为土地，是太阳系的第三颗行星
But when arriving,
但当外星人到来时
visitors will realize that it got itsnickname, "the blue planet",
他们会意识到，地球的昵称，蓝色星球
because three quarters ofit is covered with water.
因为地球表面四分之三都是水
这些来访者将发现
And vacationers will see
that Earth is the only planetin our solar system
地球是太阳系中唯一的
where humans, or thence life,exists.
生存着人类和其他高等生物的星球
If you can breathe ouroxygen-rich atmosphere,
如果他们能在地球大气中或水下呼吸
or breathe under water,
Earth can be explored without aprotective spacecraft and space suit.
他们就可以自♥由♥探索地球,而无需空间飞行器或宇航服
But tourists will needto adjust their watches.
但是,他们得调整他们的表
It takes 365 days for Earthto orbit around the Sun,
地球绕太阳一圈是365天
每天是24小时
and each day is 24 hours,
which is the amount of time it takes theplanet to rotate around its axis once.
这是地球绕地轴旋转一圈所需要的时间
Despite travellers warnings aboutdeadly storms and civil wars,
尽管他们可能遇到飓风和人类战争
Earth is a relatively safeadventure destination.
地球仍是一个相对安全的目的地
The Earth is a very special planet.
这是个非常特别的星球
Just like a Porsche is a veryspecial car.
就像一辆保时捷
是一辆特别的跑车
Our planet was formed in justthe right place in the Solar System.
诞生在太阳系合适的位置上
In fact it's the only place we know ofin our entire Solar System
事实上,太阳系中只有这个位置
where plants and animals canlive under natural conditions.
适合动植物的生存
Renowned astronomer Donald Brownlee,
唐纳德?布朗李
has spent his career on a cosmic quest
开始进行他的宇宙赛车之旅
to solve the mysteriessurrounding the origin of Earth.
以解开原始地球之谜
He says, in the race to becomea life-sustaining planet,
在这场成为适合生命繁衍的星球的竞赛中
Earth was in the driver's seat.
假设地球就是司机
But he cautions the ride was fullof danger and intrigue.
这场竞赛危机四伏
The Earth had many thingsthat happened to it
地球面临许多事件
to make it the way it is right now.
一切即将开始
And many of these thingsdid involve luck.
这些事件很多都伴随着幸运
4.5 billion years ago,one corner of the Universe
45亿年前的宇宙某处
experienced a colossalfireworks display.
经历了一场巨大的爆发
A massive but short-lived starexploded as a supernova.
非常强大但短暂的大爆♥炸♥超新星爆♥炸♥
The blast from this star may havetriggered the gravitational collapse
爆♥炸♥物在万有引力作用下坍塌
of the cloud that formed the Sun.
中♥央♥形成了太阳
Shortly after the Sunformed, you had
很快地
a lot of material orbitingaround the Sun.
周围物质开始围绕太阳旋转
And this was microscopic stuff,ice particles, dust,
这些微小的冰粒,尘土
a lot of it wasn't unlike the lintthat comes out of your dryer.
像干燥器上的棉绒
And it began to kind of sticktogether in little clumps.
刚开始时集中成一小团
And eventually some of these piecesbecame more like sand,
然后,其中一些变得像沙石
little pieces of silicate mostly,and it began to stick together
大多是小块的硅酸盐石头.它们又不断地
and you begin to get little rocks,little boulders.
融合其他小石块
As the boulders grew larger,so did the collisions.
不断的碰撞形成大石块
As two objects impacted,gravity held them together.
两个石块撞击后,引力使之结合
Porsches are known for speed.
保时捷跑车以极速闻名
Planets are alsoknown for speed.
这些小行星也如此
When the Earth was forming,particles and rocks and boulders
地球形成时期,这些微粒,石块
came screaming inmuch faster than these cars
通常以更快的速度,远快于保时捷跑车的速度
就像发生车祸一样,碰撞在一起
crash when they run into wallsor other cars.
Through multiple collisions,infant Earth was formed.
最初的地球形成于这些碰撞
But it would take many more impactsfor it to become the size it is today.
要形成现在的地球这么大,还需要更多的碰撞
To better understandthe formation process,
为了更好的理解地球形成的过程
Pete Schultz and hisformer student Seiji Sugita,
Pete Schultz 教授与他前任的学生 Seiji Sugita
are attempting to recreatethe early impacts on Earth
重现了地球上这些最初的碰撞
by using the Vertical Gun Rangeat NASA's Ames Research Centre.
通过使用Vertical Gun Range
位于美国宇航局埃姆斯研究中心
It's a warehouse-sized roomhousing a massive light gas gun
大到塞满整个大房♥间
是一个巨大的轻质气体炮
which looks more likea ballistic missile.
更像洲际弹道导弹
The vertical gun launchesprojectiles at specified targets
这个纵向的发射器指向的特别目标
inside a vacuum chamber.
是一个真空室
The fact that this gun canload up in a different angle
发射器可以调整到需要的角度
makes it really realisticin terms of comparison
可以使这个系统非常的相似于
to what happened onthe surface of Earth
地球表面所发生的那些
about 3.5 billion years ago.
大约35亿年前的情况
So we're going to fire this tinyquarter-inch aluminium sphere
发射这样的小铝珠
into the chamber,and we use this because
到真空室之中而我们使用这个是因为
it has about the same densityas an asteroid
它有着与进入地球大气的小行星几乎相同的密度,事实上
entering the atmosphereof the Earth,
so it's gonna slam inaround 3 miles/s.
冲击的速度高达4.8千米每秒
About 10 times the speedof a bullet.
是普通枪子弹速度的10倍
It's gonna be smashedto smithereens.
The vertical gun will shoot thealuminium bead into the vacuum chamber
发射器将铝珠打入真空室
filled with atmospheric gases.
里面将充满地球早期大气气体
There it will impacta sandy mound
现在,用一堆沙子做成
resembling earlyEarth's surface.
与早期地球表面相似
We're in a vacuum chamberbut we'll be putting back in a gas
我们的这个空间,除了稀薄大气
that will simulate what theearly Earth must have looked like.
模拟一个可能的早期地球环境
Let's go ahead and makea bunch of craters,
弄一些坑
what the early landscape of Earthmust have looked like.
大概像这样的早期地形
'Cause these things wouldhappen all the time,
碰撞一直存在.会有相当多的坑
there had to have been a lot of craters.
The plan is to come in,hit the centre of the target
我们的碰撞计划,将击中这个表面的中♥央♥
and watch the crater form.And you'll see the destructive power
看看这些坑洼的表面会产生多大的破坏
of... even tough it'sa tiny bead,
虽然这是一个很小的物体
it's gonna do somereal serious damage.
也能产生足够的破坏
Can you believe anythingwould survive...
没什么可以幸免
High-speed cameraswill document the impact.
高速摄像机记录着撞击过程
Schultz and Sugita, nervouslywatch the monitor
他们从监视器上观察着
located outside the gun range.
在发射器之外
This is the part that kills me.
这个部分最激动人
It's like this momentbefore the storm.
就像暴风雨前夕
From a secure control room,an engineer flips several switches.
工程师在控制室操作着
Ok. Here we go.
好的,就要开始了
Schultz and Sugita mixscience with a little superstition.
科学家们开始祈祷
We cross our fingers...
交叉手指
Cross our legs...
腿
Cross our hands...
手臂
This is what drives me nuts.
太让人疯狂了
Oh, gorgeous!Oh, my gosh!
漂亮
Ok, let's take a look.
好了,让我们看看
The experiment worked.
试验情况如何
That is unbelievably...
难以置信
If we imagine thison the Earth...
是否想起地球上的
Yeah?
恩?
These would be clouds thatwould be rolling
那些云的变化
at velocities that'd becomparable to tornados.
跟龙♥卷♥风♥刮起的比较
- Or even higher.- Even higher, yeah.
更高,甚至更强大
The video taken revealsa frightening and realistic picture
录像显示出真实而恐怖的场景
of what happened onearly Earth.
正是早期地球上所发生的