宇宙（2007）

The Universe S01E07

Part 1 April 22, 2021, 8:12 p.m.

金星和水星
Venus and Mercury
two hostile worlds that they underwent very different destinies.
两个对立的世界有着完全不同的经历
One, quite alive and burbujeante one with treacherous natural forces.
其中一个,非常活跃,释放强大的自然之力
The other, a planetary corpse
另一个,一片死寂
created by million impacts of high speed.
形成于大量碰撞
Both demonstrate the true ones horrors of the planets that leave bad.
都显示出恶劣环境下的行星上的恐怖
Mercury and Venus, the inner planets.
水星和金星近日行星
宇宙S01E07水星和金星……近日行星
The Univer 1x07 Mercury and Venus, the inner planets
Along with the Earth and Mars
沿着地球和火星
Mercury and Venus constitute our inner Solar System.
水星和金星组成了近日太阳系
Jupiter, Saturn, Urano and Neptune
木星,土星,天王星,海王星
the moved away planets more of the Sun
一个比一个远离太阳
they constitute gaseous worlds exteriors of the Solar System.
都是拥有着气态外表的远日行星
During four billions of years, the inner planets
在40亿年里这些近日行星
they agglutinated sufficient rubbish stellar to become rock.
在太阳系内各种杂乱物质的碰撞与结合下形成了各自的固体结构
Why we studied planets? Why we studied
为什么我们研究行星
为什么研究天文学
astronomy?
Someday we will have to go beyond the planet Earth
某天我们也许不得不离开地球
if we want to survive like species by long time.
如果我们想永远生存下去
And we must know what there is there outside and which is the nature of the Universe.
我们必须了外面有些什么宇宙的性质是如何的
We study worlds where the things are exotic
我们研究世界上任何感兴趣的事物
but the basic processes of the physics and chemistry
不过基本的物理化学原理
they are really the same that we see in the Earth.
跟地球上的完全一致
Million kilometers separate to us of our rocky cousins
水星金星两石质兄弟,远在数百万英里外
but a trip by Venus and Mercury, it reveals a common DNA.
不过研究过水星和金星后得到了许多基本数据
We can go to Mercury and Venus, and really we can
我们能够观测他们
to consider them worlds with its own histories.
研究他们的各项数据
And soon to contextualise history of our own planet.
并立即联想到地球的这些数据
Venus is the sixth major planet in the Solar System.
体型上,金星是太阳系中第6大行星
In its nearer point
离地球最近时
it is to forty and two million of kilometers of the Earth.
大约距离2600万英里[4200万千米]
1金星年等于225地球天
A year in Venus lasts 225 days terrestrial.
And if weights 68 kilograms in the Earth
地球上150磅的物体
you would only weigh 62 kilograms in Venus.
在金星上只有136磅重
Venus, when the old Romans they watched upwards
古罗马人观察金星
they were captivated by his imposing presence.
他们被金星美丽的外表征服
They baptized to the planet by the night love song goddess of the love and the beauty.
称之为维纳斯,爱与美的女神
It is a so beautiful presence in the sky
在空中显得如此美丽
that the connection seems obvious there.
很容易被观测到
Venus, has been considered by length time our brother planet
金星, 长♥期♥以来被当作地球的姐妹星
because of its similarities in composition
是因为相近的距离和相似的
gravity, densidad and size.
引力, 密度与大小
Venus and the Earth are almost twin, in many senses.
金星和地球在许多方面就像双胞胎
They have almost the same size. Venus is a little smaller than the Earth.
几乎差不多大小. 金星只是略小于地球
So if the Earth were a ball of basketball, Venus would be a soccer ball.
如果地球像篮球这么大,金星就像足球
A little smaller, Venus is planet nearer the Earth.
只小一点点,金星是地球最近的同伴
So during long time one thought that literally it was its twin planet.
以至于有人一直以为地球金星是一个双子星系统
By very many time, the scientists they thought that this binocular
长♥期♥以来,科学家们认为这个伴星像地球一样
like the Earth, it was a planet place setting by the deep oceans
拥有深海
leafy rainy forests
大♥片♥雨林
and that had a climate that it would give credibility
还有悬崖以至于深信不疑
to the notion of which the life intelligent it could exist there.
认为金星上也有智慧生命
Before the space era, one thought that Venus could be similar to the Earth.
太空时代以前, 人们普遍认为金星类似地球
But the paradox is that when in fact we went to Venus and we began to explore
结果这些完全是谬论当我们开始观测,探索金星
the conditions were there very different.
发现那里环境跟地球大不相同
It was that Venus was less an exotic Earth brother
结果,金星与其说是地球好姐妹
and plus an evil binocular.
不如说是个恶魔兄弟
Here we have two very similar planets in its general properties.
两个行星基本数据十分相近
But they evolved towards very different states.
却最终进化成两个完全不同的形态
And that creates an interesting problem in understanding of the planetary evolution.
引出了一个关于行星演化的有趣问题
A species of experiment controlled.
一些特定的反应
It takes those two similar planets and d閖alos to evolve by
发生在两个行星上
four billions of years. Why they finish being so different?
不断演化数十亿年为什么造成了最后的巨大差异?
First, some of basic differences.
首先,一些基本的差别
Venus, has been struck hard by meteorites.
金星, 被陨星撞击
其中一些撞击非常强
One so hard that
certain scientists think that he could to have reverted the rotation of the planet.
一些科学家认为这甚至导致了金星的反转
Venus has a very slow rotation.
金星自转很慢
It owns what we called one 搑etrograde rotation?
我们称其为逆向自转
Tour backwards compared with turn of all the other planets.
因为自转的方向不同于太阳系中所有其他行星
Because of this 搑etrograde rotation? the Sun leaves by the west
由于逆向自转太阳从西边升起
and it is hidden by the east.
然后在东边落下
And the Venusian days are long.
而且一金星天很长
The time interval from to dawn until the following one
一天的间隔如此长从一次日出到下一次日出
it is of near 8 months terrestrial.
约等于8个地球月[解说有误,应为4个地球月]
But the orbital landlord and the long days
金星上漫长的一天
they are not what a does So intolerable Venus.
是非常难以忍♥受
Partly, it is the ominous climate.
部分原因, 因为其恶劣气候
With a skin temperature of about 280 Celsius degrees
表面温度高达900华氏度[500摄氏度]
Venus is the planet more it warms up of the Solar System.
这里是太阳系中最恶劣的环境
The travellers would see there finish its passage steeply.
旅行者经过这里将立即倒下
It would take some seconds
或许几秒钟
perhaps a second, so that they disappeared.
或许一秒钟然后走向地狱
Until dying.
折磨致死
If you were a seated astronaut in Venus without a spacesuit
如果你是位宇航员没有穿宇航服降落到金星上
your skin encrestar韆
皮肤会立即烤干硬
you would cook like a turkey in furnace, unless but much fast.
会像烤炉上的一只火鸡, 不过还要快的多
The inclement heat is created by called process 揼reenhouse effect?
严酷的高温产生自温室效应
the same process that maintains the controlled Earth climate
温室效应维持着地球气候
and moving with life.
孕育了大量生命
But one more a glance nearer Venus, it says how this common characteristic to us
在金星上却致使像这样的一片树林如何由
it can be a service life
一片生机
and a cycle of death.
变得一片死寂
Today, our own temperature one is rising
如今我们地球温度在提升
and the scientists found possible cause of it in Venus.
科学家们发现也许就像发生于金星上那样
The global heating is the result of greenhouse gases
全球变暖的罪魁祸首温室气体
that they increase and they increase.
不断的增长,增长,增长
And therefore we are warming up more and more.
导致,我们生存更加更加困难
And when we observed Venus we said:
当我们观察金星时,会说
揟here it is happening really?
啊哈,这里正发生着这一切
In the decade of the 90, after that the spaceship Magallanes
在90年代, 探测器 Magallanes
it would be sent
发射升空
the space watchmen began to turn upside down towards Venus
探测器飞向金星
in order to conjecture how bad they could to put the Earth things.
看看温室效应最终能导致情况糟糕到何种程度
The space reconnaissance has to us said much on the Earth
探测结果让我们了解很多地球及其大气将可能发生的一切
and its atmosphere. And in fact the greenhouse effect
事实上,很多人谈到的温室效应所产生的气温变暖
of that everybody speech now with the global heating
it was shortage in Venus.
正作用于现在的金星
What they discovered on Venus
对金星的更多了解
it gave new lights on what fragile one it is the Earth greenhouse effect.
发现地球上的温室效应相对而言是多么弱小
Venus not always was so hot.
金星并不总是这么热
We think that in the beginning of its history he was more similar
我们认为最初的金星表面类似于
to the Earth in its surface and that lost its oceans
地球表面,甚至还有海洋
due to which we called uncontrolled greenhouse effect?
只是温室效应早已将其蒸发
So Venus is an example of which certainly a global change
所以金星就是一个环境破坏的例子
it can happen in a planet, in the worse scene.
发生于环境恶化的行星上
We do not have to turn us into Venus to be in problems
我们没有变得像金星那样严重
we only must advance a little in that direction, we are doing and it.
只是我们在这个方面不是最糟糕但是,正步步逼近
But the real value to study to Venus
研究金星的一个现实价值
it is that it allows us to try our climatic models.
就是建立我们的大气模型
By means of computerized models of general circulation, or GCM
通过计算大气模型
the scientists managed to calculate temperature rises in the Earth.
科学家才能计算出地球上温度情况
Based on the amount of gases of greenhouse in Venus.
计算利用了金星上温室气体量
How the effect works greenhouse in Venus
金星上的温室效应是如何生效的?
in order to make so hot to the planet?
使这个行星如此炎热
This is Bi髎fera 2
这是生物圈2号♥
located in slopes of mountains Santa Catherine, in Arizona.
位于亚利桑那州 Santa Catherine 山上
It was constructed by a group of investigators to explore the idea
一些研究员建立这个系统
to colonize other planets.
以助于将来的星际移♥民♥
It is the major greenhouse of the world.
这是世界上最大的温室
The Bi髎fera is a great example of greenhouse